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IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - 法律

IELTS試験に必要な「裁判官」「告発」「司法」など法律に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words for Academic IELTS
barrister

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

弁護士, 法律家

弁護士, 法律家

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[名詞]
to break

to fail to obey the law

違反する, 破る

違反する, 破る

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[動詞]
defendant

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

被告, 被告人

被告, 被告人

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[名詞]
to judge

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

裁く, 評価する

裁く, 評価する

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[動詞]
jury

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

陪審, 陪審員

陪審, 陪審員

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[名詞]
law-abiding

being obedient to the law

法を遵守する, 法令順守の

法を遵守する, 法令順守の

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[形容詞]
offender

someone who has done an illegal act

犯人, 違反者

犯人, 違反者

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[名詞]
solicitor

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

弁護士, 法律相談員

弁護士, 法律相談員

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[名詞]
to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

起訴する, 訴追する

起訴する, 訴追する

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[動詞]
to charge

to officially accuse someone of an offense

告訴する, 起訴する

告訴する, 起訴する

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[動詞]
trial

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

裁判, 試判

裁判, 試判

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[名詞]
court

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

裁判所, 法廷

裁判所, 法廷

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[名詞]
to plead

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

弁護する, 申し立てる

弁護する, 申し立てる

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[動詞]
to acquit

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

無罪評決を下す

無罪評決を下す

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[動詞]
parole

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

仮出所, 保護観察

仮出所, 保護観察

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[名詞]
to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

判決する, 宣告する

判決する, 宣告する

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[動詞]
verdict

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

評決, 判決

評決, 判決

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[名詞]
to rehabilitate

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

リハビリテーションする, 復帰させる

リハビリテーションする, 復帰させる

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[動詞]
misdeed

an illegal or evil action

不正行為, 悪行

不正行為, 悪行

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[名詞]
retribution

the action of making amends for a mistake

報復, 懲戒

報復, 懲戒

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[名詞]
custodial

having custody of someone or connected with the legal right to look after them

監護の, 保護者の

監護の, 保護者の

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[形容詞]
to fine

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

罰金を科す, 罰する

罰金を科す, 罰する

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[動詞]
community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

地域奉仕, コミュニティサービス

地域奉仕, コミュニティサービス

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[名詞]
corporal punishment

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

肉体的な罰

肉体的な罰

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[名詞]
capital punishment

the killing of a criminal as punishment

死刑, 厳正なる罰

死刑, 厳正なる罰

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[名詞]
deterrent

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

抑止要因, ディタレント

抑止要因, ディタレント

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[名詞]
lenient

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

寛大な, 甘い

寛大な, 甘い

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[形容詞]
conviction

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

有罪判決, 有罪

有罪判決, 有罪

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[名詞]
judicial

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

司法の, 裁判の

司法の, 裁判の

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[形容詞]
legislation

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

立法, 法律

立法, 法律

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[名詞]
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