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Linguistik - Ord relaterade till lingvistik

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till lingvistik som "bindestreck", "markör" och "korpus".

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Words Related to Linguistics
form
[Substantiv]

the shape of a word, phrase, sentence or discourse

form, konfiguration

form, konfiguration

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grammar
[Substantiv]

the study or use of words and the way they are put together or changed to make sentences

grammatik, syntax

grammatik, syntax

Ex: We studied verb tenses in our grammar class today .Vi studerade verbens tempus i vår **grammatik**lektion idag.
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natural language
[Substantiv]

any human language that has developed organically over time for communication purposes, distinguishing it from constructed or artificial languages

naturligt språk, naturspåk

naturligt språk, naturspåk

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a language deliberately created by humans for specific purposes, such as international communication or fictional settings, rather than evolving naturally over time

konstgjort språk, konstruerat språk

konstgjort språk, konstruerat språk

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a language intentionally created by individuals or groups, often for specific purposes, such as improving communication, facilitating learning, or serving fictional or artistic purposes

konstruerat språk, artificiellt språk

konstruerat språk, artificiellt språk

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markedness
[Substantiv]

the asymmetrical relationship between linguistic forms or features, where one form or feature is considered more "marked" or less typical than another

markeradhet, språklig asymmetri

markeradhet, språklig asymmetri

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dictionary
[Substantiv]

a book or electronic resource that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings, or gives the equivalent words in a different language

ordbok, lexikon

ordbok, lexikon

Ex: When learning a new language, it's helpful to keep a bilingual dictionary on hand.När man lär sig ett nytt språk är det bra att ha en tvåspråkig **ordbok** till hands.
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entry word
[Substantiv]

the specific word or form that serves as the main or primary lexical entry in a dictionary or reference work, typically representing the headword or base form of a word from which various inflected forms and derived words are derived

ingångsord, uppslagsord

ingångsord, uppslagsord

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anglophone
[Substantiv]

a person or a community of people whose first language or primary language is English

anglofon

anglofon

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spoken word
[Substantiv]

an utterance expressed in speech rather than written form

talat ord, uttalat ord

talat ord, uttalat ord

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syntax
[Substantiv]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

syntax, grammatisk struktur

syntax, grammatisk struktur

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
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corpus
[Substantiv]

a large and structured collection of authentic texts or spoken language samples, used for linguistic analysis and research purposes

korpus, textsamling

korpus, textsamling

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translation
[Substantiv]

the process of changing written or spoken words from one language to another while maintaining the same meaning

översättning

översättning

Ex: His translation of the poem captured the beauty of the original .
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sign language
[Substantiv]

a system used to communicate with deaf people that involves using hands and body gestures instead of words

teckenspråk, teckenspråket

teckenspråk, teckenspråket

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the hypothetical language that is believed to be the root of all Indo-European languages

proto-indoeuropeiska, gemensam indoeuropeiska

proto-indoeuropeiska, gemensam indoeuropeiska

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orthography
[Substantiv]

the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols

ortografi, stavningssystem

ortografi, stavningssystem

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emic unit
[Substantiv]

a meaningful unit of analysis that is derived from within the specific cultural or linguistic context being studied, taking into account the perspectives and interpretations of the individuals or community under investigation

emisk enhet, emisk entitet

emisk enhet, emisk entitet

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quote
[Substantiv]

a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting

citat, utdrag

citat, utdrag

Ex: " The only thing we have to fear is fear itself , " remains one of Franklin D. Roosevelt 's most memorable quotes from his inaugural address ."Det enda vi har att frukta är rädslan i sig", förblir ett av Franklin D. Roosevelts mest minnesvärda **citat** från hans installationsadress.
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exclamation
[Substantiv]

a sudden and short sound, word or phrase, uttered to express anger, excitement, etc.

utrop, rop

utrop, rop

Ex: He muttered an exclamation under his breath after hearing the bad news .Han muttrade en **utrop** under sin andedräkt efter att ha hört de dåliga nyheterna.
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jargon
[Substantiv]

language that is considered to be meaningless or obscure, used to impress or confuse people rather than to convey information

jargong, obegripligt språk

jargong, obegripligt språk

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marker
[Substantiv]

a linguistic element or feature that signals or indicates a specific grammatical, semantic, or pragmatic function within a language

markör, indikator

markör, indikator

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phraseme
[Substantiv]

a fixed or semi-fixed phrase or expression with a specific meaning or function that extends beyond the sum of its individual words

frasem, fast uttryck

frasem, fast uttryck

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a concept in linguistics that suggests that the structure and vocabulary of a language shape the thoughts and perception of its speakers, influencing their worldview and cognition

språklig determinism, språkdeterminism

språklig determinism, språkdeterminism

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reflexivity
[Substantiv]

a grammatical or semantic property of a language or construction that indicates that the subject of a verb is also the object or recipient of the action performed by the subject, creating a self-referential or reflective relationship within the sentence

reflexivitet, den reflexiva egenskapen

reflexivitet, den reflexiva egenskapen

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to agree
[Verb]

(grammar) to have the same grammatical number, gender, case or person

överensstämma, hålla med

överensstämma, hålla med

Ex: "She loves to dance" is correct because the verb agrees with the singular subject."Hon älskar att dansa" är korrekt eftersom verbet **överensstämmer** med det singulara subjektet.
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(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

böja

böja

Ex: The linguistics professor explained how different languages conjugate verbs differently based on their grammatical structures.Lingvistikprofessorn förklarade hur olika språk **böjer** verb olika beroende på deras grammatiska strukturer.
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(grammar) to inflect or state the different forms of a noun, pronoun or adjective according to gender, number, etc.

böja, deklinera (i grammatiskt sammanhang)

böja, deklinera (i grammatiskt sammanhang)

Ex: Students often struggle with Latin grammar because they need to memorize how to decline nouns and pronouns in different cases .Studenter kämpar ofta med latinsk grammatik eftersom de behöver memorera hur man **böjer** substantiv och pronomen i olika fall.
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to spell
[Verb]

to write or say the letters that form a word one by one in the right order

stava, skriva korrekt

stava, skriva korrekt

Ex: We should spell our last names when making reservations to avoid any misunderstandings .Vi bör **stava** våra efternamn när vi gör bokningar för att undvika missförstånd.
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(phonetics) to pronounce a vowel or a consonant with a strongly released breath

aspirera, uttala med en stark utandning

aspirera, uttala med en stark utandning

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to roll
[Verb]

(phonetics) to pronounce the /r/ sound with an alveolar trill

rulla

rulla

Ex: Language learners may spend time practicing the skill of rolling ' r ' sounds to achieve accurate pronunciation in various languages .Språkinlärare kan tillbringa tid med att öva färdigheten att **rulla** 'r'-ljud för att uppnå korrekt uttal i olika språk.
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to stress
[Verb]

(phonetics) to utter a syllable in a word or phrase with more emphasis

betona, lägga tonvikt på

betona, lägga tonvikt på

Ex: When pronouncing compound words like " football , " we typically stress the first syllable : FOOT-ball .När vi uttalar sammansatta ord som "fotboll" brukar vi **betona** den första stavelsen: FOOT-boll.
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to voice
[Verb]

(phonetics) to articulate a speech sound with the vibration of the vocal cords

sonorera, vibrera

sonorera, vibrera

Ex: The linguist explained how to voice the voiced velar plosive " ɡ " by engaging the back of the tongue against the soft palate .Lingvisten förklarade hur man **stämmer** den tonande velara klusilen "ɡ" genom att engagera baksidan av tungan mot den mjuka gommen.
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to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

artikulera, uttala tydligt

artikulera, uttala tydligt

Ex: In the speech therapy session , he worked on how to articulate difficult sounds .Under logopedisessionen arbetade han med hur man **artikulerar** svåra ljud.
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to encode
[Verb]

(linguistics) to express a concept, thought, or idea in a foreign language

koda, uttrycka

koda, uttrycka

Ex: The international author skillfully encoded her stories in various languages .Den internationella författaren skickligt **kodade** sina berättelser på olika språk.
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to drill
[Verb]

to learn by repetition and practice

öva, upprepa

öva, upprepa

Ex: The language students drilled vocabulary and grammar exercises to improve their fluency .Språkstudenterna **tränade** ord- och grammatikövningar för att förbättra sin flyt.
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to gabble
[Verb]

to utter words rapidly and without making sense

pladdra, tala snabbt och utan mening

pladdra, tala snabbt och utan mening

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to speak with involuntary stops and repetitions of certain words

stamma, hacka

stamma, hacka

Ex: Overwhelmed by emotion , she began to stammer through her tearful apology .Överväldigad av känslor började hon **stamma** under sin tårfyllda ursäkt.
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to make an error or repeated errors while speaking

snubbla, stamma

snubbla, stamma

Ex: Anxiety caused him to stumble while presenting his findings to the academic committee .Ångest fick honom att **snubbla** när han presenterade sina fynd för den akademiska kommittén.
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to divide or connect by a hyphen in writing

bindestreck, dela eller ansluta med bindestreck

bindestreck, dela eller ansluta med bindestreck

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to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

interpunktion

interpunktion

Ex: Learning how to punctuate complex sentences with colons and dashes can greatly improve your writing style and clarity .Att lära sig hur man **punktuerar** komplexa meningar med kolon och tankstreck kan avsevärt förbättra din skrivstil och tydlighet.
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to parse
[Verb]

(grammar) to divide a sentence into its grammatical constituents, identifying the syntactic role of each part

analysera, sönderdela

analysera, sönderdela

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to quote
[Verb]

to say the exact sentence or group of words someone else used in a movie, book, etc.

citera, återge

citera, återge

Ex: The politician quoted Winston Churchill , saying , " Success is not final , failure is not fatal : It is the courage to continue that counts . "Politikern **citerade** Winston Churchill och sa: "Framgång är inte slutgiltig, misslyckande är inte dödligt: det är modet att fortsätta som räknas."
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to elide
[Verb]

(phonetics) to omit or leave out a vowel or a syllable in the pronunciation of a word

elidera, utelämna

elidera, utelämna

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to infix
[Verb]

to insert a morpheme or affix within a word, typically by placing it in the middle of a root or base form

infoga ett infix, sätta in ett morfem eller affix i ett ord

infoga ett infix, sätta in ett morfem eller affix i ett ord

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