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Ordförråd för IELTS (Akademisk) - Lagen

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om lagen, såsom "domare", "åtal", "domstols", etc., som behövs för IELTS-provet.

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Words for Academic IELTS
barrister
barrister
[Substantiv]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

advokat, jurist

advokat, jurist

Ex: The barrister specialized in family law, providing guidance and representation in divorce and custody cases. 
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to break
to break
[Verb]

to fail to obey the law

bryta mot, bryta

bryta mot, bryta

Ex: She was caught breaking the contract by sharing confidential information. 
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defendant
defendant
[Substantiv]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

svarande, åtalad

svarande, åtalad

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of theft and fraud. 
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to judge
to judge
[Verb]

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

döma, besluta

döma, besluta

Ex: The jury will judge the defendant based on the evidence presented during the trial. 
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jury
jury
[Substantiv]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

jury, jurypanel

jury, jurypanel

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 
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law-abiding
law-abiding
[adjektiv]

being obedient to the law

laglydig, rättsinnig

laglydig, rättsinnig

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offender
offender
[Substantiv]

a person who commits a crime

överträdare, brottsling

överträdare, brottsling

Ex: The police apprehended the offender and took him into custody. 
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solicitor
solicitor
[Substantiv]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

solicitor, juridisk rådgivare

solicitor, juridisk rådgivare

Ex: She consulted a solicitor for advice on buying a house. 
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to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

åtal, anklaga

åtal, anklaga

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim’s family. 
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to charge
to charge
[Verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

åtal, anklaga

åtal, anklaga

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence. 
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trial
trial
[Substantiv]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

rättegång, förhör

rättegång, förhör

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 
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court
court
[Substantiv]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

domstol, rätt

domstol, rätt

Ex: The court listened carefully to the witness's testimony. 
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to plead
to plead
[Verb]

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

plädera

plädera

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of robbery and assault. 
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to acquit
to acquit
[Verb]

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

frikänna, förklara oskyldig

frikänna, förklara oskyldig

Ex: The company was accused of wrongdoing, but after a thorough investigation, they were acquitted of any illegal activities. 
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parole
parole
[Substantiv]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

villkorlig frigivning

villkorlig frigivning

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
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to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

döma

döma

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison. 
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verdict
verdict
[Substantiv]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

utslag, dom

utslag, dom

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours. 
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to rehabilitate

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

rehabilitera, återställa

rehabilitera, återställa

Ex: The program aimed to rehabilitate individuals with substance abuse issues, providing support for a drug-free life. 
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misdeed
misdeed
[Substantiv]

a wrongful or immoral act

missgärning, illdåd

missgärning, illdåd

Ex: A simple misdeed can sometimes lead to serious consequences. 
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retribution
retribution
[Substantiv]

correction imposed as repayment for wrongdoing

vedergällning, straff

vedergällning, straff

Ex: The community sought retribution through justice, not violence. 
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custodial
custodial
[adjektiv]

having custody of someone or connected with the legal right to look after them

vårdnad, relaterad till vårdnad

vårdnad, relaterad till vårdnad

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to fine
to fine
[Verb]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

bötfälla, pålägga en bot

bötfälla, pålägga en bot

Ex: The police officer fined the driver for speeding in a school zone. 
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community service
community service
[Substantiv]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

samhällstjänst, volontärarbete

samhällstjänst, volontärarbete

Ex: After being convicted of vandalism, he was sentenced to 100 hours of community service. 
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corporal punishment

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

kroppslig bestraffning, fysisk bestraffning

kroppslig bestraffning, fysisk bestraffning

Ex: Corporal punishment, such as spanking or paddling, is a controversial method of disciplining children. 
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capital punishment
capital punishment
[Substantiv]

the killing of a criminal as punishment

dödsstraff, huvudstraff

dödsstraff, huvudstraff

Ex: The debate over capital punishment continues to be a contentious issue in many countries. 
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deterrent
deterrent
[Substantiv]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

avskräckande, hinder

avskräckande, hinder

Ex: Increased security measures serve as a deterrent to potential thieves. 
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lenient
lenient
[adjektiv]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

eftergiven, tolerant

eftergiven, tolerant

Ex: The lenient teacher allowed students extra time to complete assignments if they had valid reasons for delays. 
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conviction
conviction
[Substantiv]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

fällande dom, skuldförklaring

fällande dom, skuldförklaring

Ex: The defendant's conviction was based on solid evidence presented during the trial. 
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judicial
judicial
[adjektiv]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

domstols

domstols

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges. 
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legislation
legislation
[Substantiv]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

lagstiftning, lag

lagstiftning, lag

Ex: The new environmental legislation limits carbon emissions from factories. 
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