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Literatuur - Narratologie

Hier leer je enkele Engelse woorden die verband houden met narratologie, zoals "climax", "cliffhanger" en "vervolg".

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bathos
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary device in which an attempt at serious or elevated writing or speech is undermined by an incongruous or absurd use of language or imagery

bathos, effect van teleurstelling

bathos, effect van teleurstelling

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climax
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the most significant moment in a story, play, movie, etc. with a high dramatic suspense

hoogtepunt, climax

hoogtepunt, climax

Ex: The climax of the play marked a turning point in the protagonist 's journey , leading to a profound transformation .Het **hoogtepunt** van het toneelstuk markeerde een keerpunt in de reis van de hoofdpersoon, wat leidde tot een diepgaande transformatie.
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Chekhov's gun
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary principle that states that every element introduced in a story must be necessary and relevant to the plot or it should be removed

Tsjechovs geweer, Tsjechovs principe

Tsjechovs geweer, Tsjechovs principe

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comic relief
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary technique that uses humor to interrupt serious or tragic scenes in order to provide a temporary release from emotional tension

komische verlichting, humoristische ontspanning

komische verlichting, humoristische ontspanning

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contrivance
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a plot device or a literary technique that is used to resolve a difficult or complicated situation in an unexpected and somewhat unrealistic way

kunstgreep, middel

kunstgreep, middel

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denouement
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the last section of a literary or dramatic piece where the plot is concluded and all the matters of the work is explained

ontknoping, oplossing

ontknoping, oplossing

Ex: After a thrilling climax , the novel ’s denouement provided a satisfying resolution to all the conflicts .Na een spannend hoogtepunt bood de **ontknoping** van de roman een bevredigende oplossing voor alle conflicten.
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deus ex machina
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary device where a sudden and unexpected event or character is introduced to resolve a problem in a story

deus ex machina, goddelijke interventie

deus ex machina, goddelijke interventie

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embellishment
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the act of adding extra details or exaggerating certain aspects of a story or description to make it more interesting or appealing

versiering, opsmuk

versiering, opsmuk

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ending
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the final part of a story, movie, etc.

einde, slot

einde, slot

Ex: They both prefer books with a happy ending.Ze geven beide de voorkeur aan boeken met een gelukkig **einde**.
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eponym
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a person, place, or thing after whom or which something is named

naamgever, eponiem

naamgever, eponiem

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dangler
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a plot or character element that is introduced but never fully explained or resolved, leaving the audience with unanswered questions or loose ends

onopgelost element, hangende plot

onopgelost element, hangende plot

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setting
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the time and place in which the story of a movie, play, etc. is taking place

decor, omgeving

decor, omgeving

Ex: The setting of the fantasy saga is an ancient kingdom filled with magic .Het **decor** van de fantasysaga is een oud koninkrijk vol magie.
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cliffhanger
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

an ending to an episode of a series that keeps the audience in suspense

spanning, cliffhanger einde

spanning, cliffhanger einde

Ex: As the tension reached its peak , the protagonist found themselves in a perilous situation , setting the stage for a nail-biting cliffhanger that would keep readers guessing until the next installment .Toen de spanning zijn hoogtepunt bereikte, bevond de hoofdpersoon zich in een hachelijke situatie, wat het toneel vormde voor een nagelbijtende **cliffhanger** die lezers aan het gissen zou houden tot de volgende aflevering.
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premise
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the basic idea, concept, or foundation upon which a story is built, and often includes the central conflict, characters, setting, and overall tone or genre of the narrative

premisse, veronderstelling

premisse, veronderstelling

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theme
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a recurring element that is the main idea or subject in a literary or artistic piece

thema, motief

thema, motief

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poetic license
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the freedom to deviate from facts, rules or conventional forms practiced by an artist or author in order to gain a desired effect

poëtische licentie, poëtische vrijheid

poëtische licentie, poëtische vrijheid

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sequel
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

vervolg

vervolg

Ex: The sequel exceeded expectations , introducing new twists and revelations that kept audiences on the edge of their seats .Het **vervolg** overtrof de verwachtingen, met nieuwe wendingen en onthullingen die het publiek op het puntje van hun stoel hielden.
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spoiler
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

unwanted information about how the plot of a movie, game, book, etc. develops or ends that can ruin one's enjoyment

spoiler, verklapper

spoiler, verklapper

Ex: The film ’s spoiler was so widely shared that many people did n’t bother to watch it .
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arc
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the main theme or the continuous line in which a narrative develops

boog, verhaallijn

boog, verhaallijn

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storyline
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the plot of a movie, play, novel, etc.

verhaallijn, plot

verhaallijn, plot

Ex: The novel ’s storyline follows the journey of a young girl finding her family .Het **verhaal** van de roman volgt de reis van een jong meisje dat haar familie zoekt.
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stream of consciousness
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations of a character in a seemingly unstructured and spontaneous manner

bewustzijnsstroom, gedachtenstroom

bewustzijnsstroom, gedachtenstroom

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subplot
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a series of events in a novel, movie, etc. that is separate from the main story and is less important but is linked to it

subplot, nevenintrige

subplot, nevenintrige

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swashbuckling
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genre of literature, film, or entertainment that features action-packed adventures of daring swordplay, romance, and excitement, often set in historical or fantastical settings

mantel-en-degen, avonturen met mantel en degen

mantel-en-degen, avonturen met mantel en degen

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synopsis
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a brief summary or overview of the plot, characters, and major events of a book, movie, or other narrative work

synopsis, samenvatting

synopsis, samenvatting

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trope
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a common or recurring theme, motif, or device that is used in literature, art, or other forms of creative expression

trope, stijlfiguur

trope, stijlfiguur

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vignette
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a brief, impressionistic scene or sketch in literature or film that focuses on a particular moment or character

vignet

vignet

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writer's block
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a condition experienced by writers in which they are unable to produce new written material, despite having the desire or obligation to do so

schrijversblok, creatieve blokkade

schrijversblok, creatieve blokkade

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filler
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

any material in a narrative that serves to pad or extend the length of the story without advancing the plot or developing the characters

opvulling, vulmateriaal

opvulling, vulmateriaal

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flashback
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a scene in a story line that interrupts the chronological order and takes the narrative back in time

flashback, terugblik

flashback, terugblik

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frame story
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary technique in which an introductory narrative serves as a frame for another story or a series of shorter stories

raamvertelling, kaderverhaal

raamvertelling, kaderverhaal

Ex: The frame story provides a meta-narrative framework that invites readers to reflect on the nature of storytelling itself , blurring the lines between fiction and reality .Het **raamverhaal** biedt een meta-narratief kader dat lezers uitnodigt om na te denken over de aard van het vertellen van verhalen zelf, waardoor de grenzen tussen fictie en realiteit vervagen.
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interior monologue
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary device that reveals a character's inner thoughts and feelings directly to the reader

innerlijke monoloog, innerlijke zelfspraak

innerlijke monoloog, innerlijke zelfspraak

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to kill off
[werkwoord]

to cause the death of a character in a work of fiction, typically for dramatic effects or to advance the plot

uitroeien, doden

uitroeien, doden

Ex: The director decided to kill off the character because they felt it would make the story more impactful .De regisseur besloot het personage **af te maken** omdat ze dachten dat het het verhaal indrukwekkender zou maken.
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linear narrative
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a type of storytelling in which events are presented in a sequential and chronological order, following a cause-and-effect pattern and progressing toward a resolution or endpoint

lineair verhaal, lineaire vertelling

lineair verhaal, lineaire vertelling

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nonlinear narrative
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a type of storytelling that does not follow a chronological sequence, instead jumping back and forth in time or presenting events out of order

niet-lineaire vertelling, niet-chronologisch verhaal

niet-lineaire vertelling, niet-chronologisch verhaal

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interactive narrative
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a type of storytelling that allows the audience or user to actively participate in the story, making decisions that affect the direction or outcome of the narrative

interactief verhaal, interactieve vertelling

interactief verhaal, interactieve vertelling

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longueur
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a tedious or boring section of a work of literature or other artistic work, characterized by a lack of action, tension, or interest

lang en saai gedeelte

lang en saai gedeelte

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love triangle
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a relationship dynamic commonly found in stories, where three characters are romantically involved with each other in a way that creates tension, conflict, and difficult choices

liefdesdriehoek, menage à trois

liefdesdriehoek, menage à trois

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MacGuffin
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a storytelling device often used in film and literature, referring to an object, goal, or other motivator that drives the plot and characters' actions, but is often irrelevant or unimportant to the overall story itself

een MacGuffin, een zoekobject

een MacGuffin, een zoekobject

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to mythologize
[werkwoord]

to create or embellish a story or a person's life with mythological or heroic elements

mythologiseren,  verheerlijken

mythologiseren, verheerlijken

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to narrate
[werkwoord]

to provide a spoken or written description of an event, story, etc.

vertellen, verhalen

vertellen, verhalen

Ex: The teacher asked each student to narrate a personal story during the storytelling session .De leraar vroeg elke leerling om tijdens de vertelsessie een persoonlijk verhaal te **vertellen**.
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narration
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the way of telling or explaining a story, particularly in a movie, novel, etc.

vertelling, narratie

vertelling, narratie

Ex: The nonlinear narration kept viewers engaged as the story unfolded in unexpected ways , revealing key plot points out of sequence .De niet-lineaire **vertelling** hield kijkers geboeid terwijl het verhaal zich op onverwachte manieren ontvouwde, waarbij belangrijke plotpunten buiten de volgorde werden onthuld.
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narrative
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a story or an account of something especially one that is told in a movie, novel, etc.

verhaal, vertelling

verhaal, vertelling

Ex: He crafted a narrative that seamlessly blended history with fiction .Hij maakte een **verhaal** dat geschiedenis en fictie naadloos met elkaar vermengde.
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narrative thread
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a plotline or a story element that runs throughout a larger narrative, connecting different events and characters together, often with a unifying theme or motif

verhaaldraad, plotlijn

verhaaldraad, plotlijn

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pace
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the rhythm, tempo, and speed at which a story unfolds, and how it affects the audience's engagement and emotional response to the narrative

ritme, snelheid

ritme, snelheid

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to personify
[werkwoord]

to attribute human characteristics, traits, or qualities to a non-human object, concept, or animal

personifiëren, belichamen

personifiëren, belichamen

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plot
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

plot, verhaallijn

plot, verhaallijn

Ex: Critics praised the plot of the film for its originality and depth .Critici prezen **het plot** van de film voor zijn originaliteit en diepte.
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plot drift
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a situation where the plot of a story deviates from its original trajectory

plotdrift, plotafwijking

plotdrift, plotafwijking

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plot hole
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

plotgat, narratieve inconsistentie

plotgat, narratieve inconsistentie

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plot twist
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a sudden and unexpected development in the storyline of a narrative, often at a crucial moment

plotwending, onverwachte wending in het verhaal

plotwending, onverwachte wending in het verhaal

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plot device
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a narrative element, often used in literature or film, that is employed by the author or screenwriter to advance the story or create a particular effect

plotapparaat, narratief middel

plotapparaat, narratief middel

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quibble
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a plot device where a character uses the exact wording of a rule or agreement to avoid its intended meaning or purpose

haarkloverij, spitsvondigheid

haarkloverij, spitsvondigheid

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red herring
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

anything that is intended to take people's focus away from what is important

vals spoor, afleidingsmanoeuvre

vals spoor, afleidingsmanoeuvre

Ex: The conspiracy theories circulating online are often filled with red herrings to mislead the public and create confusion .De complottheorieën die online circuleren, zitten vaak vol met **afleidingsmanoeuvres** om het publiek te misleiden en verwarring te creëren.
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eucatastrophe
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a term coined by J.R.R. Tolkien to describe a sudden and unexpected turn of events in a story that results in a positive and joyful outcome

eucatastrofe, onverwachte gelukkige wending

eucatastrofe, onverwachte gelukkige wending

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flashforward
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

an instance of showing a scene or event that will happen later in a movie, TV episode, etc. interrupting the chronological order of the plot

flashforward, sprong vooruit

flashforward, sprong vooruit

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in medias res
[bijwoord]

a literary technique in which a narrative begins in the middle of the story, rather than at the beginning

midden in de actie, in medias res

midden in de actie, in medias res

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narrative hook
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary device used at the beginning of a story to capture the reader's attention and engage their interest

narratieve haak, verhaalhaak

narratieve haak, verhaalhaak

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poetic justice
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a situation in which one believes that an unfortunate event that has happened to someone is well deserved

poëtische gerechtigheid, goddelijke straf

poëtische gerechtigheid, goddelijke straf

Ex: The upcoming play promises to deliver moments of poetic justice, where the protagonists triumph over adversity and the antagonists face their comeuppance .Het komende toneelstuk belooft momenten van **poëtische gerechtigheid**, waar de hoofdpersonen zegevieren over tegenspoed en de antagonisten hun verdiende loon krijgen.
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ticking time bomb scenario
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a hypothetical situation which presents a moral dilemma where a person or authority must decide whether to use extreme measures to prevent a catastrophic event from occurring

tikkende tijdbomscenario, moreel dilemma van de tikkende tijdbomsituatie

tikkende tijdbomscenario, moreel dilemma van de tikkende tijdbomsituatie

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defamiliarization
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a literary technique used to make the familiar seem unfamiliar or strange in order to encourage the reader to see the world in a new way

vervreemding, ontvreemding

vervreemding, ontvreemding

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multiperspectivity
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a narrative technique in which a story is told from multiple perspectives or points of view

multiperspectiviteit, multiperspectieve verteltechniek

multiperspectiviteit, multiperspectieve verteltechniek

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conflict
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

the struggle between opposing forces in a story, which drives the narrative forward and creates tension and drama

conflict, narratieve spanning

conflict, narratieve spanning

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dialogue
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a written or spoken line that is spoken by a character in a play, movie, book, or other work of fiction

dialoog, gesprek

dialoog, gesprek

Ex: The actors rehearsed their dialogue repeatedly before opening night .De acteurs repeteerden hun **dialoog** herhaaldelijk voor de première.
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