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ACT 数学与评估 - Geometry

在这里你将学习一些与几何相关的英语单词,例如“tangent”、“vertex”、“ellipse”等,这将帮助你在ACT考试中取得好成绩。

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ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
slope
[名词]

the measure of how steep a line is, found by dividing the change in height by the change in horizontal distance

斜率, 坡度

斜率, 坡度

Ex: When graphing data , slope indicates the rate of change between variables .
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arc
[名词]

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

弧, 圆弧

弧, 圆弧

Ex: When measuring arc, it is important to identify the center of the circle .
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radian
[名词]

a unit for measuring angles, defined by the angle made when the radius of a circle is laid along its edge

弧度, 半径角

弧度, 半径角

Ex: Knowing the relationship between degrees radians is essential for trigonometry .
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radius
[名词]

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

半径, 半径长度

半径, 半径长度

Ex: radius of a planet determines its gravitational influence and orbital characteristics within a solar system .
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diameter
[名词]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

直径, 直线直径

直径, 直线直径

Ex: The technician used a caliper to determine diameter of the bearings needed for the machinery repair .
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perimeter
[名词]

the total length of the external boundary of something

周长, 周界

周长, 周界

Ex: The science project required students to build a model volcano and measure perimeter of its base for stability analysis .
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(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

周长, 圆周

周长, 圆周

Ex: The mathematician used circumference to solve the geometry problem .
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area
[名词]

the measurement of a piece of land or a flat surface

面积, 区域

面积, 区域

Ex: area can be expressed in square units , such as square meters or square feet .
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volume
[名词]

the amount of space that a substance or object takes or the amount of space inside an object

体积, 容积

体积, 容积

Ex: volume of water in the tank is monitored regularly .
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angle
[名词]

the space between two lines or surfaces that are joined, measured in degrees or radians

角度, 角

角度, 角

Ex: Understanding angles is essential in geometry for solving problems .
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right angle
[名词]

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

直角, 90度角

直角, 90度角

Ex: The carpenter adjusted the miter saw to cut the molding at a right angle for seamless installation .
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one of a pair of opposite angles made by two intersecting lines, which are always equal

对顶角, 垂直角

对顶角, 垂直角

Ex: If one vertical angle is 45 degrees , the vertical angle must also be 45 degrees .
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an angle formed between two sides of a polygon that lies inside the shape

内部角, 内角

内部角, 内角

Ex: interior angles of an octagon sum up to 1080 degrees .
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acute angle
[名词]

an angle that measures between 0 and 90 degrees, which is less than a right angle (90 degrees)

锐角, 锐角度

锐角, 锐角度

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pairs of angles that share a common side and vertex in a polygon or between intersecting lines

连续角, 相邻角

连续角, 相邻角

Ex: A regular polygon has consecutive angles, each angle having the same measure .
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obtuse
[形容词]

(of angle) greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

钝角的, 钝的

钝角的, 钝的

Ex: The sailboat changed course, steering away from the rocks to avoid sailing into the obtuse angle formed by the cliffs.
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protractor
[名词]

a measuring instrument used to measure and draw angles

量角器, 角度器

量角器, 角度器

Ex: The engineer used protractor to measure the angle of the roof in the blueprint .
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perpendicular
[形容词]

(of lines or planes) intersecting each other at a 90 degree angle

垂直的, 正交的

垂直的, 正交的

Ex: The artist drew perpendicular line from the edge of the canvas to start his sketch .
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polygon
[名词]

(geometry) a flat shape consisting of three or more straight sides

多边形, 多角形

多边形, 多角形

Ex: Polygons can be classified based on the number of their sides , such as pentagons and hexagons .
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(geometry) any flat shape with four straight sides, the opposite sides of which are equal and parallel to each other

平行四边形, 平行四边形状

平行四边形, 平行四边形状

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tetrahedral
[形容词]

characterized by or resembling a tetrahedron, which has four triangular faces

四面体的, 四面体形状的

四面体的, 四面体形状的

Ex: The buildingtetrahedral structure provided both aesthetic appeal and structural stability .
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trapezoid
[名词]

(geometry) a flat shape with four flat sides, two of which are parallel

梯形, 平行四边形

梯形, 平行四边形

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pentagon
[名词]

a geometric shape with five angles and five straight sides

五边形, 五角形

五边形, 五角形

Ex: She drew pentagon on the chalkboard to illustrate its shape to the students .
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(geometry) a flat figure with four straight sides and four angles

四边形, 四角形

四边形, 四角形

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rhombus
[名词]

(geometry) a flat shape with four equal sides in which opposite angles are equal

菱形, 平行四边形

菱形, 平行四边形

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epicycle
[名词]

a small circle whose center moves around the circumference of a larger circle

小圆周, 小圆圈

小圆周, 小圆圈

Ex: When the center of the epicycle moves along the circumference of the deferent, the resulting path of a point on the epicycle is known as an epicycloid.
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hyperbola
[名词]

a geometric curve formed by the intersection of a plane with two cones, resulting in two symmetrical branches

双曲线, 超曲线

双曲线, 超曲线

Ex: Hyperbolas find applications in engineering, particularly in the design of antennas and satellite orbits.
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parabola
[名词]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

抛物线, 对称开口曲线

抛物线, 对称开口曲线

Ex: The quadratic function ’s graph is always parabola.
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ellipse
[名词]

(geometry) a closed plane curve that has two focal points

椭圆, 椭圆形

椭圆, 椭圆形

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a flat geometric shape consisting of three straight sides and one right angle

直角三角形, 右三角形

直角三角形, 右三角形

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a triangle in which all three interior angles are less than 90 degrees

锐角三角形, 锐角三角形体

锐角三角形, 锐角三角形体

Ex: When constructing acute triangle, ensure that the sum of any two angles is greater than the third angle .
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a type of triangle with all three sides of equal length

等边三角形, 等长三角形

等边三角形, 等长三角形

Ex: The traffic sign warned of an upcoming intersection with equilateral triangle symbol .
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a type of triangle that has all three sides of different lengths

不等边三角形, 杂角三角形

不等边三角形, 杂角三角形

Ex: The roof of the house had a scalene triangle design .
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isosceles
[形容词]

describing a triangle with at least two sides of equal length

等腰的, 等边的

等腰的, 等边的

Ex: The architect designed the roof of the house in the shape of an isosceles triangle.
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hypotenuse
[名词]

the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

斜边, 斜侧

斜边, 斜侧

Ex: Trigonometric ratios like sine , cosine , and tangent involve the relationship between the sides of a right triangle , including hypotenuse.
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a three-dimensional geometric shape with two parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface at a right angle to the bases

正圆柱, 直圆柱

正圆柱, 直圆柱

Ex: The sculpture featured a series right circular cylinders of varying heights and radii stacked on top of each other .
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a three-dimensional geometric shape that has a rectangular base and four triangular faces that meet at a single point called the apex

矩形金字塔, 长方体金字塔

矩形金字塔, 长方体金字塔

Ex: The height of rectangular pyramid is measured from the apex perpendicular to the center of the rectangular base .
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asymmetry
[名词]

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

不对称, 非对称

不对称, 非对称

Ex: asymmetry helps in understanding how shapes differ from being perfectly symmetrical .
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vertex
[名词]

a point where two or more lines, edges, or rays meet to form an angle, or the point at which the sides of a polygon intersect

顶点, 角点

顶点, 角点

Ex: In a cube , each of the eight corners is vertex formed by the meeting of three edges .
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diagonal
[名词]

a straight line connecting opposite corners of a flat shape at an angle

对角线, 斜线

对角线, 斜线

Ex: The length of the diagonal determines the size of the square.
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congruent
[形容词]

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

全等的, 相等的

全等的, 相等的

Ex: The two triangles are congruent because they have the same shape and size.
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base
[名词]

the side of a geometric shape, usually the one considered as the bottom, from which the height is measured

底边, 基底

底边, 基底

Ex: For calculating the volume of a pyramid , you need to know the area of base and the height .
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parallel
[名词]

a pair of geometric figures, such as lines or planes, that do not meet or intersect, no matter how far they are extended

平行线, 平行面

平行线, 平行面

Ex: The design features two parallels that run alongside each other .
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a line that divides a shape into two congruent parts

对称轴, 对称线

对称轴, 对称线

Ex: The butterfly 's wings have line of symmetry running along its body , making each wing a mirror image of the other .
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a series of numbers in which each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed, non-zero number

几何级数, 几何数列

几何级数, 几何数列

Ex: In geometric series, if the common ratio is greater than 1 , the series will diverge .
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surface area
[名词]

the total area that the surface of a three-dimensional object occupies

表面面积, 表面积

表面面积, 表面积

Ex: surface area is essential for packaging design to minimize material use .
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transversal
[形容词]

(of a line) intersecting two or more other lines at different points

横切的, 横向的

横切的, 横向的

Ex: transversal beams supported the structure at different angles .
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quadrant
[名词]

one-fourth of a circle, formed by two perpendicular radii and the connecting arc

象限, 四分之一圆

象限, 四分之一圆

Ex: The quadrant shape is often used in various engineering and architectural designs.
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asymptote
[名词]

a straight line that a curve approaches indefinitely but never intersects, characterizing the limiting behavior of the curve

渐近线, 渐近曲线

渐近线, 渐近曲线

Ex: Exponential functions may exhibit asymptotes, indicating stability in the long run .
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to bisect
[动词]

to divide something into two equal parts

平分, 二等分

平分, 二等分

Ex: He used a saw bisect the wooden plank for the woodworking project .
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tangent
[名词]

a straight line that touches a curve or surface at exactly one point, known as the point of tangency

切线, 切触线

切线, 切触线

Ex: The artist 's sketch showed a spiral with tangent lines , illustrating the various points of contact .
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chord
[名词]

a straight line segment that connects two points on the edge of a circle

弦, 和弦

弦, 和弦

Ex: The radius of a circle bisects chord that it is perpendicular to .
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to translate
[动词]

(geometry) to move a shape or figure from one position to another without rotating, resizing, or otherwise altering its shape

平移, 移动

平移, 移动

Ex: In geometry, to translate a shape means to slide it horizontally, vertically, or both, without altering its orientation.
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