قائمة كلمات المستوى C1 - التاريخ والآثار

a place or a collection of records or documents of historical importance

أرشيف

the study of books' history, their classification, production, editions, etc.

فهرس

the act of formally and completely ending a system, practice, institution, or law

إلغاء

an area where a battle is being or was fought

ساحة المعركة

a large piece of armor made of strong material, carried on the arm by soldiers in the past

درع

a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past

حربة

a small-sized ax used by Native Americans for fighting or as a tool

فأس قتال صغير

a curved weapon joined at both ends by a string, capable of shooting arrows

القوس (السلاح)

a short weapon with a pointed blade

خنجر

a large and powerful gun that was used in the past to fire stone or metal balls

مدفع

a vehicle with usually four wheels, pulled by one or more horses

نقل

a vehicle with two wheels, drawn by horses, used in ancient times for warfare and racing

عربة

an underground room in which prisoners were confined, particularly in a castle

زنزانة

a building or group of buildings used by troops to protect an area

حصن

someone who forcibly takes control of a city or country and its citizens

فاتح

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

خليفة الشخص

the period that a monarch rules

فترة الحكم

to place a crown on someone's head in a ceremony so that person officially becomes a king or queen

تتويج شخص ما

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

فلاح

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

بدائي (إنسان أو حيوان)

able to be dated to a specific time

قابل للبيانات

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

قبل التاريخ

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

العصر الجليدى

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

العصر الحجري

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

العصر البرونزي

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

عصر الحديد

a period of great prosperity and success, particularly in the past

عصر ذهبي

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, which was the period between the 5th and 15th centuries

في العصور الوسطى

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

عصر التنوير

a war that is between people who are in the same country

حرب أهلية

related to a country that controls another territory or country

الاستعماري

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

إمبراطوري

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

علم الأساطير

the period of time in the 18th and 19th centuries that machines were used for the first time for mass production of goods, started in Britain

ثورة صناعية

a title used for ancient Egyptian rulers

فرعون

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

علم الآثار

all family members of a person over several generations, particularly a notable person

سلف

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

نتاج صنعي

(of a country or place) damaged or destroyed severely as an aftermath of war

مزقتها الحرب

any weapon that is capable of hitting a target at a distance beyond the reach of hands

a hand-held weapon such as a sword, spear, etc., used when one attacks enemies at a close range

a long knife that has a wide and heavy blade, used as a weapon or a tool to cut plants and trees

منجل

relating to a city-state in ancient Greece called Sparta or its people

المتقشف