Лингвистика - Слова, относящиеся к лингвистике
Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с лингвистикой, такие как «дефис», «маркер» и «корпус».
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the study or use of words and the way they are put together or changed to make sentences
грамматика
any human language that has developed organically over time for communication purposes, distinguishing it from constructed or artificial languages
естственный язык
a language deliberately created by humans for specific purposes, such as international communication or fictional settings, rather than evolving naturally over time
искусственный язык
a language intentionally created by individuals or groups, often for specific purposes, such as improving communication, facilitating learning, or serving fictional or artistic purposes
конструированный язык
the asymmetrical relationship between linguistic forms or features, where one form or feature is considered more "marked" or less typical than another
маркированность
a book or electronic resource that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings, or gives the equivalent words in a different language
словарь
the specific word or form that serves as the main or primary lexical entry in a dictionary or reference work, typically representing the headword or base form of a word from which various inflected forms and derived words are derived
слово входа
a person or a community of people whose first language or primary language is English
англоязычный
an utterance expressed in speech rather than written form
сказанное слово
(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language
синтаксис
a large and structured collection of authentic texts or spoken language samples, used for linguistic analysis and research purposes
корпус
the process of changing written or spoken words from one language to another while maintaining the same meaning
перевод
a system used to communicate with deaf people that involves using hands and body gestures instead of words
язык жестов
the hypothetical language that is believed to be the root of all Indo-European languages
Протоиндоевропейский язык
the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols
орфография
a meaningful unit of analysis that is derived from within the specific cultural or linguistic context being studied, taking into account the perspectives and interpretations of the individuals or community under investigation
эмическая единица
a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting
цитата
a sudden and short sound, word or phrase, uttered to express anger, excitement, etc.
восклицание
language that is considered to be meaningless or obscure, used to impress or confuse people rather than to convey information
жаргон
a linguistic element or feature that signals or indicates a specific grammatical, semantic, or pragmatic function within a language
маркер
a fixed or semi-fixed phrase or expression with a specific meaning or function that extends beyond the sum of its individual words
фразема
a concept in linguistics that suggests that the structure and vocabulary of a language shape the thoughts and perception of its speakers, influencing their worldview and cognition
лингвистический детерминизм
a grammatical or semantic property of a language or construction that indicates that the subject of a verb is also the object or recipient of the action performed by the subject, creating a self-referential or reflective relationship within the sentence
рефлексивность
(grammar) to have the same grammatical number, gender, case or person
согласиться
(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.
спрягать
(grammar) to inflect or state the different forms of a noun, pronoun or adjective according to gender, number, etc.
склонять
to write or say the letters that form a word one by one in the right order
читать по складам
(phonetics) to pronounce a vowel or a consonant with a strongly released breath
произносить с придыханием
(phonetics) to pronounce the /r/ sound with an alveolar trill
дрожащий произносить
(phonetics) to utter a syllable in a word or phrase with more emphasis
ударять
(phonetics) to articulate a speech sound with the vibration of the vocal cords
голосовать
to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way
произносить ясно
(linguistics) to express a concept, thought, or idea in a foreign language
зашифровать
to speak with involuntary stops and repetitions of certain words
заикаться
to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable
пунктировать
(grammar) to divide a sentence into its grammatical constituents, identifying the syntactic role of each part
делать грамматический разбор
to say the exact sentence or group of words someone else used in a movie, book, etc.
цитировать
(phonetics) to omit or leave out a vowel or a syllable in the pronunciation of a word
пропускать
to insert a morpheme or affix within a word, typically by placing it in the middle of a root or base form
инфиксировать