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Literatura - Narratologia

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas à narratologia como "clímax", "cliffhanger" e "sequência".

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Words Related to Literature
bathos
[substantivo]

a literary device in which an attempt at serious or elevated writing or speech is undermined by an incongruous or absurd use of language or imagery

bathos, efeito anticlimático

bathos, efeito anticlimático

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climax
[substantivo]

the most significant moment in a story, play, movie, etc. with a high dramatic suspense

clímax, ápice

clímax, ápice

Ex: The climax of the play marked a turning point in the protagonist 's journey , leading to a profound transformation .O **clímax** da peça marcou um ponto de viagem na jornada do protagonista, levando a uma transformação profunda.
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Chekhov's gun
[substantivo]

a literary principle that states that every element introduced in a story must be necessary and relevant to the plot or it should be removed

a arma de Tchekhov, o princípio de Tchekhov

a arma de Tchekhov, o princípio de Tchekhov

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comic relief
[substantivo]

a literary technique that uses humor to interrupt serious or tragic scenes in order to provide a temporary release from emotional tension

alívio cômico, descontração cômica

alívio cômico, descontração cômica

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contrivance
[substantivo]

a plot device or a literary technique that is used to resolve a difficult or complicated situation in an unexpected and somewhat unrealistic way

artifício, recurso

artifício, recurso

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denouement
[substantivo]

the last section of a literary or dramatic piece where the plot is concluded and all the matters of the work is explained

desfecho, resolução

desfecho, resolução

Ex: After a thrilling climax , the novel ’s denouement provided a satisfying resolution to all the conflicts .Depois de um clímax emocionante, o **desfecho** do romance proporcionou uma resolução satisfatória para todos os conflitos.
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deus ex machina
[substantivo]

a literary device where a sudden and unexpected event or character is introduced to resolve a problem in a story

deus ex machina, intervenção divina

deus ex machina, intervenção divina

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embellishment
[substantivo]

the act of adding extra details or exaggerating certain aspects of a story or description to make it more interesting or appealing

embelezamento, enfeite

embelezamento, enfeite

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ending
[substantivo]

the final part of a story, movie, etc.

fim, desfecho

fim, desfecho

Ex: They both prefer books with a happy ending.Ambos preferem livros com um **final** feliz.
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eponym
[substantivo]

a person, place, or thing after whom or which something is named

epônimo, homônimo

epônimo, homônimo

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dangler
[substantivo]

a plot or character element that is introduced but never fully explained or resolved, leaving the audience with unanswered questions or loose ends

elemento não resolvido, enredo pendente

elemento não resolvido, enredo pendente

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setting
[substantivo]

the time and place in which the story of a movie, play, etc. is taking place

cenário, ambiente

cenário, ambiente

Ex: The setting of the fantasy saga is an ancient kingdom filled with magic .O **cenário** da saga de fantasia é um reino antigo cheio de magia.
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cliffhanger
[substantivo]

an ending to an episode of a series that keeps the audience in suspense

suspense, final cliffhanger

suspense, final cliffhanger

Ex: As the tension reached its peak , the protagonist found themselves in a perilous situation , setting the stage for a nail-biting cliffhanger that would keep readers guessing until the next installment .À medida que a tensão atingia o seu pico, o protagonista encontrou-se numa situação perigosa, preparando o palco para um **cliffhanger** de suspense que manteria os leitores a adivinhar até à próxima edição.
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premise
[substantivo]

the basic idea, concept, or foundation upon which a story is built, and often includes the central conflict, characters, setting, and overall tone or genre of the narrative

premissa, pressuposto

premissa, pressuposto

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theme
[substantivo]

a recurring element that is the main idea or subject in a literary or artistic piece

tema, motivo

tema, motivo

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poetic license
[substantivo]

the freedom to deviate from facts, rules or conventional forms practiced by an artist or author in order to gain a desired effect

licença poética, liberdade poética

licença poética, liberdade poética

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sequel
[substantivo]

a book, movie, play, etc. that continues and extends the story of an earlier one

sequela

sequela

Ex: The sequel exceeded expectations , introducing new twists and revelations that kept audiences on the edge of their seats .A **sequela** superou as expectativas, introduzindo novos reviravoltas e revelações que mantiveram o público à beira de seus assentos.
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spoiler
[substantivo]

unwanted information about how the plot of a movie, game, book, etc. develops or ends that can ruin one's enjoyment

spoiler, revelação do enredo

spoiler, revelação do enredo

Ex: The film ’s spoiler was so widely shared that many people did n’t bother to watch it .
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arc
[substantivo]

the main theme or the continuous line in which a narrative develops

arco, enredo

arco, enredo

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storyline
[substantivo]

the plot of a movie, play, novel, etc.

enredo, trama

enredo, trama

Ex: The novel ’s storyline follows the journey of a young girl finding her family .A **trama** do romance segue a jornada de uma jovem em busca de sua família.
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the continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and sensations of a character in a seemingly unstructured and spontaneous manner

fluxo de consciência, corrente de consciência

fluxo de consciência, corrente de consciência

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subplot
[substantivo]

a series of events in a novel, movie, etc. that is separate from the main story and is less important but is linked to it

subenredo, história secundária

subenredo, história secundária

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swashbuckling
[substantivo]

a genre of literature, film, or entertainment that features action-packed adventures of daring swordplay, romance, and excitement, often set in historical or fantastical settings

capa e espada, aventuras de capa e espada

capa e espada, aventuras de capa e espada

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synopsis
[substantivo]

a brief summary or overview of the plot, characters, and major events of a book, movie, or other narrative work

sinopse, resumo

sinopse, resumo

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trope
[substantivo]

a common or recurring theme, motif, or device that is used in literature, art, or other forms of creative expression

tropo, figura de linguagem

tropo, figura de linguagem

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vignette
[substantivo]

a brief, impressionistic scene or sketch in literature or film that focuses on a particular moment or character

vinheta

vinheta

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writer's block
[substantivo]

a condition experienced by writers in which they are unable to produce new written material, despite having the desire or obligation to do so

bloqueio do escritor, bloqueio criativo

bloqueio do escritor, bloqueio criativo

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filler
[substantivo]

any material in a narrative that serves to pad or extend the length of the story without advancing the plot or developing the characters

enchimento, material de preenchimento

enchimento, material de preenchimento

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flashback
[substantivo]

a scene in a story line that interrupts the chronological order and takes the narrative back in time

flashback, cena retrospectiva

flashback, cena retrospectiva

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frame story
[substantivo]

a literary technique in which an introductory narrative serves as a frame for another story or a series of shorter stories

história moldura, narrativa moldura

história moldura, narrativa moldura

Ex: The frame story provides a meta-narrative framework that invites readers to reflect on the nature of storytelling itself , blurring the lines between fiction and reality .A **história moldura** fornece uma estrutura meta-narrativa que convida os leitores a refletir sobre a natureza da narrativa em si, borrando as linhas entre ficção e realidade.
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interior monologue
[substantivo]

a literary device that reveals a character's inner thoughts and feelings directly to the reader

monólogo interior, solilóquio interior

monólogo interior, solilóquio interior

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to cause the death of a character in a work of fiction, typically for dramatic effects or to advance the plot

eliminar, matar

eliminar, matar

Ex: The director decided to kill off the character because they felt it would make the story more impactful .O diretor decidiu **matar** o personagem porque achou que isso tornaria a história mais impactante.
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linear narrative
[substantivo]

a type of storytelling in which events are presented in a sequential and chronological order, following a cause-and-effect pattern and progressing toward a resolution or endpoint

narrativa linear, relato linear

narrativa linear, relato linear

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nonlinear narrative
[substantivo]

a type of storytelling that does not follow a chronological sequence, instead jumping back and forth in time or presenting events out of order

narrativa não linear, história não cronológica

narrativa não linear, história não cronológica

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a type of storytelling that allows the audience or user to actively participate in the story, making decisions that affect the direction or outcome of the narrative

narrativa interativa, história interativa

narrativa interativa, história interativa

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longueur
[substantivo]

a tedious or boring section of a work of literature or other artistic work, characterized by a lack of action, tension, or interest

parte longa e entediante

parte longa e entediante

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love triangle
[substantivo]

a relationship dynamic commonly found in stories, where three characters are romantically involved with each other in a way that creates tension, conflict, and difficult choices

triângulo amoroso, menage à trois

triângulo amoroso, menage à trois

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MacGuffin
[substantivo]

a storytelling device often used in film and literature, referring to an object, goal, or other motivator that drives the plot and characters' actions, but is often irrelevant or unimportant to the overall story itself

um MacGuffin, um objeto de busca

um MacGuffin, um objeto de busca

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to create or embellish a story or a person's life with mythological or heroic elements

mitificar,  mitologizar

mitificar, mitologizar

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to narrate
[verbo]

to provide a spoken or written description of an event, story, etc.

narrar, relatar

narrar, relatar

Ex: The teacher asked each student to narrate a personal story during the storytelling session .O professor pediu a cada aluno que **narrasse** uma história pessoal durante a sessão de contação de histórias.
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narration
[substantivo]

the way of telling or explaining a story, particularly in a movie, novel, etc.

narração, relato

narração, relato

Ex: The nonlinear narration kept viewers engaged as the story unfolded in unexpected ways , revealing key plot points out of sequence .A **narração** não linear manteve os espectadores engajados enquanto a história se desenrolava de maneiras inesperadas, revelando pontos-chave do enredo fora de sequência.
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narrative
[substantivo]

a story or an account of something especially one that is told in a movie, novel, etc.

narrativa, relato

narrativa, relato

Ex: He crafted a narrative that seamlessly blended history with fiction .Ele elaborou uma **narrativa** que misturava perfeitamente história com ficção.
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narrative thread
[substantivo]

a plotline or a story element that runs throughout a larger narrative, connecting different events and characters together, often with a unifying theme or motif

fio narrativo, linha narrativa

fio narrativo, linha narrativa

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pace
[substantivo]

the rhythm, tempo, and speed at which a story unfolds, and how it affects the audience's engagement and emotional response to the narrative

ritmo, velocidade

ritmo, velocidade

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to attribute human characteristics, traits, or qualities to a non-human object, concept, or animal

personificar, encarnar

personificar, encarnar

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plot
[substantivo]

the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

enredo, trama

enredo, trama

Ex: Critics praised the plot of the film for its originality and depth .Os críticos elogiaram **o enredo** do filme por sua originalidade e profundidade.
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plot drift
[substantivo]

a situation where the plot of a story deviates from its original trajectory

deriva do enredo, desvio do enredo

deriva do enredo, desvio do enredo

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plot hole
[substantivo]

an apparent mistake or inconsistency in the narrative of a book, motion picture, etc.

buraco no enredo, inconsistência narrativa

buraco no enredo, inconsistência narrativa

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plot twist
[substantivo]

a sudden and unexpected development in the storyline of a narrative, often at a crucial moment

reviravolta, virada inesperada no enredo

reviravolta, virada inesperada no enredo

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plot device
[substantivo]

a narrative element, often used in literature or film, that is employed by the author or screenwriter to advance the story or create a particular effect

recurso narrativo, artifício de enredo

recurso narrativo, artifício de enredo

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quibble
[substantivo]

a plot device where a character uses the exact wording of a rule or agreement to avoid its intended meaning or purpose

sofisma, tecnicismo

sofisma, tecnicismo

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red herring
[substantivo]

anything that is intended to take people's focus away from what is important

pista falsa, distração

pista falsa, distração

Ex: The conspiracy theories circulating online are often filled with red herrings to mislead the public and create confusion .As teorias da conspiração que circulam online estão frequentemente cheias de **pistas falsas** para enganar o público e criar confusão.
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eucatastrophe
[substantivo]

a term coined by J.R.R. Tolkien to describe a sudden and unexpected turn of events in a story that results in a positive and joyful outcome

eucatástrofe, virada feliz inesperada

eucatástrofe, virada feliz inesperada

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flashforward
[substantivo]

an instance of showing a scene or event that will happen later in a movie, TV episode, etc. interrupting the chronological order of the plot

flashforward, salto para frente

flashforward, salto para frente

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in medias res
[advérbio]

a literary technique in which a narrative begins in the middle of the story, rather than at the beginning

no meio da ação, in medias res

no meio da ação, in medias res

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narrative hook
[substantivo]

a literary device used at the beginning of a story to capture the reader's attention and engage their interest

gancho narrativo, isca narrativa

gancho narrativo, isca narrativa

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poetic justice
[substantivo]

a situation in which one believes that an unfortunate event that has happened to someone is well deserved

justiça poética, punição divina

justiça poética, punição divina

Ex: The upcoming play promises to deliver moments of poetic justice, where the protagonists triumph over adversity and the antagonists face their comeuppance .A peça que está por vir promete momentos de **justiça poética**, onde os protagonistas triunfam sobre a adversidade e os antagonistas enfrentam seu merecido castigo.
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a hypothetical situation which presents a moral dilemma where a person or authority must decide whether to use extreme measures to prevent a catastrophic event from occurring

cenário da bomba-relógio, situação de dilema moral da bomba-relógio

cenário da bomba-relógio, situação de dilema moral da bomba-relógio

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defamiliarization
[substantivo]

a literary technique used to make the familiar seem unfamiliar or strange in order to encourage the reader to see the world in a new way

desfamiliarização, estranhamento

desfamiliarização, estranhamento

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multiperspectivity
[substantivo]

a narrative technique in which a story is told from multiple perspectives or points of view

multiperspectividade, técnica narrativa multiperspectiva

multiperspectividade, técnica narrativa multiperspectiva

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conflict
[substantivo]

the struggle between opposing forces in a story, which drives the narrative forward and creates tension and drama

conflito, tensão narrativa

conflito, tensão narrativa

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dialogue
[substantivo]

a written or spoken line that is spoken by a character in a play, movie, book, or other work of fiction

diálogo, conversa

diálogo, conversa

Ex: The actors rehearsed their dialogue repeatedly before opening night .Os atores ensaiaram seu **diálogo** repetidamente antes da estreia.
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