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El libro English File - Intermedio Alto - Lección 9A

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Lección 9A del libro de curso English File Upper Intermediate, como "publicidad", "demandar", "exportar", etc.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
to claim
to claim
[Verbo]

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

asegurar

asegurar

Ex: Yesterday, the politician confidently claimed that the opposition's policies were harmful. 

Ayer, el político afirmó con seguridad que las políticas de la oposición eran perjudiciales.

misleading
misleading
[Adjetivo]

intended to give a wrong idea or make one believe something that is untrue

engañoso

engañoso

Ex: The politician's speech was filled with misleading statements designed to sway public opinion. 

El discurso del político estaba lleno de declaraciones engañosas diseñadas para influir en la opinión pública.

advertisement
advertisement
[Sustantivo]

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

anuncio, comercial

anuncio, comercial

Ex: She saw an advertisement for a job vacancy in the local newspaper. 

Ella vio un anuncio para una vacante de trabajo en el periódico local.

brand
brand
[Sustantivo]

the name that a particular product or service is identified with

marca

marca

Ex: As a luxury brand, Rolex commands a premium price for its watches. 

Como marca de lujo, Rolex impone un precio premium por sus relojes.

publicity
publicity
[Sustantivo]

actions or information that are meant to gain the support or attention of the public

publicidad,  promoción

publicidad, promoción

Ex: The charity event received positive publicity after being featured in local newspapers and TV programs. 

El evento benéfico recibió publicidad positiva después de ser destacado en periódicos locales y programas de televisión.

to sue
to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

Ex: The author opted to sue the publisher for copyright infringement. 

El autor optó por demandar al editor por infracción de derechos de autor.

slogan
slogan
[Sustantivo]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

eslogan

eslogan

Ex: The marketing team spent weeks brainstorming the perfect slogan to capture the essence of their new product. 

El equipo de marketing pasó semanas haciendo lluvia de ideas para el eslogan perfecto que capturara la esencia de su nuevo producto.

advertising campaign

a coordinated and strategic effort to promote a product, service, or brand using a series of advertisements or marketing messages over a period of time

campaña publicitaria, campaña de publicidad

campaña publicitaria, campaña de publicidad

Ex: The advertising campaign was so successful that sales of the product skyrocketed within the first week of its release. 

La campaña publicitaria fue tan exitosa que las ventas del producto se dispararon en la primera semana de su lanzamiento.

consumer
consumer
[Sustantivo]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

consumidor

consumidor

Ex: The new smartphone model received positive reviews from consumers. 

El nuevo modelo de smartphone recibió críticas positivas de los consumidores.

business
business
[Sustantivo]

the activity of providing services or products in exchange for money

negocios

negocios

Ex: She invested her savings in a start-up business. 

Ella invirtió sus ahorros en un negocio emergente.

to become
to become
[Verbo]

to start or grow to be

convertirse en, volverse, hacerse, llegar a ser

convertirse en, volverse, hacerse, llegar a ser

Ex: I became interested in photography after attending a workshop. 

Me volví interesado en la fotografía después de asistir a un taller.

to close down

(of a business, shop, company, etc.) to no longer be open or operating, particularly permanently

cerrar definitivamente, cesar operaciones

cerrar definitivamente, cesar operaciones

Ex: The restaurant is expected to close down by the end of the year. 

Se espera que el restaurante cierre para finales de año.

to drop
to drop
[Verbo]

to let or make something fall to the ground

soltar

soltar

Ex: The fire was caused by someone dropping a lighted cigarette. 

El incendio fue causado por alguien que dejó caer un cigarrillo encendido.

to grow
to grow
[Verbo]

to become greater in size, amount, number, or quality

crecer, aumentar

crecer, aumentar

Ex: The excitement in the room grew with each passing minute. 

La emoción en la habitación crecía con cada minuto que pasaba.

to expand
to expand
[Verbo]

to become something greater in quantity, importance, or size

expandirse

expandirse

Ex: With technological advancements, the capabilities of smartphones expanded. 

Con los avances tecnológicos, las capacidades de los teléfonos inteligentes se expandieron.

to export
to export
[Verbo]

to send goods or services to a foreign country for sale or trade

exportar

exportar

Ex: The textile industry exports fabrics and garments to meet international demand. 

La industria textil exporta telas y prendas de vestir para satisfacer la demanda internacional.

to import
to import
[Verbo]

to buy goods from a foreign country and bring them to one's own

importar

importar

Ex: The automotive industry frequently imports components from various global suppliers. 

La industria automotriz importa con frecuencia componentes de varios proveedores globales.

to launch
to launch
[Verbo]

to start an organized activity or operation

lanzar

lanzar

Ex: We are launching the project later today. 

Estamos lanzando el proyecto más tarde hoy.

to manufacture

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

fabricar

fabricar

Ex: The textile industry manufactures fabrics through automated weaving and dyeing processes. 

La industria textil fabrica tejidos mediante procesos automatizados de tejido y teñido.

market
market
[Sustantivo]

a public place where people buy and sell groceries

mercado

mercado

Ex: She enjoyed browsing the stalls at the outdoor market, sampling cheeses and pastries. 

Disfrutaba recorriendo los puestos del mercado al aire libre, probando quesos y pasteles.

to merge
to merge
[Verbo]

to combine and create one whole

unirse

unirse

Ex: The traffic from multiple lanes gradually merged on the highway. 

El tráfico de varios carriles se fusionó gradualmente en la autopista.

to produce
to produce
[Verbo]

to make something using raw materials or different components

producir

producir

Ex: The factory produces an incredible 100 cars per hour. 

La fábrica produce una increíble cantidad de 100 coches por hora.

to set up
to set up
[Verbo]

to establish a fresh entity, such as a company, system, or organization

establecer

establecer

Ex: They decided to set up a foundation for environmental conservation. 

Decidieron establecer una fundación para la conservación del medio ambiente.

to take over

to begin to be in charge of something, often previously managed by someone else

tomar el poder

tomar el poder

Ex: The elected official is taking over the office duties this week. 

El funcionario electo se hace cargo de las funciones de la oficina esta semana.

new
new
[Adjetivo]

recently invented, made, etc.

nuevo

nuevo

Ex: I'm excited to try out my new pair of running shoes. 

Estoy emocionado de probar mi nuevo par de zapatillas para correr.

product
product
[Sustantivo]

something that is created or grown for sale

producto

producto

Ex: Farmers in the region grow a variety of agricultural products, including fruits and vegetables. 

Los agricultores de la región cultivan una variedad de productos agrícolas, incluyendo frutas y verduras.

to flop
to flop
[Verbo]

to move in a loose, uncontrolled, or erratic manner

revolcarse, agitarse

revolcarse, agitarse

Ex: After a long run, the exhausted runner's legs started to flop as they struggled to maintain pace. 

Después de una larga carrera, las piernas del corredor exhausto comenzaron a flopear mientras luchaba por mantener el ritmo.

market leader
market leader
[Sustantivo]

a specific product that outsells the other products of its kind

líder del mercado

líder del mercado

Ex: The market leader in athletic footwear has dominated the industry for years, with no close competitors in sight. 

El líder del mercado en calzado deportivo ha dominado la industria durante años, sin competidores cercanos a la vista.

head
head
[Sustantivo]

a person in a leadership or authority position within a specific organization or group

jefe

jefe

Ex: She worked hard and became the head of her unit. 

Ella trabajó duro y se convirtió en la jefa de su unidad.

office
office
[Sustantivo]

a place where people work, particularly behind a desk

oficina

oficina

Ex: The remote team collaborated seamlessly through virtual offices, leveraging technology for communication. 

El equipo remoto colaboró sin problemas a través de oficinas virtuales, aprovechando la tecnología para la comunicación.

branch
branch
[Sustantivo]

a store, office, etc. that belongs to a larger business, organization, etc. and is representing it in a certain area

sucursal, filial

sucursal, filial

Ex: The company's branch in New York handles all the east coast operations and customer service inquiries. 

La sucursal de la empresa en Nueva York maneja todas las operaciones de la costa este y las consultas de servicio al cliente.

boom
boom
[Sustantivo]

a time of great economic growth

boom

boom

Ex: The boom in tourism brought prosperity to the small coastal town, with hotels and restaurants thriving. 

El auge del turismo trajo prosperidad al pequeño pueblo costero, con hoteles y restaurantes prosperando.

to do
to do
[Verbo]

to perform an action that is not mentioned by name

hacer

hacer

Ex: In times of crisis, people often come together to do whatever is necessary. 

En tiempos de crisis, la gente a menudo se une para hacer lo que sea necesario.

to make
to make
[Verbo]

to form, produce, or prepare something, by putting parts together or by combining materials

hacer

hacer

Ex: The factory workers make thousands of cars every month. 

Los trabajadores de la fábrica fabrican miles de coches cada mes.

deal
deal
[Sustantivo]

an agreement between two or more parties, typically involving the exchange of goods, services, or property

acuerdo, trato

acuerdo, trato

Ex: The real estate agent brokered a deal between the buyer and seller for the purchase of the property. 

El agente inmobiliario intermedió un acuerdo entre el comprador y el vendedor para la compra de la propiedad.

decision
decision
[Sustantivo]

a choice or judgment that is made after adequate consideration or thought

decisión

decisión

Ex: His decision to move to a new city was influenced by his desire for a fresh start and new opportunities. 

Su decisión de mudarse a una nueva ciudad fue influenciada por su deseo de un nuevo comienzo y nuevas oportunidades.

job
job
[Sustantivo]

the work that we do regularly to earn money

trabajo

trabajo

Ex: His dream job is to become a firefighter. 

Su trabajo soñado es convertirse en bombero.

loss
loss
[Sustantivo]

the act or process of no longer having someone or something

pérdida

pérdida

Ex: He felt a profound loss when his job ended. 

Sintió una pérdida profunda cuando su trabajo terminó.

market research
market research
[Sustantivo]

the act of gathering information about what people need or buy the most and why

estudio de mercado

estudio de mercado

Ex: The success of the advertising campaign was attributed to thorough market research, which identified the target audience's needs and desires. 

El éxito de la campaña publicitaria se atribuyó a una investigación de mercado exhaustiva, que identificó las necesidades y deseos del público objetivo.

redundant
redundant
[Adjetivo]

surpassing what is needed or required, and so, no longer of use

redundante, superfluo

redundante, superfluo

Ex: The old equipment became redundant after the new system was installed. 

El equipo antiguo se volvió redundante después de que se instaló el nuevo sistema.

well
well
[Adverbio]

in a way that is right or satisfactory

bien

bien

Ex: Despite the challenges, the business is doing well. 

A pesar de los desafíos, el negocio va bien.

badly
badly
[Adverbio]

in a way that is not satisfactory, acceptable, or successful

mal, de manera insatisfactoria

mal, de manera insatisfactoria

Ex: The team played badly in the second half. 

El equipo jugó mal en el segundo tiempo.

to [mix] business with pleasure

to combine enjoyable activities with one's work

mezclar trabajo y placer, combinar trabajo y disfrute

mezclar trabajo y placer, combinar trabajo y disfrute

Ex: On this business trip, we can mix business with pleasure and visit the coast after the meetings. 

En este viaje de trabajo podemos combinar trabajo y disfrute y visitar la costa después de las reuniones.

unfinished business

a thing that has not been completed, discussed, or dealt with yet

asuntos pendientes, negocios inconclusos

asuntos pendientes, negocios inconclusos

Ex: He returned to the office on Monday to tackle the unfinished business from last week’s presentation. 

Regresó a la oficina el lunes para abordar los asuntos pendientes de la presentación de la semana pasada.

to [mind] {one's} own business

to only concern oneself with one's own private matters and not to interfere in those of others

ocuparse de sus propios asuntos, no meterse donde no lo llaman

ocuparse de sus propios asuntos, no meterse donde no lo llaman

Ex: "Where have you been?" Mind your own business! 

Ojalá mi vecina se ocupara de sus propios asuntos y dejara de preguntar quién viene a verme.

none of {one's} business

used to tell someone that it is not necessary for them to know about something and that they should stop questioning about it

no ser asunto de nadie, no incumbirle a nadie

no ser asunto de nadie, no incumbirle a nadie

Ex: When the nosy neighbor inquired about their relationship status, Sarah told her partner, "Let's just say it's none of her business." 

Si están saliendo o no, no es asunto nuestro.

to [mean] business

to be very serious about fulfilling one's intentions

ir en serio, no andar con bromas

ir en serio, no andar con bromas

Ex: After the warning letter arrived, we realized the landlord meant business. 
to get down to

to start focusing on and engaging in a task or activity in a serious or determined manner

ponerse seriamente a, aplicarse a

ponerse seriamente a, aplicarse a

Ex: The team planned to get down to the details of the business proposal. 

El equipo planeó centrarse en los detalles de la propuesta de negocio.

to [go] out of business

to cease to exist as a functional company or business due to financial challenges or difficulties

cerrar el negocio, quebrar

cerrar el negocio, quebrar

Ex: If rent keeps rising, the small shop may go out of business. 

Si el alquiler sigue subiendo, la tienda pequeña puede cerrar.

any
any
[Determinante]

used to say that it does not matter which individual or amount from a group is chosen or referred to

ningún

ningún

Ex: Any student can participate, regardless of grade level. 

Cualquier estudiante puede participar, independientemente del nivel de grado.

other
other
[Adjetivo]

being the one that is different, extra, or not included

otro

otro

Ex: This dish is spicy, but the other dish is mild. 

Este plato es picante, pero el otro plato es suave.

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