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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS (Akademiko) - Batas

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa batas, tulad ng "hukom", "sakdal", "hudisyal", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit sa IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
barrister
barrister
[Pangngalan]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

abogado, manananggol

abogado, manananggol

Ex: The barrister specialized in family law, providing guidance and representation in divorce and custody cases. 
to break
to break
[Pandiwa]

to fail to obey the law

lumabag, suwayin

lumabag, suwayin

Ex: She was caught breaking the contract by sharing confidential information. 
defendant
defendant
[Pangngalan]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

nasasakdal, akusado

nasasakdal, akusado

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of theft and fraud. 
to judge
to judge
[Pandiwa]

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

hukuman, magpasya

hukuman, magpasya

Ex: The jury will judge the defendant based on the evidence presented during the trial. 
jury
jury
[Pangngalan]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 
law-abiding
law-abiding
[pang-uri]

being obedient to the law

sumusunod sa batas, masunurin sa batas

sumusunod sa batas, masunurin sa batas

offender
offender
[Pangngalan]

a person who commits a crime

salarin, kriminal

salarin, kriminal

Ex: The police apprehended the offender and took him into custody. 
solicitor
solicitor
[Pangngalan]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

solicitor, abogadong tagapayo

solicitor, abogadong tagapayo

Ex: She consulted a solicitor for advice on buying a house. 
to prosecute
to prosecute
[Pandiwa]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

usigin, paratangin

usigin, paratangin

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim’s family. 
to charge
to charge
[Pandiwa]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

paratang, isakdal

paratang, isakdal

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence. 
trial
trial
[Pangngalan]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

paglilitis, pagsubok

paglilitis, pagsubok

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 
court
court
[Pangngalan]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

hukuman, korte

hukuman, korte

Ex: The court listened carefully to the witness's testimony. 
to plead
to plead
[Pandiwa]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

magtapat

magtapat

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of robbery and assault. 
to acquit
to acquit
[Pandiwa]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

absuwelto, ideklarang walang kasalanan

absuwelto, ideklarang walang kasalanan

Ex: The company was accused of wrongdoing, but after a thorough investigation, they were acquitted of any illegal activities. 
parole
parole
[Pangngalan]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

parole

parole

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
to sentence
to sentence
[Pandiwa]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

hatulan

hatulan

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison. 
verdict
verdict
[Pangngalan]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

hatol, pasya

hatol, pasya

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours. 
to rehabilitate

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

rehabilitasyon, pagpapagaling

rehabilitasyon, pagpapagaling

Ex: The program aimed to rehabilitate individuals with substance abuse issues, providing support for a drug-free life. 
misdeed
misdeed
[Pangngalan]

a wrongful or immoral act

kasalanan, masamang gawa

kasalanan, masamang gawa

Ex: A simple misdeed can sometimes lead to serious consequences. 
retribution
retribution
[Pangngalan]

correction imposed as repayment for wrongdoing

parusa, gantimpala

parusa, gantimpala

Ex: The community sought retribution through justice, not violence. 
custodial
custodial
[pang-uri]

having custody of someone or connected with the legal right to look after them

pangalagaan, may kinalaman sa pag-aalaga

pangalagaan, may kinalaman sa pag-aalaga

to fine
to fine
[Pandiwa]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

multahan, patawan ng multa

multahan, patawan ng multa

Ex: The police officer fined the driver for speeding in a school zone. 
community service
community service
[Pangngalan]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

serbisyo sa komunidad, boluntaryong trabaho

serbisyo sa komunidad, boluntaryong trabaho

Ex: After being convicted of vandalism, he was sentenced to 100 hours of community service. 
corporal punishment

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

parusang pangkatawan, parusang pisikal

parusang pangkatawan, parusang pisikal

Ex: Corporal punishment, such as spanking or paddling, is a controversial method of disciplining children. 
capital punishment
capital punishment
[Pangngalan]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

parusang kamatayan, parusang capital

parusang kamatayan, parusang capital

Ex: The debate over capital punishment continues to be a contentious issue in many countries. 
deterrent
deterrent
[Pangngalan]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

pampigil, hadlang

pampigil, hadlang

Ex: Increased security measures serve as a deterrent to potential thieves. 
lenient
lenient
[pang-uri]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

mapagbigay, malambot

mapagbigay, malambot

Ex: The lenient teacher allowed students extra time to complete assignments if they had valid reasons for delays. 
conviction
conviction
[Pangngalan]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

hatol, deklarasyon ng pagkakasala

hatol, deklarasyon ng pagkakasala

Ex: The defendant's conviction was based on solid evidence presented during the trial. 
judicial
judicial
[pang-uri]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

panghukuman

panghukuman

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges. 
legislation
legislation
[Pangngalan]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

batas, legislasyon

batas, legislasyon

Ex: The new environmental legislation limits carbon emissions from factories. 
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