pattern

Szókincs az IELTS-hez (Akadémiai) - A Törvény

Itt megtanulhat néhány angol szót a jogról, például "bíró", "vád", "bírósági" stb., amelyekre szükség van az IELTS vizsgához.

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Words for Academic IELTS
barrister
barrister
[Főnév]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

ügyvéd, jogász

ügyvéd, jogász

Ex: The barrister specialized in family law, providing guidance and representation in divorce and custody cases. 
to break

to fail to obey the law

megszeg, tör

megszeg, tör

Ex: She was caught breaking the contract by sharing confidential information. 
defendant
defendant
[Főnév]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

alperes, vádlott

alperes, vádlott

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of theft and fraud. 
to judge

to decide whether or not a person is innocent in a court of law

ítélkezik, dönt

ítélkezik, dönt

Ex: The jury will judge the defendant based on the evidence presented during the trial. 
jury
jury
[Főnév]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

esküdtszék, zsűripanel

esküdtszék, zsűripanel

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 
law-abiding
law-abiding
[melléknév]

being obedient to the law

törvénytisztelő, jogtiszta

törvénytisztelő, jogtiszta

offender
offender
[Főnév]

a person who commits a crime

szabályszegő, bűnöző

szabályszegő, bűnöző

Ex: The police apprehended the offender and took him into custody. 
solicitor
solicitor
[Főnév]

(in the UK) a lawyer who is entitled to give legal advice, prepare legal documents for contracts and defend people in lower courts of law

solicitor, jogi tanácsadó

solicitor, jogi tanácsadó

Ex: She consulted a solicitor for advice on buying a house. 
to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

vádat emel, büntetőeljárást folytat

vádat emel, büntetőeljárást folytat

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim’s family. 
to charge

to officially accuse someone of an offense

vádol, megvádol

vádol, megvádol

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence. 
trial
trial
[Főnév]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

per, tárgyalás

per, tárgyalás

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 
court
court
[Főnév]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

bíróság, törvényszék

bíróság, törvényszék

Ex: The court listened carefully to the witness's testimony. 
to plead

to state in a court of law, in front of the judge and the jury, whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

könyörög

könyörög

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of robbery and assault. 
to acquit

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

felment, ártatlannak nyilvánít

felment, ártatlannak nyilvánít

Ex: The company was accused of wrongdoing, but after a thorough investigation, they were acquitted of any illegal activities. 
parole
parole
[Főnév]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

feltételes szabadlábra helyezés

feltételes szabadlábra helyezés

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

elítél

elítél

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison. 
verdict
verdict
[Főnév]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

ítélet, verdikt

ítélet, verdikt

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours. 
to rehabilitate

to help someone to restore to a healthy and independent state after a period of imprisonment, addiction, illness, etc.

rehabilitál, helyreállít

rehabilitál, helyreállít

Ex: The program aimed to rehabilitate individuals with substance abuse issues, providing support for a drug-free life. 
misdeed
misdeed
[Főnév]

a wrongful or immoral act

rossz tett, bűntett

rossz tett, bűntett

Ex: A simple misdeed can sometimes lead to serious consequences. 
retribution
retribution
[Főnév]

correction imposed as repayment for wrongdoing

büntetés, megtorlás

büntetés, megtorlás

Ex: The community sought retribution through justice, not violence. 
custodial
custodial
[melléknév]

having custody of someone or connected with the legal right to look after them

gyámsági, a gyámsághoz kapcsolódó

gyámsági, a gyámsághoz kapcsolódó

to fine
to fine
[ige]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

bírságol, pénzbírságot kiszab

bírságol, pénzbírságot kiszab

Ex: The police officer fined the driver for speeding in a school zone. 
community service

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

közösségi szolgálat, önkéntes munka

közösségi szolgálat, önkéntes munka

Ex: After being convicted of vandalism, he was sentenced to 100 hours of community service. 
corporal punishment

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

testi fenyítés, fizikai büntetés

testi fenyítés, fizikai büntetés

Ex: Corporal punishment, such as spanking or paddling, is a controversial method of disciplining children. 
capital punishment

the killing of a criminal as punishment

halálbüntetés, főbüntetés

halálbüntetés, főbüntetés

Ex: The debate over capital punishment continues to be a contentious issue in many countries. 
deterrent
deterrent
[Főnév]

a thing that reduces the chances of someone doing something because it makes them aware of its difficulties or consequences

elrettentő, akadály

elrettentő, akadály

Ex: Increased security measures serve as a deterrent to potential thieves. 
lenient
lenient
[melléknév]

(of a person) tolerant, flexible, or relaxed in enforcing rules or standards, often forgiving and understanding toward others

türelmes, rugalmas

türelmes, rugalmas

Ex: The lenient teacher allowed students extra time to complete assignments if they had valid reasons for delays. 
conviction
conviction
[Főnév]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

elítélés, bűnösségnyilvánítás

elítélés, bűnösségnyilvánítás

Ex: The defendant's conviction was based on solid evidence presented during the trial. 
judicial
judicial
[melléknév]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

bírósági

bírósági

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges. 
legislation
legislation
[Főnév]

a formal rule or collection of rules enacted by a governing authority

törvényhozás, törvény

törvényhozás, törvény

Ex: The new environmental legislation limits carbon emissions from factories. 
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