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Lista de Palavras Nível C1 - História e Artefatos

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre história e artefatos, como "carriage", "dungeon", "abolition" etc., preparadas para alunos C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
archive
[substantivo]

a place or a collection of records or documents of historical importance

arquivo, acervo

arquivo, acervo

Ex: archive of the newspaper provides a valuable resource for studying local history and events .
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bibliography
[substantivo]

the study of books' history, their classification, production, editions, etc.

bibliografia, biblioteconomia

bibliografia, biblioteconomia

Ex: A bibliography of medieval manuscripts involves detailed analysis of script styles , illumination techniques , and parchment production .
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abolition
[substantivo]

the act of formally and completely ending a system, practice, institution, or law

abolicionismo, abolição

abolicionismo, abolição

Ex: Various countries have implemented laws and reforms to ensure abolition of child labor , aiming to protect the rights and well-being of children .
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battlefield
[substantivo]

an area where a battle is being or was fought

campo de batalha, frente de combate

campo de batalha, frente de combate

Ex: Archaeologists discovered artifacts buried beneath battlefield, shedding light on ancient warfare techniques .
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shield
[substantivo]

a large piece of armor made of strong material, carried on the arm by soldiers in the past

escudo, protetor

escudo, protetor

Ex: In medieval times , knights adorned shields with colorful heraldic designs to identify their families .
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spear
[substantivo]

a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past

lança, dardo

lança, dardo

Ex: During the hunt , the tribesmen worked together to surround the wild boar and attack it spears.
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tomahawk
[substantivo]

a small-sized ax used by Native Americans for fighting or as a tool

machadinha, tomahawk

machadinha, tomahawk

Ex: The explorer admired the craftsmanship of the ornately tomahawk on display at the cultural center .
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bow
[substantivo]

a curved weapon joined at both ends by a string, capable of shooting arrows

arco, arco de flecha

arco, arco de flecha

Ex: The warriorbow was intricately carved , with symbols of protection etched along its length .
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dagger
[substantivo]

a short weapon with a pointed blade

punhal, adaga

punhal, adaga

Ex: In ancient timesdaggers were used for close combat and as tools for everyday tasks .
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cannon
[substantivo]

a large and powerful gun that was used in the past to fire stone or metal balls

canhão,  peça de artilharia

canhão, peça de artilharia

Ex: Cannons played a crucial role in shaping the outcome of battles throughout history .
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carriage
[substantivo]

a vehicle with usually four wheels, pulled by one or more horses

carruagem, coche

carruagem, coche

Ex: The carriage was adorned with gold trim and velvet cushions for maximum comfort .
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chariot
[substantivo]

a vehicle with two wheels, drawn by horses, used in ancient times for warfare and racing

carruagem, carro de guerra

carruagem, carro de guerra

Ex: Archaeologists discovered chariot wheels buried in the desert sands .
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dungeon
[substantivo]

an underground room in which prisoners were confined, particularly in a castle

masmorras, prisão subterrânea

masmorras, prisão subterrânea

Ex: She explored dungeon during the castle tour , imagining the hardships of those who were imprisoned there .
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fort
[substantivo]

a building or group of buildings used by troops to protect an area

forte, fortificação

forte, fortificação

Ex: fort's walls were reinforced with stone and earthworks to withstand sieges and assaults .
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conqueror
[substantivo]

someone who forcibly takes control of a city or country and its citizens

conquistador, vencedor

conquistador, vencedor

Ex: Genghis Khan , a conqueror, expanded the Mongol Empire across vast regions of Asia and Europe .
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successor
[substantivo]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

sucessor, sucessora

sucessor, sucessora

Ex: The company was eager to find a successor to continue the founder 's legacy and lead it into the future .
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reign
[substantivo]

the period that a monarch rules

reinado, reinado monárquico

reinado, reinado monárquico

Ex: The reign of the king saw significant advancements in arts and science throughout the kingdom .
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to crown
[verbo]

to place a crown on someone's head in a ceremony so that person officially becomes a king or queen

coroar, entronizar

coroar, entronizar

Ex: The citizens eagerly awaited the moment when the prince would crowned as the rightful heir to the throne .
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peasant
[substantivo]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

camponês, lavrador

camponês, lavrador

Ex: In many poorer countriespeasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .
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primitive
[adjetivo]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitivo, primitiva

primitivo, primitiva

Ex: The island 's ecosystem still primitive species that have remained unchanged for centuries .
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datable
[adjetivo]

able to be dated to a specific time

datável, datável a uma época específica

datável, datável a uma época específica

Ex: The artifacts discovered in the tomb were datable due to the inscriptions that indicated the reign of a specific pharaoh .
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prehistoric
[adjetivo]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

pré-histórico, prehistórico

pré-histórico, prehistórico

Ex: Researchers use carbon dating to determine the age prehistoric artifacts .
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ice age
[substantivo]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

era do gelo, idade do gelo

era do gelo, idade do gelo

Ex: Geological evidence suggests that ice age shaped many of the Earth 's current landscapes and ecosystems .
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Stone age
[substantivo]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

Idade da Pedra, Era Paleolítica

Idade da Pedra, Era Paleolítica

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Bronze Age
[substantivo]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Idade do Bronze, Período do Bronze

Idade do Bronze, Período do Bronze

Ex: Trade flourished during Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .
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Iron Age
[substantivo]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

Idade do Ferro, Era do Ferro

Idade do Ferro, Era do Ferro

Ex: Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .
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golden age
[substantivo]

a period of great prosperity and success, particularly in the past

época de ouro, idade de ouro

época de ouro, idade de ouro

Ex: golden age of Islam saw major contributions to science , medicine , and philosophy , influencing many future generations .
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medieval
[adjetivo]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

medieval, medievais

medieval, medievais

Ex: Medieval armor and weapons are displayed in the exhibit on chivalric knights .
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Enlightenment
[substantivo]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

Iluminismo, Esclarecimento

Iluminismo, Esclarecimento

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civil war
[substantivo]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

guerra civil, conflito interno

guerra civil, conflito interno

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .
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colonial
[adjetivo]

related to a country that controls another territory or country

colonial, colonizador

colonial, colonizador

Ex: Colonial governments imposed taxes and tariffs on local populations to colonial administration and infrastructure projects .
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imperial
[adjetivo]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

imperial, imperioso

imperial, imperioso

Ex: The decline of imperial system marked the end of an era in history .
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mythology
[substantivo]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mitologia, mitologia clássica

mitologia, mitologia clássica

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .
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the period of time in the 18th and 19th centuries that machines were used for the first time for mass production of goods, started in Britain

Revolução Industrial, Revolução das Indústrias

Revolução Industrial, Revolução das Indústrias

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pharaoh
[substantivo]

a title used for ancient Egyptian rulers

faraó, faraona

faraó, faraona

Ex: The role of pharaoh was central to Egyptian religion and society , representing the divine link between the gods and the people .
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archeology
[substantivo]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

arqueologia, arquelogia

arqueologia, arquelogia

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bloodline
[substantivo]

all family members of a person over several generations, particularly a notable person

linhagem, sangue

linhagem, sangue

Ex: The geneticist studied the bloodline to trace hereditary traits and medical conditions across multiple generations .
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artifact
[substantivo]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

artefato, objeto histórico

artefato, objeto histórico

Ex: artifact, a beautifully carved statue , was a significant find that helped date the historical site .
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war-torn
[adjetivo]

(of a country or place) damaged or destroyed severely as an aftermath of war

destruído pela guerra, devastado pela guerra

destruído pela guerra, devastado pela guerra

Ex: Journalists reported from the heart of war-torn area , documenting the impact of ongoing conflict on civilians .
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ranged weapon
[substantivo]

any weapon that is capable of hitting a target at a distance beyond the reach of hands

arma de longo alcance, arma de ataque à distância

arma de longo alcance, arma de ataque à distância

Ex: Hunters in the wild relied on their trusty crossbows as a silent and ranged weapon for taking down game .
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melee weapon
[substantivo]

a hand-held weapon such as a sword, spear, etc., used when one attacks enemies at a close range

arma corpo a corpo, arma de combate próximo

arma corpo a corpo, arma de combate próximo

Ex: Tribal warriors in ancient times crafted spears and axes as melee weapons for hunting and defense .
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machete
[substantivo]

a long knife that has a wide and heavy blade, used as a weapon or a tool to cut plants and trees

machete, cutelo

machete, cutelo

Ex: machete's sharp blade makes it a formidable weapon in self-defense and survival situations .
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spartan
[adjetivo]

relating to a city-state in ancient Greece called Sparta or its people

espartano, espartana

espartano, espartana

Ex: Spartan women enjoyed more rights and freedoms compared to other Greek city-states , participating actively in public life and sports .
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