Literatura - Naratologia
Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z narratologią, takich jak "punkt kulminacyjny", "cliffhanger" i "kontynuacja".
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a literary device in which an attempt at serious or elevated writing or speech is undermined by an incongruous or absurd use of language or imagery

bathos, efekt rozczarowania
the most significant moment in a story, play, movie, etc. with a high dramatic suspense

punkt kulminacyjny, szczyt
a literary principle that states that every element introduced in a story must be necessary and relevant to the plot or it should be removed

strzelba Czechowa, zasada Czechowa
a literary technique that uses humor to interrupt serious or tragic scenes in order to provide a temporary release from emotional tension

komiczne wytchnienie, komiczna ulga
a plot device or a literary technique that is used to resolve a difficult or complicated situation in an unexpected and somewhat unrealistic way

wybieg, sposób
the last section of a literary or dramatic piece where the plot is concluded and all the matters of the work is explained

rozwiązanie, zakończenie
a literary device where a sudden and unexpected event or character is introduced to resolve a problem in a story

deus ex machina, interwencja boska
the act of adding extra details or exaggerating certain aspects of a story or description to make it more interesting or appealing

upiększenie, przesada
the final part of a story, movie, etc.

koniec, zakończenie
a plot or character element that is introduced but never fully explained or resolved, leaving the audience with unanswered questions or loose ends

nierozwiązany element, wisząca fabuła
the time and place in which the story of a movie, play, etc. is taking place

sceneria, otoczenie
an ending to an episode of a series that keeps the audience in suspense

napięcie, cliffhanger
the basic idea, concept, or foundation upon which a story is built, and often includes the central conflict, characters, setting, and overall tone or genre of the narrative

przesłanka, założenie
a recurring element that is the main idea or subject in a literary or artistic piece

temat, motyw
the freedom to deviate from facts, rules or conventional forms practiced by an artist or author in order to gain a desired effect

licencja poetycka, wolność poetycka
a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

kontynuacja
unwanted information about how the plot of a movie, game, book, etc. develops or ends that can ruin one's enjoyment

spojler, zdradzenie fabuły
the plot of a movie, play, novel, etc.

fabuła, wątek
the continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations of a character in a seemingly unstructured and spontaneous manner

strumień świadomości, prąd świadomości
a series of events in a novel, movie, etc. that is separate from the main story and is less important but is linked to it

wątek poboczny, podfabuła
a genre of literature, film, or entertainment that features action-packed adventures of daring swordplay, romance, and excitement, often set in historical or fantastical settings

płaszcza i szpady, przygody płaszcza i szpady
a brief summary or overview of the plot, characters, and major events of a book, movie, or other narrative work

streszczenie, synopsis
a common or recurring theme, motif, or device that is used in literature, art, or other forms of creative expression

trop, figura retoryczna
a brief, impressionistic scene or sketch in literature or film that focuses on a particular moment or character

winieta
a condition experienced by writers in which they are unable to produce new written material, despite having the desire or obligation to do so

blokada pisarza, blokada twórcza
any material in a narrative that serves to pad or extend the length of the story without advancing the plot or developing the characters

wypełniacz, materiał wypełniający
a scene in a story line that interrupts the chronological order and takes the narrative back in time

retrospekcja, flashback
a literary technique in which an introductory narrative serves as a frame for another story or a series of shorter stories

ramowa opowieść, opowieść ramowa
a literary device that reveals a character's inner thoughts and feelings directly to the reader

monolog wewnętrzny, wewnętrzny solilokwium
to cause the death of a character in a work of fiction, typically for dramatic effects or to advance the plot

wyeliminować, zabić
a type of storytelling in which events are presented in a sequential and chronological order, following a cause-and-effect pattern and progressing toward a resolution or endpoint

narracja liniowa, opowieść liniowa
a type of storytelling that does not follow a chronological sequence, instead jumping back and forth in time or presenting events out of order

nieliniowa narracja, opowieść niechronologiczna
a type of storytelling that allows the audience or user to actively participate in the story, making decisions that affect the direction or outcome of the narrative

interaktywna narracja, interaktywna opowieść
a tedious or boring section of a work of literature or other artistic work, characterized by a lack of action, tension, or interest

długa i nudna część
a relationship dynamic commonly found in stories, where three characters are romantically involved with each other in a way that creates tension, conflict, and difficult choices

trójkąt miłosny, menage à trois
a storytelling device often used in film and literature, referring to an object, goal, or other motivator that drives the plot and characters' actions, but is often irrelevant or unimportant to the overall story itself

MacGuffin, obiekt poszukiwań
to create or embellish a story or a person's life with mythological or heroic elements

mityzować, mitologizować
to provide a spoken or written description of an event, story, etc.

opowiadać, relacjonować
the way of telling or explaining a story, particularly in a movie, novel, etc.

narracja, opowiadanie
a story or an account of something especially one that is told in a movie, novel, etc.

narracja, opowieść
a plotline or a story element that runs throughout a larger narrative, connecting different events and characters together, often with a unifying theme or motif

nić narracyjna, wątek fabularny
the rhythm, tempo, and speed at which a story unfolds, and how it affects the audience's engagement and emotional response to the narrative

rytm, tempo
to attribute human characteristics, traits, or qualities to a non-human object, concept, or animal

uosabiać, wcielać
the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

fabuła, wątek
a situation where the plot of a story deviates from its original trajectory

dryf fabuły, odchylenie fabuły
an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

luka w fabule, niespójność narracyjna
a sudden and unexpected development in the storyline of a narrative, often at a crucial moment

zwrot akcji, niespodziewany rozwój wydarzeń
a narrative element, often used in literature or film, that is employed by the author or screenwriter to advance the story or create a particular effect

chwyt fabularny, narzędzie narracyjne
a plot device where a character uses the exact wording of a rule or agreement to avoid its intended meaning or purpose

wykręt, sophizmat
anything that is intended to take people's focus away from what is important

fałszywy trop, manewr odwracający uwagę
a term coined by J.R.R. Tolkien to describe a sudden and unexpected turn of events in a story that results in a positive and joyful outcome

eukatastrofa, nieoczekiwany szczęśliwy zwrot
an instance of showing a scene or event that will happen later in a movie, TV episode, etc. interrupting the chronological order of the plot

flashforward, skok do przodu
a literary technique in which a narrative begins in the middle of the story, rather than at the beginning

w środku akcji, in medias res
a literary device used at the beginning of a story to capture the reader's attention and engage their interest

hak narracyjny, wabik narracyjny
a situation in which one believes that an unfortunate event that has happened to someone is well deserved

poetycka sprawiedliwość, kara boska
a hypothetical situation which presents a moral dilemma where a person or authority must decide whether to use extreme measures to prevent a catastrophic event from occurring

scenariusza tykającej bomby, sytuacja dylematu moralnego tykającej bomby
a literary technique used to make the familiar seem unfamiliar or strange in order to encourage the reader to see the world in a new way

defamiliaryzacja, obcość
a narrative technique in which a story is told from multiple perspectives or points of view

wieloperspektywiczność, technika narracyjna wieloperspektywiczna
the struggle between opposing forces in a story, which drives the narrative forward and creates tension and drama

konflikt, napięcie narracyjne
a written or spoken line that is spoken by a character in a play, movie, book, or other work of fiction

dialog, rozmowa
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