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Linguistics - Words Related to Linguistics

Here you will learn some English words related to linguistics such as "hyphenate", "marker", and "corpus".

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Words Related to Linguistics
form
[noun]

the shape of a word, phrase, sentence or discourse

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grammar
[noun]

the study or use of words and the way they are put together or changed to make sentences

Ex: We studied verb tenses in our grammar class today .
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any human language that has developed organically over time for communication purposes, distinguishing it from constructed or artificial languages

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a language deliberately created by humans for specific purposes, such as international communication or fictional settings, rather than evolving naturally over time

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a language intentionally created by individuals or groups, often for specific purposes, such as improving communication, facilitating learning, or serving fictional or artistic purposes

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the asymmetrical relationship between linguistic forms or features, where one form or feature is considered more "marked" or less typical than another

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a book or electronic resource that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings, or gives the equivalent words in a different language

Ex: When learning a new language, it's helpful to keep a bilingual dictionary on hand.
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the specific word or form that serves as the main or primary lexical entry in a dictionary or reference work, typically representing the headword or base form of a word from which various inflected forms and derived words are derived

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a person or a community of people whose first language or primary language is English

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an utterance expressed in speech rather than written form

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syntax
[noun]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
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corpus
[noun]

a large and structured collection of authentic texts or spoken language samples, used for linguistic analysis and research purposes

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the process of changing written or spoken words from one language to another while maintaining the same meaning

Ex: His translation of the poem captured the beauty of the original .
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a system used to communicate with deaf people that involves using hands and body gestures instead of words

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the hypothetical language that is believed to be the root of all Indo-European languages

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the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols

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emic unit
[noun]

a meaningful unit of analysis that is derived from within the specific cultural or linguistic context being studied, taking into account the perspectives and interpretations of the individuals or community under investigation

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quote
[noun]

a sentence from a speech, book, etc. that is repeated somewhere else because it is wise or interesting

Ex: " The only thing we have to fear is fear itself , " remains one of Franklin D. Roosevelt 's most memorable quotes from his inaugural address .
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a sudden and short sound, word or phrase, uttered to express anger, excitement, etc.

Ex: He muttered an exclamation under his breath after hearing the bad news .
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jargon
[noun]

language that is considered to be meaningless or obscure, used to impress or confuse people rather than to convey information

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marker
[noun]

a linguistic element or feature that signals or indicates a specific grammatical, semantic, or pragmatic function within a language

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phraseme
[noun]

a fixed or semi-fixed phrase or expression with a specific meaning or function that extends beyond the sum of its individual words

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a concept in linguistics that suggests that the structure and vocabulary of a language shape the thoughts and perception of its speakers, influencing their worldview and cognition

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a grammatical or semantic property of a language or construction that indicates that the subject of a verb is also the object or recipient of the action performed by the subject, creating a self-referential or reflective relationship within the sentence

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to agree
[Verb]

(grammar) to have the same grammatical number, gender, case or person

Ex: "She loves to dance" is correct because the verb agrees with the singular subject.
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(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

Ex: The linguistics professor explained how different languages conjugate verbs differently based on their grammatical structures.
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(grammar) to inflect or state the different forms of a noun, pronoun or adjective according to gender, number, etc.

Ex: Students often struggle with Latin grammar because they need to memorize how to decline nouns and pronouns in different cases .
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to spell
[Verb]

to write or say the letters that form a word one by one in the right order

Ex: We should spell our last names when making reservations to avoid any misunderstandings .
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(phonetics) to pronounce a vowel or a consonant with a strongly released breath

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to roll
[Verb]

(phonetics) to pronounce the /r/ sound with an alveolar trill

Ex: Language learners may spend time practicing the skill of rolling ' r ' sounds to achieve accurate pronunciation in various languages .
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to stress
[Verb]

(phonetics) to utter a syllable in a word or phrase with more emphasis

Ex: When pronouncing compound words like " football , " we typically stress the first syllable : FOOT-ball .
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to voice
[Verb]

(phonetics) to articulate a speech sound with the vibration of the vocal cords

Ex: The linguist explained how to voice the voiced velar plosive " ɡ " by engaging the back of the tongue against the soft palate .
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to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

Ex: In the speech therapy session , he worked on how to articulate difficult sounds .
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to encode
[Verb]

(linguistics) to express a concept, thought, or idea in a foreign language

Ex: The international author skillfully encoded her stories in various languages .
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to drill
[Verb]

to learn by repetition and practice

Ex: The language students drilled vocabulary and grammar exercises to improve their fluency .
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to gabble
[Verb]

to utter words rapidly and without making sense

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to speak with involuntary stops and repetitions of certain words

Ex: Overwhelmed by emotion , she began to stammer through her tearful apology .
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to make an error or repeated errors while speaking

Ex: Anxiety caused him to stumble while presenting his findings to the academic committee .
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to divide or connect by a hyphen in writing

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to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

Ex: Learning how to punctuate complex sentences with colons and dashes can greatly improve your writing style and clarity .
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to parse
[Verb]

(grammar) to divide a sentence into its grammatical constituents, identifying the syntactic role of each part

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to quote
[Verb]

to say the exact sentence or group of words someone else used in a movie, book, etc.

Ex: The politician quoted Winston Churchill , saying , " Success is not final , failure is not fatal : It is the courage to continue that counts . "
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to elide
[Verb]

(phonetics) to omit or leave out a vowel or a syllable in the pronunciation of a word

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to infix
[Verb]

to insert a morpheme or affix within a word, typically by placing it in the middle of a root or base form

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