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C1 Woordenlijst - Geschiedenis en artefacten

Hier leer je enkele Engelse woorden over geschiedenis en artefacten, zoals "carriage", "dungeon", "abolition", enz., voorbereid voor C1-leerlingen.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
archive
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a place or a collection of records or documents of historical importance

archief, documentenarchief

archief, documentenarchief

Ex: archive of the newspaper provides a valuable resource for studying local history and events .
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bibliography
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the study of books' history, their classification, production, editions, etc.

bibliografie, boekgeschiedenis

bibliografie, boekgeschiedenis

Ex: A bibliography of medieval manuscripts involves detailed analysis of script styles , illumination techniques , and parchment production .
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abolition
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the act of formally and completely ending a system, practice, institution, or law

afschaffing, opheffing

afschaffing, opheffing

Ex: Various countries have implemented laws and reforms to ensure abolition of child labor , aiming to protect the rights and well-being of children .
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battlefield
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

an area where a battle is being or was fought

slagveld, strijdveld

slagveld, strijdveld

Ex: Archaeologists discovered artifacts buried beneath battlefield, shedding light on ancient warfare techniques .
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shield
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a large piece of armor made of strong material, carried on the arm by soldiers in the past

schild, pantser

schild, pantser

Ex: In medieval times , knights adorned shields with colorful heraldic designs to identify their families .
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spear
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past

speer, lans

speer, lans

Ex: During the hunt , the tribesmen worked together to surround the wild boar and attack it spears.
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tomahawk
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a small-sized ax used by Native Americans for fighting or as a tool

tomahawk, bijl

tomahawk, bijl

Ex: The explorer admired the craftsmanship of the ornately tomahawk on display at the cultural center .
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bow
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a curved weapon joined at both ends by a string, capable of shooting arrows

boog, pijl en boog

boog, pijl en boog

Ex: The warriorbow was intricately carved , with symbols of protection etched along its length .
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dagger
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a short weapon with a pointed blade

dolk, stiletto

dolk, stiletto

Ex: In ancient timesdaggers were used for close combat and as tools for everyday tasks .
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cannon
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a large and powerful gun that was used in the past to fire stone or metal balls

kanon, geschut

kanon, geschut

Ex: Cannons played a crucial role in shaping the outcome of battles throughout history .
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carriage
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a vehicle with usually four wheels, pulled by one or more horses

koets, cabriolet

koets, cabriolet

Ex: The carriage was adorned with gold trim and velvet cushions for maximum comfort .
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chariot
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a vehicle with two wheels, drawn by horses, used in ancient times for warfare and racing

strijdwagen, wagens

strijdwagen, wagens

Ex: Archaeologists discovered chariot wheels buried in the desert sands .
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dungeon
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

an underground room in which prisoners were confined, particularly in a castle

kerker, donjon

kerker, donjon

Ex: She explored dungeon during the castle tour , imagining the hardships of those who were imprisoned there .
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fort
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a building or group of buildings used by troops to protect an area

fort, vesting

fort, vesting

Ex: fort's walls were reinforced with stone and earthworks to withstand sieges and assaults .
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conqueror
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

someone who forcibly takes control of a city or country and its citizens

overwinnaar, veroveraar

overwinnaar, veroveraar

Ex: Genghis Khan , a conqueror, expanded the Mongol Empire across vast regions of Asia and Europe .
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successor
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

opvolger, successor

opvolger, successor

Ex: The company was eager to find a successor to continue the founder 's legacy and lead it into the future .
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reign
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period that a monarch rules

heerschappij, regering

heerschappij, regering

Ex: The reign of the king saw significant advancements in arts and science throughout the kingdom .
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to crown
[werkwoord]

to place a crown on someone's head in a ceremony so that person officially becomes a king or queen

kronen, de kroon opzetten

kronen, de kroon opzetten

Ex: The citizens eagerly awaited the moment when the prince would crowned as the rightful heir to the throne .
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peasant
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

boer, landbouwer

boer, landbouwer

Ex: In many poorer countriespeasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .
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primitive
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitief, oudheid

primitief, oudheid

Ex: The island 's ecosystem still primitive species that have remained unchanged for centuries .
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datable
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

able to be dated to a specific time

daterable, te dateren

daterable, te dateren

Ex: The artifacts discovered in the tomb were datable due to the inscriptions that indicated the reign of a specific pharaoh .
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prehistoric
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

prehistorisch, voorhistorisch

prehistorisch, voorhistorisch

Ex: Researchers use carbon dating to determine the age prehistoric artifacts .
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ice age
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

ijstijd, ijstijdperk

ijstijd, ijstijdperk

Ex: Geological evidence suggests that ice age shaped many of the Earth 's current landscapes and ecosystems .
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Stone age
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

stenen tijdperk, steentijd

stenen tijdperk, steentijd

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Bronze Age
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Bronstijd, Bronze Tijd

Bronstijd, Bronze Tijd

Ex: Trade flourished during Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .
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Iron Age
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

ijzertijd, ijzeren tijdperk

ijzertijd, ijzeren tijdperk

Ex: Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .
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golden age
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a period of great prosperity and success, particularly in the past

gouden eeuw, gouden tijdperk

gouden eeuw, gouden tijdperk

Ex: golden age of Islam saw major contributions to science , medicine , and philosophy , influencing many future generations .
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medieval
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

middeleeuws, middeleeuwse

middeleeuws, middeleeuwse

Ex: Medieval armor and weapons are displayed in the exhibit on chivalric knights .
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Enlightenment
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

Verlichting, Verlichte tijd

Verlichting, Verlichte tijd

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civil war
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

burgeroorlog, intern conflict

burgeroorlog, intern conflict

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .
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colonial
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

related to a country that controls another territory or country

koloniaal, kolonialistisch

koloniaal, kolonialistisch

Ex: Colonial governments imposed taxes and tariffs on local populations to colonial administration and infrastructure projects .
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imperial
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

imperiaal, imperiaal van

imperiaal, imperiaal van

Ex: The decline of imperial system marked the end of an era in history .
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mythology
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mythologie, mythos

mythologie, mythos

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .
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industrial revolution
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the period of time in the 18th and 19th centuries that machines were used for the first time for mass production of goods, started in Britain

industriële revolutie, industrieële revolutie

industriële revolutie, industrieële revolutie

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pharaoh
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a title used for ancient Egyptian rulers

farao, farao's

farao, farao's

Ex: The role of pharaoh was central to Egyptian religion and society , representing the divine link between the gods and the people .
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archeology
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

archeologie, oudheidkunde

archeologie, oudheidkunde

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bloodline
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

all family members of a person over several generations, particularly a notable person

bloedlijn, afstamming

bloedlijn, afstamming

Ex: The geneticist studied the bloodline to trace hereditary traits and medical conditions across multiple generations .
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artifact
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

artefact, kunstvoorwerp

artefact, kunstvoorwerp

Ex: artifact, a beautifully carved statue , was a significant find that helped date the historical site .
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war-torn
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

(of a country or place) damaged or destroyed severely as an aftermath of war

oorlogsgetroffen, oorlogsslachtoffer

oorlogsgetroffen, oorlogsslachtoffer

Ex: Journalists reported from the heart of war-torn area , documenting the impact of ongoing conflict on civilians .
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ranged weapon
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

any weapon that is capable of hitting a target at a distance beyond the reach of hands

afstandswapen, verre schietwapen

afstandswapen, verre schietwapen

Ex: Hunters in the wild relied on their trusty crossbows as a silent and ranged weapon for taking down game .
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melee weapon
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a hand-held weapon such as a sword, spear, etc., used when one attacks enemies at a close range

nauwvechtwapen, close-combatwapen

nauwvechtwapen, close-combatwapen

Ex: Tribal warriors in ancient times crafted spears and axes as melee weapons for hunting and defense .
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machete
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a long knife that has a wide and heavy blade, used as a weapon or a tool to cut plants and trees

machete, hakmes

machete, hakmes

Ex: machete's sharp blade makes it a formidable weapon in self-defense and survival situations .
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spartan
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

relating to a city-state in ancient Greece called Sparta or its people

Spartaans, Spartaanse

Spartaans, Spartaanse

Ex: Spartan women enjoyed more rights and freedoms compared to other Greek city-states , participating actively in public life and sports .
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