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Продвинутый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - Деньги и бизнес

Здесь вы узнаете некоторые английские слова о деньгах и бизнесе, такие как "взлетать", "просроченный", "котировка" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to depreciate
to depreciate
[глагол]

to diminish in value, especially over time

обесценивать

обесценивать

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to fluctuate
to fluctuate
[глагол]

to vary or waver between two or more states or amounts

колебаться

колебаться

Ex: The economy fluctuates, affecting businesses and individuals alike. 
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to plummet
to plummet
[глагол]

to decline in amount or value in a sudden and rapid way

резко падать

резко падать

Ex: After the disappointing earnings report, the company's stock value began to plummet. 
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to soar
to soar
[глагол]

to increase rapidly to a high level

взлететь

взлететь

Ex: The price of Bitcoin soared to an all-time high last week. 
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convertible
convertible
[прилагательное]

able to be changed from one form of currency, investment, or security into another

конвертируемый

конвертируемый

Ex: The convertible currency can be easily exchanged for another currency at the current exchange rate. 
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deregulatory
deregulatory
[прилагательное]

relating to the removal or reduction of governmental power or regulations from an industry, commodity, etc.

дерегулирующий

дерегулирующий

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extravagant
extravagant
[прилагательное]

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

экстравагантный

экстравагантный

Ex: She threw an extravagant birthday party with live music and gourmet catering. 
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fiscal
fiscal
[прилагательное]

relating to government revenue or public money, especially taxes

фискальный

фискальный

Ex: The government faces challenges in balancing fiscal priorities while addressing social needs. 
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laissez-faire
laissez-faire
[прилагательное]

relating to a policy in which private businesses are allowed to thrive without government control

экономическое невмешательство

экономическое невмешательство

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overdue
overdue
[прилагательное]

‌not paid, done, etc. within the required or expected timeframe

просроченный

просроченный

Ex: The bill payment is overdue, and late fees may apply. 
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alimony
alimony
[существительное]

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

алименты, поддержка ребенка

алименты, поддержка ребенка

Ex: After the divorce, she was awarded monthly alimony payments to support her financially. 
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arrears
arrears
[существительное]

money that is owed and not yet paid

задолженность

задолженность

Ex: He finally paid off his arrears from the last six months. 
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collateral
collateral
[существительное]

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

обеспечение кредита

обеспечение кредита

Ex: When securing a loan, the bank often requires borrowers to provide collateral, such as real estate or vehicles, to mitigate the risk of default. 
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incentive
incentive
[существительное]

a payment or concession to encourage someone to do something specific

стимул

стимул

Ex: The company offered a bonus as an incentive for employees who exceeded their sales targets. 
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audit
audit
[существительное]

a formal inspection of a business's financial records to see if they are correct and accurate or not

ревизия

ревизия

Ex: The company underwent an audit to ensure compliance with financial regulations. 
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bailout
bailout
[существительное]

an act of giving money to a foreign country, a failing company, or an organization on the verge of collapse to ensure their safety from bankruptcy

финансовая помощь

финансовая помощь

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insolvency
insolvency
[существительное]

the state or condition of not having enough money to pay one's debts

неплатёжеспособность

неплатёжеспособность

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quotation
quotation
[существительное]

a statement indicating the cost of a specific service or piece of work

цитата

цитата

Ex: The contractor provided a detailed quotation for the renovation project, outlining materials and labor costs. 
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crunch
crunch
[существительное]

a challenging situation caused by a shortage, such as time, money, or resources, that requires immediate attention or action

кредитный кризис

кредитный кризис

Ex: The company faced a financial crunch after losing a major client. 
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deflation
deflation
[существительное]

(economics) a decrease in the amount of money in an economy, resulting in falling or unchanged prices

дефляция

дефляция

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dividend
dividend
[существительное]

an amount of money paid regularly to the shareholders of a company

дивиденд

дивиденд

Ex: The company announced a quarterly dividend of $1 per share. 
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leverage
leverage
[существительное]

(finance) the value of a company's shares in relation to its debts

кредитное плечо

кредитное плечо

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ransom
ransom
[существительное]

an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity

выкуп

выкуп

Ex: The kidnappers demanded a large ransom for the safe return of the CEO's daughter. 
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subsidy
subsidy
[существительное]

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

субсидия

субсидия

Ex: The government provides subsidies to farmers to support agricultural production and maintain food security. 
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tariff
tariff
[существительное]

a tax paid on goods imported or exported

тариф

тариф

Ex: The government imposed a tariff on imported steel to protect domestic producers. 
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usury
usury
[существительное]

the practice of lending money at excessively high interest rates, considered unethical or illegal

ростовщичество

ростовщичество

Ex: The lender was accused of usury after charging triple-digit interest. 
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liquidity
liquidity
[существительное]

financial assets in the form of money or able to be easily converted into money

ликвидность

ликвидность

Ex: The company maintained high liquidity to cover unexpected expenses. 
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monetarism
monetarism
[существительное]

the theory or policy of controlling the amount of money in circulation as the preferred method of stabilizing the economy

монетаризм

монетаризм

Ex: Monetarism emphasizes the role of monetary policy over fiscal policy. 
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stagflation
stagflation
[существительное]

an economic situation with persistent high inflation and a high unemployment rate

стагфляция

стагфляция

Ex: The country experienced stagflation, with prices rising and jobs disappearing. 
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clientele
clientele
[существительное]

the collective body of clients served by a business, professional, or institution

клиентура

клиентура

Ex: The boutique's clientele favored minimalist fashion and high-end fabrics. 
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conglomerate
conglomerate
[существительное]

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

конгломерат

конгломерат

Ex: The conglomerate expanded its operations by acquiring companies in various industries such as technology, healthcare, and consumer goods. 
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subsidiary
subsidiary
[существительное]

a business company controlled or owned by a holding or parent company

дочерняя компания

дочерняя компания

Ex: The tech giant acquired a new subsidiary to expand its product line. 
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infomercial
infomercial
[существительное]

an advertising television program that tries to promote a product by giving a lot of information about it in a supposedly objective manner

рекламный ролик

рекламный ролик

Ex: The infomercial for the new kitchen appliance demonstrated its multiple uses and featured testimonials from satisfied customers. 
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curtailment
curtailment
[существительное]

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

сокращение расходов

сокращение расходов

Ex: The company announced a curtailment of its production operations in response to declining market demand. 
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outsourcing
outsourcing
[существительное]

the process of having someone outside of a company provide goods or services for that company

внешний подряд

внешний подряд

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broker
broker
[существительное]

a person whose job is to sell and buy assets and goods for other people

Маклер, торговый посредник

Маклер, торговый посредник

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loan shark
loan shark
[существительное]

a person who lends money to people, typically under illegal conditions, at a very high rate of interest

ростовщик, нелегальный кредитор

ростовщик, нелегальный кредитор

Ex: He borrowed money from a loan shark and ended up owing twice as much. 
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tycoon
tycoon
[существительное]

a rich and powerful person who is successful in business or industry

магнат

магнат

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magnate
magnate
[существительное]

a wealthy, influential, and successful businessperson

магнат

магнат

Ex: John D. Rockefeller started out as a young businessman and quickly became a titan of industry, ultimately earning the title "magnate. 
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dog eat dog
dog eat dog
[фраза]

(in business, politics, etc.) a situation in which the competition is so fierce that everyone is willing to do whatever it takes to be successful, even if it means harming others

жестокая конкуренция, каждый сам за себя

жестокая конкуренция, каждый сам за себя

Ex: The tech industry can be dog eat dog, especially for small startups. 
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