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Từ Vựng cho IELTS (Học Thuật) - Luật

Ở đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về luật, như "thẩm phán", "buộc tội", "tư pháp", v.v., cần thiết cho kỳ thi IELTS.

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Bắt đầu học
Words for Academic IELTS
barrister
barrister
[Danh từ]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

luật sư, trạng sư

luật sư, trạng sư

Ex: The barrister specialized in family law, providing guidance and representation in divorce and custody cases. 
to break
to break
[Động từ]

to fail to obey the law

vi phạm, phá vỡ

vi phạm, phá vỡ

Ex: She was caught breaking the contract by sharing confidential information. 
defendant
defendant
[Danh từ]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

bị cáo, bị đơn

bị cáo, bị đơn

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of theft and fraud. 
to judge
to judge
[Động từ]

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

xét xử, quyết định

xét xử, quyết định

Ex: The jury will judge the defendant based on the evidence presented during the trial. 
jury
jury
[Danh từ]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

ban giám khảo, hội đồng bồi thẩm

ban giám khảo, hội đồng bồi thẩm

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 
law-abiding
law-abiding
[Tính từ]

being obedient to the law

tuân thủ pháp luật, tuân theo pháp luật

tuân thủ pháp luật, tuân theo pháp luật

offender
offender
[Danh từ]

a person who commits a crime

người phạm tội, tội phạm

người phạm tội, tội phạm

Ex: The police apprehended the offender and took him into custody. 
solicitor
solicitor
[Danh từ]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

luật sư tư vấn, luật sư

luật sư tư vấn, luật sư

Ex: She consulted a solicitor for advice on buying a house. 
to prosecute
to prosecute
[Động từ]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

truy tố, buộc tội

truy tố, buộc tội

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim’s family. 
to charge
to charge
[Động từ]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

buộc tội, tố cáo

buộc tội, tố cáo

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence. 
trial
trial
[Danh từ]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

phiên tòa, quá trình xét xử

phiên tòa, quá trình xét xử

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 
court
court
[Danh từ]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

tòa án, hội đồng xét xử

tòa án, hội đồng xét xử

Ex: The court listened carefully to the witness's testimony. 
to plead
to plead
[Động từ]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

khai

khai

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of robbery and assault. 
to acquit
to acquit
[Động từ]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

tha bổng, tuyên bố vô tội

tha bổng, tuyên bố vô tội

Ex: The company was accused of wrongdoing, but after a thorough investigation, they were acquitted of any illegal activities. 
parole
parole
[Danh từ]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

án treo

án treo

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
to sentence
to sentence
[Động từ]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

kết án

kết án

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison. 
verdict
verdict
[Danh từ]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

phán quyết, bản án

phán quyết, bản án

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours. 
to rehabilitate
to rehabilitate
[Động từ]

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

phục hồi, tái hòa nhập

phục hồi, tái hòa nhập

Ex: The program aimed to rehabilitate individuals with substance abuse issues, providing support for a drug-free life. 
misdeed
misdeed
[Danh từ]

a wrongful or immoral act

hành vi xấu, tội lỗi

hành vi xấu, tội lỗi

Ex: A simple misdeed can sometimes lead to serious consequences. 
retribution
retribution
[Danh từ]

correction imposed as repayment for wrongdoing

sự trừng phạt, sự báo ứng

sự trừng phạt, sự báo ứng

Ex: The community sought retribution through justice, not violence. 
custodial
custodial
[Tính từ]

having custody of someone or connected with the legal right to look after them

giám hộ, liên quan đến quyền giám hộ

giám hộ, liên quan đến quyền giám hộ

to fine
to fine
[Động từ]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

phạt tiền, buộc nộp phạt

phạt tiền, buộc nộp phạt

Ex: The police officer fined the driver for speeding in a school zone. 
community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

dịch vụ cộng đồng, công việc phục vụ cộng đồng

dịch vụ cộng đồng, công việc phục vụ cộng đồng

Ex: After being convicted of vandalism, he was sentenced to 100 hours of community service. 
corporal punishment

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

hình phạt thể xác, trừng phạt thân thể

hình phạt thể xác, trừng phạt thân thể

Ex: Corporal punishment, such as spanking or paddling, is a controversial method of disciplining children. 
capital punishment

the killing of a criminal as punishment

hình phạt tử hình, án tử hình

hình phạt tử hình, án tử hình

Ex: The debate over capital punishment continues to be a contentious issue in many countries. 
deterrent
deterrent
[Danh từ]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

yếu tố răn đe, vật cản

yếu tố răn đe, vật cản

Ex: Increased security measures serve as a deterrent to potential thieves. 
lenient
lenient
[Tính từ]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

khoan dung, linh hoạt

khoan dung, linh hoạt

Ex: The lenient teacher allowed students extra time to complete assignments if they had valid reasons for delays. 
conviction
conviction
[Danh từ]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

kết án, tuyên bố có tội

kết án, tuyên bố có tội

Ex: The defendant's conviction was based on solid evidence presented during the trial. 
judicial
judicial
[Tính từ]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

tư pháp

tư pháp

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges. 
legislation
legislation
[Danh từ]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

pháp luật, luật

pháp luật, luật

Ex: The new environmental legislation limits carbon emissions from factories. 
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