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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně C1 - Historie a artefakty

Zde se dozvíte několik anglických slovíček o historii a artefaktech, jako je „carriage“, „dungeon“, „abolition“ atd. připravených pro studenty C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
archive
[Podstatné jméno]

a place or a collection of records or documents of historical importance

archiv, sbírka dokumentů

archiv, sbírka dokumentů

Ex: archive of the newspaper provides a valuable resource for studying local history and events .
bibliography
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of books' history, their classification, production, editions, etc.

bibliografie, knihopis

bibliografie, knihopis

Ex: The course on bibliology covers the development of manuscript illumination and illustration techniques.
abolition
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of formally and completely ending a system, practice, institution, or law

zrušení, odstranění

zrušení, odstranění

Ex: Various countries have implemented laws and reforms to ensure abolition of child labor , aiming to protect the rights and well-being of children .
battlefield
[Podstatné jméno]

an area where a battle is being or was fought

bojiště, bitevní pole

bojiště, bitevní pole

Ex: Archaeologists discovered artifacts buried beneath battlefield, shedding light on ancient warfare techniques .
shield
[Podstatné jméno]

a large piece of armor made of strong material, carried on the arm by soldiers in the past

 štít,  brnění

štít, brnění

Ex: In medieval times , knights adorned shields with colorful heraldic designs to identify their families .
spear
[Podstatné jméno]

a weapon with a long handle and a metal pointed tip, used for fighting and fishing in the past

kopí, zbraň

kopí, zbraň

Ex: During the hunt , the tribesmen worked together to surround the wild boar and attack it spears.
tomahawk
[Podstatné jméno]

a small-sized ax used by Native Americans for fighting or as a tool

sekera, tomahawk

sekera, tomahawk

Ex: The explorer admired the craftsmanship of the ornately tomahawk on display at the cultural center .
bow
[Podstatné jméno]

a curved weapon joined at both ends by a string, capable of shooting arrows

luk, kuše

luk, kuše

Ex: She drew back the bowstring, feeling the tension build before releasing the arrow with precision.
dagger
[Podstatné jméno]

a short weapon with a pointed blade

dýka, hákovka

dýka, hákovka

Ex: In ancient timesdaggers were used for close combat and as tools for everyday tasks .
cannon
[Podstatné jméno]

a large and powerful gun that was used in the past to fire stone or metal balls

dělo, kanón

dělo, kanón

Ex: Cannons played a crucial role in shaping the outcome of battles throughout history .
carriage
[Podstatné jméno]

a vehicle with usually four wheels, pulled by one or more horses

kočár, vozík

kočár, vozík

Ex: The carriage was adorned with gold trim and velvet cushions for maximum comfort .
chariot
[Podstatné jméno]

a vehicle with two wheels, drawn by horses, used in ancient times for warfare and racing

válečný vůz, voz

válečný vůz, voz

Ex: Chariot racing was a popular sport in ancient Rome, drawing large crowds to the Circus Maximus.
dungeon
[Podstatné jméno]

an underground room in which prisoners were confined, particularly in a castle

vězení, kobka

vězení, kobka

Ex: She explored dungeon during the castle tour , imagining the hardships of those who were imprisoned there .
fort
[Podstatné jméno]

a building or group of buildings used by troops to protect an area

pevnost, hrad

pevnost, hrad

Ex: fort's walls were reinforced with stone and earthworks to withstand sieges and assaults .
conqueror
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who forcibly takes control of a city or country and its citizens

dobyvatel, vítěz

dobyvatel, vítěz

Ex: Genghis Khan , a conqueror, expanded the Mongol Empire across vast regions of Asia and Europe .
successor
[Podstatné jméno]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

nástupce, náhradník

nástupce, náhradník

Ex: The company was eager to find a worthy successor to continue the founder's legacy and lead it into the future.
reign
[Podstatné jméno]

the period that a monarch rules

vláda, panování

vláda, panování

Ex: The reign of the king saw significant advancements in arts and science throughout the kingdom .
to crown
[sloveso]

to place a crown on someone's head in a ceremony so that person officially becomes a king or queen

povýšit, korunovat

povýšit, korunovat

Ex: The citizens eagerly awaited the moment when the prince would crowned as the rightful heir to the throne .
peasant
[Podstatné jméno]

a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land, particularly in the past or in poorer countries

rolník, sedlák

rolník, sedlák

Ex: In many poorer countriespeasants continue to use traditional farming methods handed down from their ancestors .
primitive
[Přídavné jméno]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitivní, původní

primitivní, původní

Ex: The island 's ecosystem still primitive species that have remained unchanged for centuries .
datable
[Přídavné jméno]

able to be dated to a specific time

datovatelný, určitelný

datovatelný, určitelný

Ex: The artifacts discovered in the tomb were datable due to the inscriptions that indicated the reign of a specific pharaoh .
prehistoric
[Přídavné jméno]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

prehistorický, předhistorický

prehistorický, předhistorický

Ex: Researchers use carbon dating to determine the age prehistoric artifacts .
ice age
[Podstatné jméno]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

doba ledová, ledová doba

doba ledová, ledová doba

Ex: Geological evidence suggests that ice age shaped many of the Earth 's current landscapes and ecosystems .
Stone age
[Podstatné jméno]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

doba kamenná, kamená doba

doba kamenná, kamená doba

Ex: The transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age marked a significant technological and cultural shift in human history.
Bronze Age
[Podstatné jméno]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Bronzová doba, Doba bronzová

Bronzová doba, Doba bronzová

Ex: Trade flourished during Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .
Iron Age
[Podstatné jméno]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

Železná doba, Doba železná

Železná doba, Doba železná

Ex: Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .
golden age
[Podstatné jméno]

a period of great prosperity and success, particularly in the past

zlatý věk, zlatá éra

zlatý věk, zlatá éra

Ex: golden age of Islam saw major contributions to science , medicine , and philosophy , influencing many future generations .
medieval
[Přídavné jméno]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

středověký, středověkého

středověký, středověkého

Ex: Medieval armor and weapons are displayed in the exhibit on chivalric knights .
Enlightenment
[Podstatné jméno]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

osvícenství, osvobození

osvícenství, osvobození

Ex: The Enlightenment had a profound impact on political thought, influencing the ideas of democracy and individual rights.
civil war
[Podstatné jméno]

a war that is between people who are in the same country

občanská válka, válka mezi občany

občanská válka, válka mezi občany

Ex: Civil wars typically arise from internal conflicts over political , social , or economic differences within a nation .
colonial
[Přídavné jméno]

related to a country that controls another territory or country

koloniální, kolonialní

koloniální, kolonialní

Ex: Colonial governments imposed taxes and tariffs on local populations to colonial administration and infrastructure projects .
imperial
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

imperiální, císřevský

imperiální, císřevský

Ex: The decline of imperial system marked the end of an era in history .
mythology
[Podstatné jméno]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mytologie, mýtus

mytologie, mýtus

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .
industrial revolution
[Podstatné jméno]

the period of time in the 18th and 19th centuries that machines were used for the first time for mass production of goods, started in Britain

průmyslová revoluce, industriální revoluce

průmyslová revoluce, industriální revoluce

Ex: The Industrial Revolution brought about profound economic, social, and technological changes that continue to shape the modern world.
pharaoh
[Podstatné jméno]

a title used for ancient Egyptian rulers

faraon, pán

faraon, pán

Ex: Hieroglyphic inscriptions on temple walls and monuments often glorified the achievements and divine status of the pharaohs.
archeology
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

archeologie, archeologická věda

archeologie, archeologická věda

Ex: The field of archaeology includes various sub-disciplines such as maritime archaeology, historical archaeology, and bioarchaeology.
bloodline
[Podstatné jméno]

all family members of a person over several generations, particularly a notable person

rodokmen, příbuzenstvo

rodokmen, příbuzenstvo

Ex: The geneticist studied the bloodline to trace hereditary traits and medical conditions across multiple generations .
artifact
[Podstatné jméno]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

artefakt, historický předmět

artefakt, historický předmět

Ex: artifact, a beautifully carved statue , was a significant find that helped date the historical site .
war-torn
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a country or place) damaged or destroyed severely as an aftermath of war

válečně zničený, válečně postižený

válečně zničený, válečně postižený

Ex: Journalists reported from the heart of war-torn area , documenting the impact of ongoing conflict on civilians .
ranged weapon
[Podstatné jméno]

any weapon that is capable of hitting a target at a distance beyond the reach of hands

střelná zbraň, dalekonosná zbraň

střelná zbraň, dalekonosná zbraň

Ex: Hunters in the wild relied on their trusty crossbows as a silent and effective ranged weapon for taking down game.
melee weapon
[Podstatné jméno]

a hand-held weapon such as a sword, spear, etc., used when one attacks enemies at a close range

blízká zbraň, bílá zbraň

blízká zbraň, bílá zbraň

Ex: Tribal warriors in ancient times crafted spears and axes as versatile melee weapons for hunting and defense.
machete
[Podstatné jméno]

a long knife that has a wide and heavy blade, used as a weapon or a tool to cut plants and trees

mačeta, macheta

mačeta, macheta

Ex: machete's sharp blade makes it a formidable weapon in self-defense and survival situations .
spartan
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to a city-state in ancient Greece called Sparta or its people

spartský, spartan

spartský, spartan

Ex: Spartan women enjoyed more rights and freedoms compared to other Greek city-states , participating actively in public life and sports .
Seznam Slovíček Úrovně C1
Změny a dopadyAstronomyPrávo a kriminalitaMathematics
PříslovceTravelHistorie a artefakty
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