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ACT 数学と評価 - Geometry

ここでは、ACT のエースに役立つ「接線」、「頂点」、「楕円」など、​​幾何学に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
slope

the measure of how steep a line is, found by dividing the change in height by the change in horizontal distance

傾き, スロープ

傾き, スロープ

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[名詞]
arc

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

弧

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[名詞]
radian

a unit for measuring angles, defined by the angle made when the radius of a circle is laid along its edge

ラジアン, 角度の測定単位

ラジアン, 角度の測定単位

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[名詞]
radius

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

半径

半径

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[名詞]
diameter

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

直径

直径

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[名詞]
perimeter

the total length of the external boundary of something

周囲

周囲

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[名詞]
circumference

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

円周

円周

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[名詞]
area

the measurement of a piece of land or a flat surface

面積, エリア

面積, エリア

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[名詞]
volume

the amount of space that a substance or object takes or the amount of space inside an object

体積, ボリューム

体積, ボリューム

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[名詞]
angle

the space between two lines or surfaces that are joined, measured in degrees or radians

角度

角度

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[名詞]
right angle

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

直角, 90度の角度

直角, 90度の角度

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[名詞]
vertical angle

one of a pair of opposite angles made by two intersecting lines, which are always equal

垂直角, 対角

垂直角, 対角

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[名詞]
interior angle

an angle formed between two sides of a polygon that lies inside the shape

内角, 内部角

内角, 内部角

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[名詞]
acute angle

an angle that measures between 0 and 90 degrees, which is less than a right angle (90 degrees)

鋭角,  acute angle

鋭角, acute angle

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[名詞]
consecutive angle

pairs of angles that share a common side and vertex in a polygon or between intersecting lines

連続角, 隣接角

連続角, 隣接角

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[名詞]
obtuse

(of angle) greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

鈍角, 鈍い

鈍角, 鈍い

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[形容詞]
protractor

a measuring instrument used to measure and draw angles

分度器, 角度計

分度器, 角度計

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[名詞]
perpendicular

(of lines or planes) intersecting each other at a 90 degree angle

垂直の

垂直の

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[形容詞]
polygon

(geometry) a flat shape consisting of three or more straight sides

多角形

多角形

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[名詞]
parallelogram

(geometry) any flat shape with four straight sides, the opposite sides of which are equal and parallel to each other

平行四辺形

平行四辺形

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[名詞]
tetrahedral

characterized by or resembling a tetrahedron, which has four triangular faces

四面体の

四面体の

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[形容詞]
trapezoid

(geometry) a flat shape with four flat sides, two of which are parallel

台形

台形

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[名詞]
pentagon

a geometric shape with five angles and five straight sides

五角形

五角形

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[名詞]
quadrilateral

(geometry) a flat figure with four straight sides and four angles

四角形, 四辺形

四角形, 四辺形

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[名詞]
rhombus

(geometry) a flat shape with four equal sides in which opposite angles are equal

ひし形, ロムバス

ひし形, ロムバス

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[名詞]
epicycle

a small circle whose center moves around the circumference of a larger circle

エピサイクル

エピサイクル

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[名詞]
hyperbola

a geometric curve formed by the intersection of a plane with two cones, resulting in two symmetrical branches

双曲線

双曲線

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[名詞]
parabola

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

放物線

放物線

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[名詞]
ellipse

(geometry) a closed plane curve that has two focal points

楕円

楕円

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[名詞]
right triangle

a flat geometric shape consisting of three straight sides and one right angle

直角三角形, 直角を持つ三角形

直角三角形, 直角を持つ三角形

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[名詞]
acute triangle

a triangle in which all three interior angles are less than 90 degrees

鋭角三角形, 鋭角の三角形

鋭角三角形, 鋭角の三角形

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[名詞]
equilateral triangle

a type of triangle with all three sides of equal length

正三角形, 等辺三角形

正三角形, 等辺三角形

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[名詞]
scalene triangle

a type of triangle that has all three sides of different lengths

不等辺三角形, 不規則な三角形

不等辺三角形, 不規則な三角形

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[名詞]
isosceles

describing a triangle with at least two sides of equal length

等脚

等脚

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[形容詞]
hypotenuse

the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

斜辺

斜辺

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[名詞]
right circular cylinder

a three-dimensional geometric shape with two parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface at a right angle to the bases

直円柱

直円柱

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[名詞]
rectangular pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape that has a rectangular base and four triangular faces that meet at a single point called the apex

長方形のピラミッド, 長方形基底のピラミッド

長方形のピラミッド, 長方形基底のピラミッド

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[名詞]
asymmetry

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

非対称

非対称

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[名詞]
vertex

a point where two or more lines, edges, or rays meet to form an angle, or the point at which the sides of a polygon intersect

頂点, 角点

頂点, 角点

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[名詞]
diagonal

(geometry) a straight line that joins the opposite corners of a flat shape at an angle

対角線

対角線

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[名詞]
congruent

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

合同の, 一致する

合同の, 一致する

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[形容詞]
base

the side of a geometric shape, usually the one considered as the bottom, from which the height is measured

底辺, 基底

底辺, 基底

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[名詞]
parallel

(mathematics) any of the pair of geometric figures such as lines or planes which do not meet or intersect

平行線

平行線

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[名詞]
line of symmetry

a line that divides a shape into two congruent parts

対称の線, 対称軸

対称の線, 対称軸

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[名詞]
geometric series

a series of numbers in which each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed, non-zero number

等比数列

等比数列

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[名詞]
surface area

the total area that the surface of a three-dimensional object occupies

表面積, サーフェスエリア

表面積, サーフェスエリア

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[名詞]
transversal

(of a line) intersecting two or more other lines at different points

横断的, 交差する

横断的, 交差する

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[形容詞]
quadrant

one-fourth of a circle, formed by two perpendicular radii and the connecting arc

区分

区分

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[名詞]
asymptote

a straight line that a curve approaches indefinitely but never intersects, characterizing the limiting behavior of the curve

漸近線

漸近線

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[名詞]
to bisect

to divide something into two equal parts

二等分する, 分割する

二等分する, 分割する

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[動詞]
tangent

a straight line that touches a curve or surface at exactly one point, known as the point of tangency

接線

接線

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[名詞]
chord

a straight line segment that connects two points on the edge of a circle

弦, コルド

弦, コルド

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[名詞]
to translate

(geometry) to move a shape or figure from one position to another without rotating, resizing, or otherwise altering its shape

平行移動する, 移動させる

平行移動する, 移動させる

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[動詞]
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