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Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic) - The Law

Here you will learn some English words about the law, such as "judge", "charge", "judicial", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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Words for Academic IELTS
barrister
barrister
[noun]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

Ex: As a barrister, he is known for his sharp legal mind and eloquent courtroom presentations .
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to break
to break
[Verb]

to fail to obey the law

Ex: Breaking copyright laws can lead to legal action against content creators .
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defendant
defendant
[noun]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

Ex: The defendant remained composed throughout the trial , maintaining innocence despite the prosecution 's strong arguments .
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to judge
to judge
[Verb]

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

Ex: Lawyers presented their arguments to convince the court to judge in their favor .
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jury
jury
[noun]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .
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law-abiding
law-abiding
[Adjective]

being obedient to the law

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offender
offender
[noun]

a person who commits a crime

Ex: Community service can be a constructive way for offenders to make amends for their actions and contribute positively to society .
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solicitor
solicitor
[noun]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

Ex: The solicitor explained the terms of the contract clearly .
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to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

Ex: He hired an expert to help prosecute the case , ensuring every legal angle was covered .
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to charge
to charge
[Verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .
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trial
trial
[noun]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .
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court
court
[noun]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

Ex: The court deliberated for hours before reaching a verdict .
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to plead
to plead
[Verb]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

Ex: Despite the evidence against him , the defendant chose to plead not guilty by reason of insanity .
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to acquit
to acquit
[Verb]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

Ex: The exoneration process ultimately led to the court 's decision to acquit the defendant of all charges .
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parole
parole
[noun]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

Ex: Parole offers offenders the opportunity for rehabilitation and reintegration into society under supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism.
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to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .
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verdict
verdict
[noun]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .
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to rehabilitate

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

Ex: The program successfully rehabilitated many individuals who had struggled with substance abuse .
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misdeed
misdeed
[noun]

a wrongful or immoral act

Ex: The company fired him for his repeated misdeeds.
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retribution

correction imposed as repayment for wrongdoing

Ex: The trial provided a form of retribution for the victims ' families .
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custodial
custodial
[Adjective]

having custody of someone or connected with the legal right to look after them

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to fine
to fine
[Verb]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

Ex: He was fined for littering in a public area .
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community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

Ex: He found fulfillment in community service, knowing that his efforts were making a positive impact on those in need .
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corporal punishment

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

Ex: The debate over corporal punishment often centers on the balance between parental rights and the well-being of children .
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capital punishment

the killing of a criminal as punishment

Ex: Capital punishment is reserved for crimes deemed most severe under the law , such as murder .
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deterrent
deterrent
[noun]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

Ex: The complex application process proved to be a deterrent for many applicants .
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lenient
lenient
[Adjective]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

Ex: In contrast to his strict predecessor , the new manager took a lenient approach to employee tardiness , focusing more on productivity than punctuality .
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conviction

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

Ex: She was shocked by his conviction, as he had always maintained his innocence .
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judicial
judicial
[Adjective]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

Ex: Lawyers play a crucial role in presenting arguments and evidence before the judicial authorities .
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legislation

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

Ex: The legislation banning single-use plastics will take effect next year .
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