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Littérature - Narratologie

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la narratologie tels que "climax", "cliffhanger" et "suite".

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Words Related to Literature
bathos
[nom]

a literary device in which an attempt at serious or elevated writing or speech is undermined by an incongruous or absurd use of language or imagery

désillusion, déception

désillusion, déception

climax
[nom]

the most significant moment in a story, play, movie, etc. with a high dramatic suspense

apogée

apogée

Ex: The climax of the play marked a turning point in the protagonist 's journey , leading to a profound transformation .Le **climax** de la pièce a marqué un tournant dans le parcours du protagoniste, conduisant à une transformation profonde.

a literary principle that states that every element introduced in a story must be necessary and relevant to the plot or it should be removed

le fusil de Tchekhov, le principe de Tchekhov

le fusil de Tchekhov, le principe de Tchekhov

a literary technique that uses humor to interrupt serious or tragic scenes in order to provide a temporary release from emotional tension

détente comique, soulagement comique

détente comique, soulagement comique

a plot device or a literary technique that is used to resolve a difficult or complicated situation in an unexpected and somewhat unrealistic way

artifice, expédient

artifice, expédient

the last section of a literary or dramatic piece where the plot is concluded and all the matters of the work is explained

dénouement

dénouement

Ex: After a thrilling climax , the novel ’s denouement provided a satisfying resolution to all the conflicts .Après un climax passionnant, le **dénouement** du roman a fourni une résolution satisfaisante à tous les conflits.

a literary device where a sudden and unexpected event or character is introduced to resolve a problem in a story

deus ex machina, intervention divine

deus ex machina, intervention divine

the act of adding extra details or exaggerating certain aspects of a story or description to make it more interesting or appealing

enjolivement, embellissement

enjolivement, embellissement

ending
[nom]

the final part of a story, movie, etc.

fin

fin

Ex: They both prefer books with a happy ending.Ils préfèrent tous les deux les livres avec une fin **heureuse**.
eponym
[nom]

a person, place, or thing after whom or which something is named

éponyme, personne éponyme

éponyme, personne éponyme

dangler
[nom]

a plot or character element that is introduced but never fully explained or resolved, leaving the audience with unanswered questions or loose ends

élément non résolu, intrigue laissée en suspens

élément non résolu, intrigue laissée en suspens

setting
[nom]

the time and place in which the story of a movie, play, etc. is taking place

cadre

cadre

Ex: The setting of the fantasy saga is an ancient kingdom filled with magic .Le **cadre** de la saga fantastique est un ancien royaume rempli de magie.

an ending to an episode of a series that keeps the audience in suspense

suspense, cliffhanger

suspense, cliffhanger

Ex: As the tension reached its peak , the protagonist found themselves in a perilous situation , setting the stage for a nail-biting cliffhanger that would keep readers guessing until the next installment .Alors que la tension atteignait son paroxysme, le protagoniste s'est retrouvé dans une situation périlleuse, préparant le terrain pour un **cliffhanger** haletant qui tiendrait les lecteurs en haleine jusqu'au prochain épisode.
premise
[nom]

the basic idea, concept, or foundation upon which a story is built, and often includes the central conflict, characters, setting, and overall tone or genre of the narrative

prémisse, postulat

prémisse, postulat

theme
[nom]

a recurring element that is the main idea or subject in a literary or artistic piece

thème

thème

the freedom to deviate from facts, rules or conventional forms practiced by an artist or author in order to gain a desired effect

licence poétique

licence poétique

sequel
[nom]

a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

suite

suite

Ex: The sequel exceeded expectations , introducing new twists and revelations that kept audiences on the edge of their seats .La **suite** a dépassé les attentes, introduisant de nouveaux rebondissements et révélations qui ont tenu le public en haleine.
spoiler
[nom]

unwanted information about how the plot of a movie, game, book, etc. develops or ends that can ruin one's enjoyment

spoiler

spoiler

Ex: The film ’s spoiler was so widely shared that many people did n’t bother to watch it .
arc
[nom]

the main theme or the continuous line in which a narrative develops

arc narratif, arc scénaristique, story arc

arc narratif, arc scénaristique, story arc

the plot of a movie, play, novel, etc.

intrigue, scénario, histoire

intrigue, scénario, histoire

Ex: The novel ’s storyline follows the journey of a young girl finding her family .L'**intrigue** du roman suit le parcours d'une jeune fille à la recherche de sa famille.

the continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations of a character in a seemingly unstructured and spontaneous manner

flux de conscience, courant de conscience

flux de conscience, courant de conscience

subplot
[nom]

a series of events in a novel, movie, etc. that is separate from the main story and is less important but is linked to it

intrigue secondaire

intrigue secondaire

a genre of literature, film, or entertainment that features action-packed adventures of daring swordplay, romance, and excitement, often set in historical or fantastical settings

cape et d'épée, aventures de cape et d'épée

cape et d'épée, aventures de cape et d'épée

a brief summary or overview of the plot, characters, and major events of a book, movie, or other narrative work

synopsis

synopsis

trope
[nom]

a common or recurring theme, motif, or device that is used in literature, art, or other forms of creative expression

trope, figure de style

trope, figure de style

a brief, impressionistic scene or sketch in literature or film that focuses on a particular moment or character

anecdote

anecdote

a condition experienced by writers in which they are unable to produce new written material, despite having the desire or obligation to do so

blocage de l'écrivain, blocage créatif

blocage de l'écrivain, blocage créatif

filler
[nom]

any material in a narrative that serves to pad or extend the length of the story without advancing the plot or developing the characters

remplissage, bouche-trou

remplissage, bouche-trou

a scene in a story line that interrupts the chronological order and takes the narrative back in time

retour en arrière

retour en arrière

a literary technique in which an introductory narrative serves as a frame for another story or a series of shorter stories

récit-cadre

récit-cadre

Ex: The frame story provides a meta-narrative framework that invites readers to reflect on the nature of storytelling itself , blurring the lines between fiction and reality .**L'histoire cadre** fournit un cadre méta-narratif qui invite les lecteurs à réfléchir sur la nature de la narration elle-même, brouillant les frontières entre fiction et réalité.

a literary device that reveals a character's inner thoughts and feelings directly to the reader

monologue intérieur, soliloque intérieur

monologue intérieur, soliloque intérieur

to cause the death of a character in a work of fiction, typically for dramatic effects or to advance the plot

éliminer, supprimer

éliminer, supprimer

Ex: The director decided to kill off the character because they felt it would make the story more impactful .Le réalisateur a décidé de **tuer** le personnage parce qu'il pensait que cela rendrait l'histoire plus percutante.

a type of storytelling in which events are presented in a sequential and chronological order, following a cause-and-effect pattern and progressing toward a resolution or endpoint

récit linéaire, narration linéaire

récit linéaire, narration linéaire

a type of storytelling that does not follow a chronological sequence, instead jumping back and forth in time or presenting events out of order

récit non linéaire, narration non linéaire

récit non linéaire, narration non linéaire

a type of storytelling that allows the audience or user to actively participate in the story, making decisions that affect the direction or outcome of the narrative

récit interactif, narration interactive

récit interactif, narration interactive

a tedious or boring section of a work of literature or other artistic work, characterized by a lack of action, tension, or interest

longueur

longueur

a relationship dynamic commonly found in stories, where three characters are romantically involved with each other in a way that creates tension, conflict, and difficult choices

triangle amoureux, ménage à trois

triangle amoureux, ménage à trois

a storytelling device often used in film and literature, referring to an object, goal, or other motivator that drives the plot and characters' actions, but is often irrelevant or unimportant to the overall story itself

un MacGuffin, un objet de quête

un MacGuffin, un objet de quête

to create or embellish a story or a person's life with mythological or heroic elements

mythifier,  mythologiser

mythifier, mythologiser

to narrate
[verbe]

to provide a spoken or written description of an event, story, etc.

raconter

raconter

Ex: The teacher asked each student to narrate a personal story during the storytelling session .Le professeur a demandé à chaque élève de **raconter** une histoire personnelle pendant la séance de narration.

the way of telling or explaining a story, particularly in a movie, novel, etc.

narration

narration

Ex: The nonlinear narration kept viewers engaged as the story unfolded in unexpected ways , revealing key plot points out of sequence .La **narration** non linéaire a maintenu les spectateurs engagés alors que l'histoire se déroulait de manière inattendue, révélant des points clés de l'intrigue hors séquence.

a story or an account of something especially one that is told in a movie, novel, etc.

récit

récit

Ex: He crafted a narrative that seamlessly blended history with fiction .Il a élaboré un **récit** qui mêlait harmonieusement histoire et fiction.

a plotline or a story element that runs throughout a larger narrative, connecting different events and characters together, often with a unifying theme or motif

fil narratif, trame narrative

fil narratif, trame narrative

pace
[nom]

the rhythm, tempo, and speed at which a story unfolds, and how it affects the audience's engagement and emotional response to the narrative

rythme, cadence

rythme, cadence

to attribute human characteristics, traits, or qualities to a non-human object, concept, or animal

personnifier, incarner

personnifier, incarner

plot
[nom]

the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

intrigue

intrigue

Ex: Critics praised the plot of the film for its originality and depth .Les critiques ont salué **l'intrigue** du film pour son originalité et sa profondeur.

a situation where the plot of a story deviates from its original trajectory

dérive de l'intrigue, déviation de l'intrigue

dérive de l'intrigue, déviation de l'intrigue

an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

incohérence dans intrigue, incohérence dans le scénario

incohérence dans intrigue, incohérence dans le scénario

a sudden and unexpected development in the storyline of a narrative, often at a crucial moment

rebondissement, retournement de situation

rebondissement, retournement de situation

a narrative element, often used in literature or film, that is employed by the author or screenwriter to advance the story or create a particular effect

dispositif narratif, artifice scénaristique

dispositif narratif, artifice scénaristique

quibble
[nom]

a plot device where a character uses the exact wording of a rule or agreement to avoid its intended meaning or purpose

argutie, chicane

argutie, chicane

anything that is intended to take people's focus away from what is important

fausse piste, diversion

fausse piste, diversion

Ex: The conspiracy theories circulating online are often filled with red herrings to mislead the public and create confusion .Les théories du complot qui circulent en ligne sont souvent remplies de **fausses pistes** pour induire le public en erreur et créer la confusion.

a term coined by J.R.R. Tolkien to describe a sudden and unexpected turn of events in a story that results in a positive and joyful outcome

eucatastrophe, tournant heureux inattendu

eucatastrophe, tournant heureux inattendu

an instance of showing a scene or event that will happen later in a movie, TV episode, etc. interrupting the chronological order of the plot

avance rapide

avance rapide

in medias res
[Adverbe]

a literary technique in which a narrative begins in the middle of the story, rather than at the beginning

au milieu de l'action, in medias res

au milieu de l'action, in medias res

a literary device used at the beginning of a story to capture the reader's attention and engage their interest

accroche narrative, hameçon narratif

accroche narrative, hameçon narratif

a situation in which one believes that an unfortunate event that has happened to someone is well deserved

justice poétique, châtiment divin

justice poétique, châtiment divin

Ex: The upcoming play promises to deliver moments of poetic justice, where the protagonists triumph over adversity and the antagonists face their comeuppance .La pièce à venir promet de livrer des moments de **justice poétique**, où les protagonistes triomphent de l'adversité et les antagonistes font face à leur châtiment.

a hypothetical situation which presents a moral dilemma where a person or authority must decide whether to use extreme measures to prevent a catastrophic event from occurring

scénario de bombe à retardement, situation de dilemme moral de la bombe à retardement

scénario de bombe à retardement, situation de dilemme moral de la bombe à retardement

a literary technique used to make the familiar seem unfamiliar or strange in order to encourage the reader to see the world in a new way

défamiliarisation, étrangéisation

défamiliarisation, étrangéisation

a narrative technique in which a story is told from multiple perspectives or points of view

multiperspectivité, technique narrative multiperspective

multiperspectivité, technique narrative multiperspective

the struggle between opposing forces in a story, which drives the narrative forward and creates tension and drama

conflit, tension narrative

conflit, tension narrative

a written or spoken line that is spoken by a character in a play, movie, book, or other work of fiction

dialogue, conversation

dialogue, conversation

Ex: The actors rehearsed their dialogue repeatedly before opening night .Les acteurs ont répété leur **dialogue** à plusieurs reprises avant la première.
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