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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Dinero y Negocios

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre dinero y negocios, como "soar", "overdue", "quotation", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to depreciate

to diminish in value, especially over time

depreciarse

depreciarse

to fluctuate

to vary or waver between two or more states or amounts

fluctuar

fluctuar

Ex: Her weight fluctuates depending on her diet and exercise routine. 

Su peso fluctúa dependiendo de su dieta y rutina de ejercicio.

to plummet
to plummet
[Verbo]

to decline in amount or value in a sudden and rapid way

desplomarse

desplomarse

Ex: The housing market experienced a downturn, causing property values to plummet rapidly. 

El mercado de la vivienda experimentó una caída, lo que provocó que los valores de las propiedades desplomaran rápidamente.

to soar
to soar
[Verbo]

to increase rapidly to a high level

aumentar

aumentar

Ex: The popularity of the new restaurant caused its reservations to soar within days of opening. 

La popularidad del nuevo restaurante hizo que sus reservas se dispararan en cuestión de días después de su apertura.

convertible
convertible
[Adjetivo]

able to be changed from one form of currency, investment, or security into another

convertible

convertible

Ex: The convertible preferred stock can be converted into a specified number of common shares. 

Las acciones preferentes convertibles pueden convertirse en un número específico de acciones comunes.

deregulatory
deregulatory
[Adjetivo]

relating to the removal or reduction of governmental power or regulations from an industry, commodity, etc.

desregulador

desregulador

extravagant
extravagant
[Adjetivo]

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

derrochador, despilfarrador

derrochador, despilfarrador

Ex: The hotel's extravagant suites offered breathtaking views and personalized butler service. 

Las suites extravagantes del hotel ofrecían vistas impresionantes y un servicio de mayordomo personalizado.

fiscal
fiscal
[Adjetivo]

relating to government revenue, spending, taxation, or other public finances

fiscal

fiscal

Ex: Rising debt has created serious fiscal pressures for the government. 
laissez-faire
laissez-faire
[Adjetivo]

relating to a policy in which private businesses are allowed to thrive without government control

de no intervención

de no intervención

overdue
overdue
[Adjetivo]

‌not paid, done, etc. within the required or expected timeframe

vencido

vencido

Ex: The project deadline is overdue, and we need to catch up on our tasks. 

La fecha límite del proyecto está atrasada, y necesitamos ponernos al día con nuestras tareas.

alimony
alimony
[Sustantivo]

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

pensión alimenticia

pensión alimenticia

Ex: The terms of the divorce settlement included provisions for alimony and child support. 

Los términos del acuerdo de divorcio incluían disposiciones para pensión alimenticia y manutención infantil.

arrears
arrears
[Sustantivo]

money that is owed and not yet paid

atrasos

atrasos

Ex: Interest continued to accumulate on the outstanding arrears. 

El interés siguió acumulándose sobre los atrasos pendientes.

collateral
collateral
[Sustantivo]

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

garantía

garantía

Ex: In the event of default, the lender has the right to seize and sell the collateral to recover the outstanding debt. 

En caso de incumplimiento, el prestamista tiene derecho a embargar y vender la garantía para recuperar la deuda pendiente.

incentive
incentive
[Sustantivo]

a payment or concession to encourage someone to do something specific

incentivo

incentivo

Ex: The loyalty program offered discounts and rewards as incentives for frequent customers. 

El programa de fidelidad ofrecía descuentos y recompensas como incentivos para los clientes frecuentes.

audit
audit
[Sustantivo]

a formal examination of financial records to check that they are accurate and properly maintained

auditoría

auditoría

Ex: An independent accountant carried out the audit. 
bailout
bailout
[Sustantivo]

an act of giving money to a foreign country, a failing company, or an organization on the verge of collapse to ensure their safety from bankruptcy

auxilio financiero

auxilio financiero

insolvency
insolvency
[Sustantivo]

the state or condition of not having enough money to pay one's debts

insolvencia

insolvencia

quotation
quotation
[Sustantivo]

a statement indicating the cost of a specific service or piece of work

presupuesto

presupuesto

Ex: The company sent a quotation to the client outlining the costs and timeline for the software development project. 
crunch
crunch
[Sustantivo]

a challenging situation caused by a shortage, such as time, money, or resources, that requires immediate attention or action

momento crítico

momento crítico

Ex: The hospital experienced a staffing crunch during flu season. 

El hospital experimentó una escasez de personal durante la temporada de gripe.

deflation
deflation
[Sustantivo]

a sustained decline in prices caused by reduced economic activity

deflación

deflación

Ex: During deflation, consumers delay purchases in anticipation of even lower prices. 
dividend
dividend
[Sustantivo]

a share of a company's profits paid to its shareholders

dividendo

dividendo

Ex: Investors were disappointed when the board decided not to pay a dividend. 
leverage
leverage
[Sustantivo]

(finance) the value of a company's shares in relation to its debts

apalancamiento, efecto de palanca

apalancamiento, efecto de palanca

ransom
ransom
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity

rescate

rescate

Ex: The pirates released the crew unharmed after receiving the agreed-upon ransom from the shipping company. 

Los piratas liberaron a la tripulación ilesa después de recibir el rescate acordado de la compañía naviera.

subsidy
subsidy
[Sustantivo]

money provided by a government or organization to support or encourage an activity, industry, service, or expense

subvención, subsidio

subvención, subsidio

Ex: The company received a subsidy to help develop renewable energy technology. 
tariff
tariff
[Sustantivo]

a tax imposed by a government on goods imported into or exported from a country

tarifa

tarifa

Ex: The company must pay a tariff on each shipment it imports. 
usury
usury
[Sustantivo]

the practice of lending money at excessively high interest rates, considered unethical or illegal

usura

usura

Ex: He made a fortune through usury, preying on desperate borrowers. 

Hizo una fortuna a través de la usura, aprovechándose de los prestatarios desesperados.

liquidity
liquidity
[Sustantivo]

financial assets in the form of money or able to be easily converted into money

liquidez

liquidez

Ex: During a crisis, liquidity can be a lifeline for businesses. 

Durante una crisis, la liquidez puede ser un salvavidas para las empresas.

monetarism
monetarism
[Sustantivo]

the theory or policy of controlling the amount of money in circulation as the preferred method of stabilizing the economy

monetarismo

monetarismo

Ex: Monetarism suggests that inflation can be controlled by regulating the money supply. 

El monetarismo sugiere que la inflación puede controlarse regulando la oferta monetaria.

stagflation
stagflation
[Sustantivo]

an economic situation with persistent high inflation and a high unemployment rate

estanflación

estanflación

Ex: The government tried various strategies to combat stagflation with limited success. 

El gobierno intentó varias estrategias para combatir la estanflación con éxito limitado.

clientele
clientele
[Sustantivo]

the collective body of clients served by a business, professional, or institution

clientela

clientela

Ex: The restaurant catered to an upscale clientele with refined tastes. 

El restaurante atendía a una clientela de alta gama con gustos refinados.

conglomerate
conglomerate
[Sustantivo]

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

conglomerado

conglomerado

Ex: The conglomerate's stock price soared after announcing plans to divest non-core businesses and focus on its core strengths. 

El precio de las acciones del conglomerado se disparó después de anunciar planes para desinvertir en negocios no esenciales y centrarse en sus fortalezas principales.

subsidiary
subsidiary
[Sustantivo]

a company owned or controlled by another, usually larger, company

filial

filial

Ex: The corporation sold one of its overseas subsidiaries last year. 
infomercial
infomercial
[Sustantivo]

an advertising television program that tries to promote a product by giving a lot of information about it in a supposedly objective manner

publirreportaje, infomercial

publirreportaje, infomercial

Ex: The company produced an infomercial to showcase their innovative cleaning solution, highlighting its effectiveness through before-and-after shots. 

La empresa produjo un infomercial para mostrar su solución de limpieza innovadora, destacando su efectividad a través de imágenes de antes y después.

curtailment
curtailment
[Sustantivo]

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

acortamiento

acortamiento

Ex: The curtailment of certain benefits led to employee dissatisfaction and increased turnover. 

La reducción de ciertos beneficios llevó a la insatisfacción de los empleados y a un aumento de la rotación.

outsourcing
outsourcing
[Sustantivo]

the practice of contracting external parties to provide goods or services for a company

externalización

externalización

Ex: She manages outsourcing relationships with several software development vendors. 
broker
broker
[Sustantivo]

a professional who facilitates transactions between buyers and sellers for a commission

corredor de bolsa

corredor de bolsa

Ex: The broker charged a 5% commission on the transaction. 
loan shark
loan shark
[Sustantivo]

a person who lends money to people, typically under illegal conditions, at a very high rate of interest

prestamista usurero, usurero

prestamista usurero, usurero

Ex: She went to a loan shark because the bank refused to lend her money. 

Acudió a un prestamista usurero porque el banco se negó a prestarle dinero.

tycoon
tycoon
[Sustantivo]

a rich and powerful person who is successful in business or industry

magnate

magnate

magnate
magnate
[Sustantivo]

a wealthy, influential, and successful businessperson

magnate

magnate

Ex: Real estate magnate Donald Trump leveraged his family's business into a globally recognized brand throughout hotels, casinos and television. 

El magnate inmobiliario Donald Trump convirtió el negocio familiar en una marca reconocida globalmente a través de hoteles, casinos y televisión.

dog eat dog

(in business, politics, etc.) a situation in which the competition is so fierce that everyone is willing to do whatever it takes to be successful, even if it means harming others

competencia feroz, sálvese quien pueda

competencia feroz, sálvese quien pueda

Ex: In a dog eat dog market, companies cut prices just to hurt their rivals. 

En un mercado de competencia feroz, las empresas bajan precios solo para dañar a sus rivales.

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