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B2 Level Wordlist - World of Science

Here you will learn some English words about the world of science, such as "biochemistry", "biological", "bacteria", etc. prepared for B2 learners.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
biochemistry

a field of science that deals with the chemistry of organisms

Ex: Enzymes, which are proteins that speed up chemical reactions, are a key focus in biochemistry. 
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biological
biological
[Adjective]

relating to biology or the scientific study of living organisms

Ex: Maria is conducting biological research on marine organisms. 
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artificial
artificial
[Adjective]

made or produced by people rather than occurring naturally

Ex: The stadium uses artificial grass instead of a natural playing surface. 
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bacteria
bacteria
[noun]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

Ex: Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter in the ecosystem. 
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being
being
[noun]

a living thing, such as a tree, human, animal, etc.

Ex: Every being plays a role in its ecosystem, contributing to the balance of nature. 
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cycle
cycle
[noun]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

Ex: The water cycle describes how water moves through the environment in different forms. 
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DNA
DNA
[noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

Ex: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the genetic instructions for living organisms. 
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genetics
genetics
[noun]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

Ex: Understanding genetics helps scientists explore how diseases are passed through families. 
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to evolve
to evolve
[Verb]

to change genetically across generations through the process of evolution

Ex: Bacteria can evolve resistance to antibiotics. 
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compound
compound
[noun]

a pure substance formed from two or more chemical elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions

Ex: Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. 
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element
element
[noun]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

Ex: Oxygen is an essential element for human respiration. 
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matter
matter
[noun]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

Ex: All objects, whether solid, liquid, or gas, are made of matter. 
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mineral
mineral
[noun]

a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a characteristic chemical composition and physical structure

Ex: Quartz is one of the most common minerals in Earth's crust. 
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molecule
molecule
[noun]

the smallest unit of a substance that can exist independently while retaining its chemical properties

Ex: A water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 
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solution
solution
[noun]

a mixture of different liquids

Ex: Many cleaning products are solutions that mix different liquids for better effectiveness. 
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boiling point

the temperature at which a liquid starts boiling

Ex: Water has a boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius at sea level. 
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freezing point

the temperature at which liquid becomes solid

Ex: The freezing point of ethanol is lower than that of water. 
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radiation
radiation
[noun]

energy emitted or transmitted through space or matter in the form of waves or particles

Ex: The detector measures radiation from distant stars. 
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to advance

to help something progress or succeed

Ex: The student diligently studied each day to advance their understanding of the subject. 
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to absorb
to absorb
[Verb]

to take in a liquid, gas, or other substance, especially gradually

Ex: A dry sponge quickly absorbs water. 
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to activate

to make a substance radioactive

Ex: Neutron exposure can activate certain materials in the reactor. 
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to generate

to produce energy, such as heat, electricity, etc.

Ex: The solar panels on the roof generate electricity for the entire house. 
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industry
industry
[noun]

the manufacture of goods using raw materials, particularly in factories

Ex: The automotive industry is a major contributor to the national economy. 
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civil engineering

a field of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and repair of buildings, bridges, roads, etc.

Ex: Civil engineering plays a crucial role in urban development and city planning. 
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sensor
sensor
[noun]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

Ex: The temperature sensor measures the heat in the environment to adjust the heating system. 
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circuit
circuit
[noun]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on. 
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field
field
[noun]

(physics) the space or area within which the effect of a particular force exists

Ex: The gravitational field of Earth pulls objects toward its center. 
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wire
wire
[noun]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
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live wire
live wire
[noun]

a wire that carries electrical current and has the potential to cause electric shock or injury if touched

Ex: Be cautious when working near live wires to avoid electrical shocks. 
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motion
motion
[noun]

a natural process involving a change in position or orientation of an object

Ex: The planet's motion around the sun is elliptical. 
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to monitor

to carefully check the quality, activity, or changes of something or someone for a period of time

Ex: Parents often need to monitor their children's online activities to ensure a safe digital environment. 
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motor
motor
[noun]

a machine that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy

Ex: The electric motor powered the conveyor belt in the factory. 
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rate
rate
[noun]

the number of times something changes or happens during a specific period of time

Ex: The crime rate in the city has decreased significantly over the past year. 
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weathering

the effect of sunlight, wind, or rain, on rocks that makes them change color or appearance

Ex: The old building showed signs of weathering, with crumbling bricks and faded paint. 
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impervious
impervious
[Adjective]

preventing a substance such as liquid from passing through

Ex: The impervious seal on the container kept the chemicals inside safe from contamination. 
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