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Litteratur - Narratologi

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till narratologi såsom "climax", "cliffhanger" och "uppföljare".

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Words Related to Literature
bathos
[Substantiv]

a literary device in which an attempt at serious or elevated writing or speech is undermined by an incongruous or absurd use of language or imagery

bathos, besvikelseeffekt

bathos, besvikelseeffekt

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climax
[Substantiv]

the most significant moment in a story, play, movie, etc. with a high dramatic suspense

klimax, höjdpunkt

klimax, höjdpunkt

Ex: The climax of the play marked a turning point in the protagonist 's journey , leading to a profound transformation .Pjäsens **klimax** markerade en vändpunkt i huvudpersonens resa, vilket ledde till en djup förvandling.
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Chekhov's gun
[Substantiv]

a literary principle that states that every element introduced in a story must be necessary and relevant to the plot or it should be removed

Tjechovs gevär, Tjechovs princip

Tjechovs gevär, Tjechovs princip

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comic relief
[Substantiv]

a literary technique that uses humor to interrupt serious or tragic scenes in order to provide a temporary release from emotional tension

komisk lättnad, komisk avlastning

komisk lättnad, komisk avlastning

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contrivance
[Substantiv]

a plot device or a literary technique that is used to resolve a difficult or complicated situation in an unexpected and somewhat unrealistic way

knep, metod

knep, metod

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denouement
[Substantiv]

the last section of a literary or dramatic piece where the plot is concluded and all the matters of the work is explained

upplösning, slut

upplösning, slut

Ex: After a thrilling climax , the novel ’s denouement provided a satisfying resolution to all the conflicts .Efter en spännande klimax gav romanens **upplösning** en tillfredsställande lösning på alla konflikter.
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deus ex machina
[Substantiv]

a literary device where a sudden and unexpected event or character is introduced to resolve a problem in a story

deus ex machina, gudomlig intervention

deus ex machina, gudomlig intervention

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embellishment
[Substantiv]

the act of adding extra details or exaggerating certain aspects of a story or description to make it more interesting or appealing

utsmyckning, överdrift

utsmyckning, överdrift

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ending
[Substantiv]

the final part of a story, movie, etc.

slut, avslutning

slut, avslutning

Ex: They both prefer books with a happy ending.Båda föredrar böcker med ett lyckligt **slut**.
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eponym
[Substantiv]

a person, place, or thing after whom or which something is named

eponym, namngevare

eponym, namngevare

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dangler
[Substantiv]

a plot or character element that is introduced but never fully explained or resolved, leaving the audience with unanswered questions or loose ends

olöst element, hängande handling

olöst element, hängande handling

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setting
[Substantiv]

the time and place in which the story of a movie, play, etc. is taking place

miljö, scen

miljö, scen

Ex: The setting of the fantasy saga is an ancient kingdom filled with magic .**Miljön** för fantasysagan är ett forntida kungarike fyllt av magi.
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cliffhanger
[Substantiv]

an ending to an episode of a series that keeps the audience in suspense

spänning, cliffhanger-slut

spänning, cliffhanger-slut

Ex: As the tension reached its peak , the protagonist found themselves in a perilous situation , setting the stage for a nail-biting cliffhanger that would keep readers guessing until the next installment .När spänningen nådde sin höjdpunkt befann sig huvudpersonen i en farlig situation och skapade scenen för en spännande **cliffhanger** som skulle hålla läsarna gissande till nästa avsnitt.
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premise
[Substantiv]

the basic idea, concept, or foundation upon which a story is built, and often includes the central conflict, characters, setting, and overall tone or genre of the narrative

premiss, antagande

premiss, antagande

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theme
[Substantiv]

a recurring element that is the main idea or subject in a literary or artistic piece

tema, motiv

tema, motiv

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poetic license
[Substantiv]

the freedom to deviate from facts, rules or conventional forms practiced by an artist or author in order to gain a desired effect

poetisk licens, poetisk frihet

poetisk licens, poetisk frihet

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sequel
[Substantiv]

a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

uppföljare

uppföljare

Ex: The sequel exceeded expectations , introducing new twists and revelations that kept audiences on the edge of their seats .**Uppföljaren** överträffade förväntningarna och introducerade nya vändningar och avslöjanden som höll publiken på helspänn.
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spoiler
[Substantiv]

unwanted information about how the plot of a movie, game, book, etc. develops or ends that can ruin one's enjoyment

spoiler, handlingsförrädare

spoiler, handlingsförrädare

Ex: The film ’s spoiler was so widely shared that many people did n’t bother to watch it .
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arc
[Substantiv]

the main theme or the continuous line in which a narrative develops

båge, handlingslinje

båge, handlingslinje

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storyline
[Substantiv]

the plot of a movie, play, novel, etc.

handling, storyline

handling, storyline

Ex: The novel ’s storyline follows the journey of a young girl finding her family .Romanens **handling** följer resan hos en ung flicka som hittar sin familj.
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the continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations of a character in a seemingly unstructured and spontaneous manner

medvetandeström, tankeström

medvetandeström, tankeström

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subplot
[Substantiv]

a series of events in a novel, movie, etc. that is separate from the main story and is less important but is linked to it

subhandling, sidointrig

subhandling, sidointrig

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swashbuckling
[Substantiv]

a genre of literature, film, or entertainment that features action-packed adventures of daring swordplay, romance, and excitement, often set in historical or fantastical settings

kapp- och svärd, äventyr med kappa och svärd

kapp- och svärd, äventyr med kappa och svärd

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synopsis
[Substantiv]

a brief summary or overview of the plot, characters, and major events of a book, movie, or other narrative work

synopsis, sammanfattning

synopsis, sammanfattning

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trope
[Substantiv]

a common or recurring theme, motif, or device that is used in literature, art, or other forms of creative expression

trop, retorisk figur

trop, retorisk figur

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vignette
[Substantiv]

a brief, impressionistic scene or sketch in literature or film that focuses on a particular moment or character

vinjett

vinjett

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writer's block
[Substantiv]

a condition experienced by writers in which they are unable to produce new written material, despite having the desire or obligation to do so

författarblock, kreativ blockad

författarblock, kreativ blockad

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filler
[Substantiv]

any material in a narrative that serves to pad or extend the length of the story without advancing the plot or developing the characters

fyllnad, fyllnadsmaterial

fyllnad, fyllnadsmaterial

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flashback
[Substantiv]

a scene in a story line that interrupts the chronological order and takes the narrative back in time

tillbakablick, flashback

tillbakablick, flashback

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frame story
[Substantiv]

a literary technique in which an introductory narrative serves as a frame for another story or a series of shorter stories

ramberättelse, ramhistoria

ramberättelse, ramhistoria

Ex: The frame story provides a meta-narrative framework that invites readers to reflect on the nature of storytelling itself , blurring the lines between fiction and reality .**Ramberättelsen** ger en meta-narrativ ram som inbjuder läsarna att reflektera över berättandets natur i sig, och suddar ut gränserna mellan fiktion och verklighet.
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interior monologue
[Substantiv]

a literary device that reveals a character's inner thoughts and feelings directly to the reader

inre monolog, inre självkonversation

inre monolog, inre självkonversation

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to cause the death of a character in a work of fiction, typically for dramatic effects or to advance the plot

utplåna, döda

utplåna, döda

Ex: The director decided to kill off the character because they felt it would make the story more impactful .Regissören bestämde sig för att **döda** karaktären eftersom de kände att det skulle göra historien mer slagkraftig.
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linear narrative
[Substantiv]

a type of storytelling in which events are presented in a sequential and chronological order, following a cause-and-effect pattern and progressing toward a resolution or endpoint

linjär berättelse, linjär narration

linjär berättelse, linjär narration

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a type of storytelling that does not follow a chronological sequence, instead jumping back and forth in time or presenting events out of order

ickelinjär berättelse, ickekronologisk berättelse

ickelinjär berättelse, ickekronologisk berättelse

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a type of storytelling that allows the audience or user to actively participate in the story, making decisions that affect the direction or outcome of the narrative

interaktiv berättelse, interaktiv historia

interaktiv berättelse, interaktiv historia

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longueur
[Substantiv]

a tedious or boring section of a work of literature or other artistic work, characterized by a lack of action, tension, or interest

lång och tråkig del

lång och tråkig del

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love triangle
[Substantiv]

a relationship dynamic commonly found in stories, where three characters are romantically involved with each other in a way that creates tension, conflict, and difficult choices

kärlekstriangel, menage à trois

kärlekstriangel, menage à trois

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MacGuffin
[Substantiv]

a storytelling device often used in film and literature, referring to an object, goal, or other motivator that drives the plot and characters' actions, but is often irrelevant or unimportant to the overall story itself

en MacGuffin, ett sökobjekt

en MacGuffin, ett sökobjekt

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to create or embellish a story or a person's life with mythological or heroic elements

mythologisera,  förhärliga

mythologisera, förhärliga

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to provide a spoken or written description of an event, story, etc.

berätta, skildra

berätta, skildra

Ex: The teacher asked each student to narrate a personal story during the storytelling session .Läraren bad varje elev att **berätta** en personlig historia under berättelsesessionen.
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narration
[Substantiv]

the way of telling or explaining a story, particularly in a movie, novel, etc.

berättande, skildring

berättande, skildring

Ex: The nonlinear narration kept viewers engaged as the story unfolded in unexpected ways , revealing key plot points out of sequence .Den icke-linjära **berättelsen** höll tittarna engagerade när historien utvecklades på oväntade sätt och avslöjade viktiga plottpunkter ur ordning.
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narrative
[Substantiv]

a story or an account of something especially one that is told in a movie, novel, etc.

berättelse, skildring

berättelse, skildring

Ex: He crafted a narrative that seamlessly blended history with fiction .Han skapade en **berättelse** som smidigt blandade historia med fiktion.
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narrative thread
[Substantiv]

a plotline or a story element that runs throughout a larger narrative, connecting different events and characters together, often with a unifying theme or motif

berättartråd, handlingslinje

berättartråd, handlingslinje

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pace
[Substantiv]

the rhythm, tempo, and speed at which a story unfolds, and how it affects the audience's engagement and emotional response to the narrative

rytm, hastighet

rytm, hastighet

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to attribute human characteristics, traits, or qualities to a non-human object, concept, or animal

personifiera, förkroppsliga

personifiera, förkroppsliga

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plot
[Substantiv]

the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

handling, plot

handling, plot

Ex: Critics praised the plot of the film for its originality and depth .Kritiker berömde **handlingen** i filmen för dess originalitet och djup.
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plot drift
[Substantiv]

a situation where the plot of a story deviates from its original trajectory

handlingsdrift, handlingsavvikelse

handlingsdrift, handlingsavvikelse

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plot hole
[Substantiv]

an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

plothål, berättarmässig inkonsekvens

plothål, berättarmässig inkonsekvens

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plot twist
[Substantiv]

a sudden and unexpected development in the storyline of a narrative, often at a crucial moment

plottvist, oväntad vändning i handlingen

plottvist, oväntad vändning i handlingen

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plot device
[Substantiv]

a narrative element, often used in literature or film, that is employed by the author or screenwriter to advance the story or create a particular effect

plottenhet, berättarverktyg

plottenhet, berättarverktyg

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quibble
[Substantiv]

a plot device where a character uses the exact wording of a rule or agreement to avoid its intended meaning or purpose

ordmärkeri, spetsfundighet

ordmärkeri, spetsfundighet

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red herring
[Substantiv]

anything that is intended to take people's focus away from what is important

villospår, avledningsmanöver

villospår, avledningsmanöver

Ex: The conspiracy theories circulating online are often filled with red herrings to mislead the public and create confusion .Konspirationsteorier som cirkulerar online är ofta fyllda med **villospår** för att vilseleda allmänheten och skapa förvirring.
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eucatastrophe
[Substantiv]

a term coined by J.R.R. Tolkien to describe a sudden and unexpected turn of events in a story that results in a positive and joyful outcome

eukatastrof, oväntad lycklig vändning

eukatastrof, oväntad lycklig vändning

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flashforward
[Substantiv]

an instance of showing a scene or event that will happen later in a movie, TV episode, etc. interrupting the chronological order of the plot

flashforward, hopp framåt

flashforward, hopp framåt

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a literary technique in which a narrative begins in the middle of the story, rather than at the beginning

mitt i handlingen, in medias res

mitt i handlingen, in medias res

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narrative hook
[Substantiv]

a literary device used at the beginning of a story to capture the reader's attention and engage their interest

berättelsekrok, berättelsehake

berättelsekrok, berättelsehake

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poetic justice
[Substantiv]

a situation in which one believes that an unfortunate event that has happened to someone is well deserved

poetisk rättvisa, gudomlig straff

poetisk rättvisa, gudomlig straff

Ex: The upcoming play promises to deliver moments of poetic justice, where the protagonists triumph over adversity and the antagonists face their comeuppance .Den kommande pjäsen lovar att leverera stunder av **poetisk rättvisa**, där huvudpersonerna triumferar över motgångar och antagonisterna möter sitt välförtjänta öde.
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a hypothetical situation which presents a moral dilemma where a person or authority must decide whether to use extreme measures to prevent a catastrophic event from occurring

tickande timebomb-scenario, moraliskt dilemma i tickande timebomb-situation

tickande timebomb-scenario, moraliskt dilemma i tickande timebomb-situation

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defamiliarization
[Substantiv]

a literary technique used to make the familiar seem unfamiliar or strange in order to encourage the reader to see the world in a new way

defamiliarisering, främmandegöring

defamiliarisering, främmandegöring

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multiperspectivity
[Substantiv]

a narrative technique in which a story is told from multiple perspectives or points of view

multiperspektivitet, berättarteknik med flera perspektiv

multiperspektivitet, berättarteknik med flera perspektiv

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conflict
[Substantiv]

the struggle between opposing forces in a story, which drives the narrative forward and creates tension and drama

konflikt, berättarspänning

konflikt, berättarspänning

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dialogue
[Substantiv]

a written or spoken line that is spoken by a character in a play, movie, book, or other work of fiction

dialog, konversation

dialog, konversation

Ex: The actors rehearsed their dialogue repeatedly before opening night .Skådespelarna repeterade sin **dialog** upprepade gånger före premiären.
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