Advanced Vocabulary for TOEFL - Money and Business

to vary or waver between two or more states or amounts

to decline in amount or value in a sudden and rapid way

to increase rapidly to a high level

able to be changed from one form of currency, investment, or security into another

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

relating to government revenue or public money, especially taxes

‌not paid, done, etc. within the required or expected timeframe

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

an unpaid debt that is past due

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

a payment or concession to encourage someone to do something specific

a formal inspection of a business's financial records to see if they are correct and accurate or not

a statement indicating the cost of a specific service or piece of work

a challenging situation caused by a shortage, such as time, money, or resources, that requires immediate attention or action

an amount of money paid regularly to the shareholders of a company

an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

a tax paid on goods imported or exported

the act of loaning money to others and demanding a very high interest rate

financial assets in the form of money or able to be easily converted into money

the theory or policy of controlling the amount of money in circulation as the preferred method of stabilizing the economy

an economic situation with persistent high inflation and a high unemployment rate

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

a business company controlled or owned by a holding or parent company

an advertising television program that tries to promote a product by giving a lot of information about it in a supposedly objective manner

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

a person who lends money to people, typically under illegal conditions, at a very high rate of interest

a wealthy, influential, and successful businessperson

(in business, politics, etc.) a situation in which the competition is so fierce that everyone is willing to do whatever it takes to be successful, even if it means harming others