Linguistik - Kata-kata yang Berhubungan dengan Linguistik

the shape of a word, phrase, sentence or discourse

bentuk, struktur

the study or use of words and the way they are put together or changed to make sentences

tata bahasa

any human language that has developed organically over time for communication purposes, distinguishing it from constructed or artificial languages

bahasa alami, bahasa natural

a language deliberately created by humans for specific purposes, such as international communication or fictional settings, rather than evolving naturally over time

bahasa buatan, bahasa tiruan

a language intentionally created by individuals or groups, often for specific purposes, such as improving communication, facilitating learning, or serving fictional or artistic purposes

bahasa buatan, bahasa yang dibangun

the asymmetrical relationship between linguistic forms or features, where one form or feature is considered more "marked" or less typical than another

penandaan, penanda

a book or electronic resource that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings, or gives the equivalent words in a different language

kamus

the specific word or form that serves as the main or primary lexical entry in a dictionary or reference work, typically representing the headword or base form of a word from which various inflected forms and derived words are derived

kata entri, istilah entri

a person or a community of people whose first language or primary language is English

berbahasa Inggris

an utterance expressed in speech rather than written form

kata yang diucapkan, ungkapan lisan

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintaksis, struktur kalimat

a large and structured collection of authentic texts or spoken language samples, used for linguistic analysis and research purposes

korpus, kumpulan teks

the process of changing written or spoken words from one language to another while maintaining the same meaning

terjemahan

a system used to communicate with deaf people that involves using hands and body gestures instead of words

bahasa isyarat, bahasa isyarat tubuh

the hypothetical language that is believed to be the root of all Indo-European languages

proto-Indo-Eropa, bahasa proto-Indo-Eropa

the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols

ortografi

a meaningful unit of analysis that is derived from within the specific cultural or linguistic context being studied, taking into account the perspectives and interpretations of the individuals or community under investigation

unit emik, unit analisis emik

a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting

kutipan, petikan

a sudden and short sound, word or phrase, uttered to express anger, excitement, etc.

seruan, teriakan

language that is considered to be meaningless or obscure, used to impress or confuse people rather than to convey information

jargon, bahasa teknis

a linguistic element or feature that signals or indicates a specific grammatical, semantic, or pragmatic function within a language

penanda, indikator

a fixed or semi-fixed phrase or expression with a specific meaning or function that extends beyond the sum of its individual words

frase, frasa tetap

a concept in linguistics that suggests that the structure and vocabulary of a language shape the thoughts and perception of its speakers, influencing their worldview and cognition

determinisme linguistik, penentuan bahasa

a grammatical or semantic property of a language or construction that indicates that the subject of a verb is also the object or recipient of the action performed by the subject, creating a self-referential or reflective relationship within the sentence

refleksivitas

(grammar) to have the same grammatical number, gender, case or person

menyatakan sesuai, mengikut

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

mengkonjugasi, konjugasi

(grammar) to inflect or state the different forms of a noun, pronoun or adjective according to gender, number, etc.

menyusutkan, merendahkan

to write or say the letters that form a word one by one in the right order

menyebutkan

(phonetics) to pronounce a vowel or a consonant with a strongly released breath

menghirup, menghembuskan

(phonetics) to pronounce the /r/ sound with an alveolar trill

menggulung, bergetar

(phonetics) to utter a syllable in a word or phrase with more emphasis

menekankan, mengucapkan dengan penekanan

(phonetics) to articulate a speech sound with the vibration of the vocal cords

menyuarakan, mengungkapkan

to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

mengartikulasikan, mengungkapkan

(linguistics) to express a concept, thought, or idea in a foreign language

mengkode, mengungkapkan

to learn by repetition and practice

berlatih, mengulang

to utter words rapidly and without making sense

berbicara cepat, bincang tidak jelas

to speak with involuntary stops and repetitions of certain words

tertarik, bergagap

to make an error or repeated errors while speaking

terpeleset (dalam berbicara), berbicara dengan kesalahan

to divide or connect by a hyphen in writing

membagi, menghubungkan dengan tanda hubung

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

memberi tanda baca, memakai tanda baca

(grammar) to divide a sentence into its grammatical constituents, identifying the syntactic role of each part

menganalisis, memecah

to say the exact sentence or group of words someone else used in a movie, book, etc.

mengutip, menyitir

(phonetics) to omit or leave out a vowel or a syllable in the pronunciation of a word

mengeluarkan, menyisakan

to insert a morpheme or affix within a word, typically by placing it in the middle of a root or base form

menyisipkan, infix