اللغويات - الكلمات المتعلقة باللسانيات

the shape of a word, phrase, sentence or discourse

هيكل

the study or use of words and the way they are put together or changed to make sentences

قواعد

any human language that has developed organically over time for communication purposes, distinguishing it from constructed or artificial languages

لغة طبيعية

a language deliberately created by humans for specific purposes, such as international communication or fictional settings, rather than evolving naturally over time

لغة مصطنعة

a language intentionally created by individuals or groups, often for specific purposes, such as improving communication, facilitating learning, or serving fictional or artistic purposes

لغة مبنية

the asymmetrical relationship between linguistic forms or features, where one form or feature is considered more "marked" or less typical than another

علامة

a book or electronic resource that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings, or gives the equivalent words in a different language

قاموس

the specific word or form that serves as the main or primary lexical entry in a dictionary or reference work, typically representing the headword or base form of a word from which various inflected forms and derived words are derived

كلمة الدخول

a person or a community of people whose first language or primary language is English

الناطقة باللغة الإنجليزية

an utterance expressed in speech rather than written form

الكلمة المنطوقة

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

النحو (علم اللغة)

a large and structured collection of authentic texts or spoken language samples, used for linguistic analysis and research purposes

الجزء الأساسي

the process of changing written or spoken words from one language to another while maintaining the same meaning

ترجمة

a system used to communicate with deaf people that involves using hands and body gestures instead of words

لغة الإشارة

the hypothetical language that is believed to be the root of all Indo-European languages

بروتو الهندو أوروبية

the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols

علم الإملاء

a meaningful unit of analysis that is derived from within the specific cultural or linguistic context being studied, taking into account the perspectives and interpretations of the individuals or community under investigation

وحدة EMIC

a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting

تعليق

a sudden and short sound, word or phrase, uttered to express anger, excitement, etc.

علامة تعجب

language that is considered to be meaningless or obscure, used to impress or confuse people rather than to convey information

رطانة

a linguistic element or feature that signals or indicates a specific grammatical, semantic, or pragmatic function within a language

علامة

a fixed or semi-fixed phrase or expression with a specific meaning or function that extends beyond the sum of its individual words

عبارة

a concept in linguistics that suggests that the structure and vocabulary of a language shape the thoughts and perception of its speakers, influencing their worldview and cognition

الحتمية اللغوية

a grammatical or semantic property of a language or construction that indicates that the subject of a verb is also the object or recipient of the action performed by the subject, creating a self-referential or reflective relationship within the sentence

الانعكاسية

(grammar) to have the same grammatical number, gender, case or person

توافق

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

وحد

(grammar) to inflect or state the different forms of a noun, pronoun or adjective according to gender, number, etc.

رفض

to write or say the letters that form a word one by one in the right order

سحر

(phonetics) to pronounce a vowel or a consonant with a strongly released breath

لفظ بملء النفس

(phonetics) to pronounce the /r/ sound with an alveolar trill

تدحرج

(phonetics) to utter a syllable in a word or phrase with more emphasis

ضغط

(phonetics) to articulate a speech sound with the vibration of the vocal cords

عبر

to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

(linguistics) to express a concept, thought, or idea in a foreign language

حظيرة

to learn by repetition and practice

حفر

to utter words rapidly and without making sense

كثير الكلام

to speak with involuntary stops and repetitions of certain words

تلجلج

to make an error or repeated errors while speaking

to divide or connect by a hyphen in writing

ربط الكلمات بالواصلة

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

نقط

(grammar) to divide a sentence into its grammatical constituents, identifying the syntactic role of each part

تعرب الكلمة

to say the exact sentence or group of words someone else used in a movie, book, etc.

اقتبس

(phonetics) to omit or leave out a vowel or a syllable in the pronunciation of a word

رخم

to insert a morpheme or affix within a word, typically by placing it in the middle of a root or base form

أقحم