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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Dinero y Negocios

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre dinero y negocios, como "soar", "overdue", "quotation", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL

to diminish in value, especially over time

depreciarse

depreciarse

to vary or waver between two or more states or amounts

fluctuar

fluctuar

Ex: The economy is unstable , causing stock prices to fluctuate wildly .La economía es inestable, lo que hace que los precios de las acciones **fluctúen** salvajemente.
to plummet
[Verbo]

to decline in amount or value in a sudden and rapid way

desplomarse

desplomarse

Ex: Political instability in the region caused tourism to plummet, affecting the hospitality industry .La inestabilidad política en la región hizo que el turismo **se desplomara**, afectando a la industria hotelera.
to soar
[Verbo]

to increase rapidly to a high level

aumentar

aumentar

Ex: The demand for electric cars is expected to soar in the coming years as more people seek environmentally-friendly transportation options .Se espera que la demanda de coches eléctricos **se dispare** en los próximos años a medida que más personas buscan opciones de transporte respetuosas con el medio ambiente.
convertible
[Adjetivo]

able to be changed from one form of currency, investment, or security into another

convertible

convertible

Ex: The convertible mortgage allows borrowers to switch between fixed and adjustable interest rates .La hipoteca **convertible** permite a los prestatarios cambiar entre tasas de interés fijas y ajustables.
deregulatory
[Adjetivo]

relating to the removal or reduction of governmental power or regulations from an industry, commodity, etc.

desregulador

desregulador

extravagant
[Adjetivo]

costing a lot of money, more than the necessary or affordable amount

derrochador, despilfarrador

derrochador, despilfarrador

Ex: The CEO 's extravagant spending habits raised eyebrows among shareholders and employees alike .Los hábitos de gasto **extravagantes** del CEO hicieron levantar las cejas tanto a los accionistas como a los empleados.
fiscal
[Adjetivo]

relating to government revenue or public money, especially taxes

fiscal

fiscal

Ex: Fiscal responsibility is essential for maintaining the stability of the economy .La responsabilidad **fiscal** es esencial para mantener la estabilidad de la economía.
laissez-faire
[Adjetivo]

relating to a policy in which private businesses are allowed to thrive without government control

de no intervención

de no intervención

overdue
[Adjetivo]

‌not paid, done, etc. within the required or expected timeframe

vencido

vencido

Ex: The rent payment is overdue, and the landlord has issued a reminder .El pago del alquiler está **atrasado**, y el propietario ha emitido un recordatorio.
alimony
[Sustantivo]

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

pensión alimenticia

pensión alimenticia

Ex: The judge considered various factors in determining the amount of alimony to be paid .El juez consideró varios factores para determinar la cantidad de **pensión alimenticia** que se debe pagar.
arrears
[Sustantivo]

an unpaid debt that is past due

atrasos

atrasos

Ex: Sarah finally cleared her tax arrears by entering into a payment plan with the IRS , relieving her of a considerable financial burden .Sarah finalmente liquidó sus **atrasos** fiscales al acordar un plan de pago con el IRS, liberándose de una carga financiera considerable.
collateral
[Sustantivo]

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

garantía

garantía

Ex: The entrepreneur pledged his stock portfolio as collateral to secure the business loan needed to expand his company .El empresario comprometió su cartera de acciones como **garantía** para asegurar el préstamo comercial necesario para expandir su empresa.
incentive
[Sustantivo]

a payment or concession to encourage someone to do something specific

incentivo

incentivo

Ex: The government introduced subsidies as an incentive for farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural practices .El gobierno introdujo subsidios como **incentivo** para que los agricultores adopten prácticas agrícolas sostenibles.
audit
[Sustantivo]

a formal inspection of a business's financial records to see if they are correct and accurate or not

auditoría

auditoría

Ex: The IRS conducted a tax audit to verify the accuracy of the individual 's tax returns .El IRS realizó una **auditoría** fiscal para verificar la exactitud de las declaraciones de impuestos del individuo.
bailout
[Sustantivo]

an act of giving money to a foreign country, a failing company, or an organization on the verge of collapse to ensure their safety from bankruptcy

auxilio financiero

auxilio financiero

insolvency
[Sustantivo]

the state or condition of not having enough money to pay one's debts

insolvencia

insolvencia

quotation
[Sustantivo]

a statement indicating the cost of a specific service or piece of work

presupuesto

presupuesto

Ex: Before signing the contract , they reviewed the quotation to ensure it aligned with their budget and expectations .Antes de firmar el contrato, revisaron el **presupuesto** para asegurarse de que se ajustaba a su presupuesto y expectativas.
crunch
[Sustantivo]

a challenging situation caused by a shortage, such as time, money, or resources, that requires immediate attention or action

momento crítico

momento crítico

Ex: The team hit a resource crunch when supplies did n't arrive on time .El equipo se enfrentó a una **escasez** de recursos cuando los suministros no llegaron a tiempo.
deflation
[Sustantivo]

(economics) a decrease in the amount of money in an economy, resulting in falling or unchanged prices

deflación

deflación

dividend
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money paid regularly to the shareholders of a company

dividendo

dividendo

Ex: The board decided to increase the dividend this year .La junta decidió aumentar el **dividendo** este año.
leverage
[Sustantivo]

(finance) the value of a company's shares in relation to its debts

apalancamiento, efecto de palanca

apalancamiento, efecto de palanca

ransom
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity

rescate

rescate

Ex: Hostage negotiations are delicate processes aimed at securing the safe release of captives without paying ransom.Las negociaciones de rehenes son procesos delicados destinados a garantizar la liberación segura de los cautivos sin pagar un **rescate**.
subsidy
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

subvención, subsidio

subvención, subsidio

Ex: The arts organization relies on government subsidies to fund its cultural programs and events .La organización artística depende de los **subsidios** gubernamentales para financiar sus programas y eventos culturales.
tariff
[Sustantivo]

a tax paid on goods imported or exported

tarifa

tarifa

Ex: Businesses are concerned about potential tariff increases that could impact their supply chain costs .Las empresas están preocupadas por los posibles aumentos de **aranceles** que podrían afectar sus costos de cadena de suministro.
usury
[Sustantivo]

the act of loaning money to others and demanding a very high interest rate

usura

usura

Ex: Traditional moneylenders in rural areas often engage in usury, taking advantage of people 's lack of knowledge .Los prestamistas tradicionales en las zonas rurales a menudo se dedican a la **usura**, aprovechándose de la falta de conocimiento de las personas.
liquidity
[Sustantivo]

financial assets in the form of money or able to be easily converted into money

liquidez

liquidez

Ex: The central bank provided liquidity to the financial markets .El banco central proporcionó **liquidez** a los mercados financieros.
monetarism
[Sustantivo]

the theory or policy of controlling the amount of money in circulation as the preferred method of stabilizing the economy

monetarismo

monetarismo

Ex: Supporters of monetarism believe that a stable money supply ensures economic stability .Los partidarios del **monetarismo** creen que un suministro de dinero estable asegura la estabilidad económica.
stagflation
[Sustantivo]

an economic situation with persistent high inflation and a high unemployment rate

estanflación

estanflación

Ex: Policymakers were puzzled by the stagflation, as both inflation and unemployment rose .Los responsables políticos estaban desconcertados por la **estanflación**, ya que tanto la inflación como el desempleo aumentaron.
clientele
[Sustantivo]

all the customers collectively

clientela

clientela

conglomerate
[Sustantivo]

a corporation formed by merging different firms or businesses

conglomerado

conglomerado

Ex: Shareholders expressed concerns about the conglomerate's complex corporate structure and urged management to streamline operations for better efficiency .Los accionistas expresaron su preocupación por la compleja estructura corporativa del **conglomerado** y urgieron a la gerencia a simplificar las operaciones para una mejor eficiencia.
subsidiary
[Sustantivo]

a business company controlled or owned by a holding or parent company

filial

filial

Ex: The retail chain has subsidiaries in different countries .La cadena minorista tiene **filiales** en diferentes países.
infomercial
[Sustantivo]

an advertising television program that tries to promote a product by giving a lot of information about it in a supposedly objective manner

publirreportaje, infomercial

publirreportaje, infomercial

Ex: The fitness guru starred in an infomercial, explaining the benefits of their workout program and offering a special discount to viewers who order within the next 30 minutes .El gurú del fitness protagonizó un **infomercial**, explicando los beneficios de su programa de entrenamiento y ofreciendo un descuento especial a los espectadores que ordenen en los próximos 30 minutos.
curtailment
[Sustantivo]

the act of reducing or limiting something in order to reach financial stability

acortamiento

acortamiento

Ex: Curtailment of capital expenditures was necessary to preserve cash flow during the financial downturn.La **reducción** de los gastos de capital fue necesaria para preservar el flujo de caja durante la crisis financiera.
outsourcing
[Sustantivo]

the process of having someone outside of a company provide goods or services for that company

externalización

externalización

broker
[Sustantivo]

a person whose job is to sell and buy assets and goods for other people

corredor de bolsa

corredor de bolsa

loan shark
[Sustantivo]

a person who lends money to people, typically under illegal conditions, at a very high rate of interest

usurero

usurero

Ex: We heard stories of people who had borrowed from loan sharks and suffered dire consequences as a result .Escuchamos historias de personas que habían pedido prestado a **usureros** y sufrieron terribles consecuencias como resultado.
tycoon
[Sustantivo]

a rich and powerful person who is successful in business or industry

magnate

magnate

magnate
[Sustantivo]

a wealthy, influential, and successful businessperson

magnate

magnate

Ex: Real estate magnate Donald Trump leveraged his family 's business into a globally recognized brand throughout hotels , casinos and television .El magnate inmobiliario Donald Trump convirtió el negocio familiar en una marca reconocida globalmente a través de hoteles, casinos y televisión.

(in business, politics, etc.) a situation in which the competition is so fierce that everyone is willing to do whatever it takes to be successful, even if it means harming others

perro come perro

perro come perro

Ex: The competition for the job is fierce , and it 's dog eat dog situation .
Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL
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