pattern

Aklat English File - Itaas na Intermediate - Aralin 9A

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Aralin 9A sa English File Upper Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "publicity", "sue", "export", atbp.

review-disable

Repasuhin

flashcard-disable

Flashcards

spelling-disable

Pagbaybay

quiz-disable

Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
English File - Upper Intermediate
to claim
[Pandiwa]

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

mag-claim, magpahayag

mag-claim, magpahayag

Ex: Right now , the marketing campaign is actively claiming the product to be the best in the market .Sa ngayon, aktibong **inaangkin** ng marketing campaign na ang produkto ang pinakamahusay sa merkado.
misleading
[pang-uri]

intended to give a wrong idea or make one believe something that is untrue

nakakalinlang, nakaliligaw

nakakalinlang, nakaliligaw

Ex: The news article was criticized for its misleading portrayal of the events that occurred .Ang artikulo ng balita ay pinintasan dahil sa **nakakalinlang** na paglalarawan nito sa mga nangyaring pangyayari.
advertisement
[Pangngalan]

any movie, picture, note, etc. designed to promote products or services to the public

patalastas, anunsiyo

patalastas, anunsiyo

Ex: The government released an advertisement about the importance of vaccinations .Ang pamahalaan ay naglabas ng isang **advertisement** tungkol sa kahalagahan ng mga bakuna.
brand
[Pangngalan]

the name that a particular product or service is identified with

tatak, pangalan ng produkto

tatak, pangalan ng produkto

Ex: Building a reputable brand takes years of consistent effort and delivering on promises to customers .Ang pagbuo ng isang respetadong **brand** ay nangangailangan ng taon ng tuluy-tuloy na pagsisikap at pagtupad sa mga pangako sa mga customer.
publicity
[Pangngalan]

actions or information that are meant to gain the support or attention of the public

publisidad,  promosyon

publisidad, promosyon

Ex: The movie studio hired a PR firm to increase the film 's publicity through interviews , posters , and trailer releases .Ang movie studio ay umupa ng isang PR firm upang madagdagan ang **publicity** ng pelikula sa pamamagitan ng mga interbyu, poster, at paglabas ng trailer.
to sue
[Pandiwa]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

magdemanda, isakdal

magdemanda, isakdal

Ex: Last year , the author successfully sued the competitor for plagiarism .Noong nakaraang taon, matagumpay na **isinampa ng may-akda ang kaso** laban sa katunggali dahil sa plagiarism.
slogan
[Pangngalan]

a short memorable phrase that is used in advertising to draw people's attention toward something

slogan, motto

slogan, motto

Ex: The environmental group 's slogan " Save the Earth , One Step at a Time " resonated deeply with the public during their campaign .Ang **slogan** ng environmental group na "Save the Earth, One Step at a Time" ay malalim na tumimo sa publiko noong kanilang kampanya.

a coordinated and strategic effort to promote a product, service, or brand using a series of advertisements or marketing messages over a period of time

kampanya sa advertising, kampanya sa pagmemerkado

kampanya sa advertising, kampanya sa pagmemerkado

Ex: The advertising campaign for the smartphone featured a series of commercials that highlighted its innovative features and sleek design .Ang **advertising campaign** para sa smartphone ay nagtatampok ng serye ng mga commercial na nag-highlight sa mga makabagong feature at sleek design nito.
consumer
[Pangngalan]

someone who buys and uses services or goods

konsumer, kliyente

konsumer, kliyente

Ex: Online reviews play a significant role in helping consumers make informed choices .Ang mga online review ay may malaking papel sa pagtulong sa mga **consumer** na gumawa ng mga informed na pagpipilian.
business
[Pangngalan]

the activity of providing services or products in exchange for money

negosyo, propesyon

negosyo, propesyon

Ex: He started a landscaping business after graduating from college .Nag-start siya ng landscaping na **negosyo** pagkatapos niyang grumaduwa sa kolehiyo.
to become
[Pandiwa]

to start or grow to be

maging,  maging

maging, maging

Ex: The noise became unbearable during construction .Ang ingay ay **naging** hindi matiis sa panahon ng konstruksyon.
to close down
[Pandiwa]

(of a business, shop, company, etc.) to no longer be open or operating, particularly permanently

isara nang tuluyan, itigil ang operasyon

isara nang tuluyan, itigil ang operasyon

Ex: Due to the storm , all local schools closed down early .Dahil sa bagyo, lahat ng lokal na paaralan ay **nagsara** nang maaga.
to drop
[Pandiwa]

to let or make something fall to the ground

ihulog, pabagsak

ihulog, pabagsak

Ex: U.S. planes began dropping bombs on the city .Nagsimulang **maghulog** ng mga bomba ang mga eroplano ng U.S. sa lungsod.
to grow
[Pandiwa]

to become greater in size, amount, number, or quality

lumago, dumami

lumago, dumami

Ex: The city 's population is on track to grow to over a million residents .Ang populasyon ng lungsod ay nasa landas na **lumago** sa higit sa isang milyong residente.
to expand
[Pandiwa]

to become something greater in quantity, importance, or size

palawakin, palawigin

palawakin, palawigin

Ex: Over time , his interests expanded beyond literature to include philosophy , art , and music .Sa paglipas ng panahon, ang kanyang mga interes ay **lumawak** nang higit pa sa literatura upang isama ang pilosopiya, sining, at musika.
to export
[Pandiwa]

to send goods or services to a foreign country for sale or trade

mag-export, magbenta sa ibang bansa

mag-export, magbenta sa ibang bansa

Ex: The company is currently exporting a new line of products to overseas markets .Ang kumpanya ay kasalukuyang **nag-e-export** ng isang bagong linya ng mga produkto sa mga merkado sa ibang bansa.
to import
[Pandiwa]

to buy goods from a foreign country and bring them to one's own

mag-import, bumili mula sa ibang bansa

mag-import, bumili mula sa ibang bansa

Ex: Online platforms are actively importing products from global suppliers .Ang mga online platform ay aktibong **nag-iimport** ng mga produkto mula sa mga global na supplier.
to launch
[Pandiwa]

to start an organized activity or operation

ilunsad, simulan

ilunsad, simulan

Ex: He has launched several successful businesses in the past .Nag-**lunsad** siya ng ilang matagumpay na negosyo sa nakaraan.

to produce products in large quantities by using machinery

gumawa, magprodyus

gumawa, magprodyus

Ex: They manufacture medical equipment for hospitals .Sila ay **gumagawa** ng mga kagamitang medikal para sa mga ospital.
market
[Pangngalan]

a public place where people buy and sell groceries

pamilihan, palengke

pamilihan, palengke

Ex: They visited the farmers ' market on Saturday mornings to buy fresh fruits and vegetables .Bumisita sila sa **pamilihan** ng mga magsasaka tuwing Sabado ng umaga upang bumili ng sariwang prutas at gulay.
to merge
[Pandiwa]

to combine and create one whole

pagsamahin, pag-isahin

pagsamahin, pag-isahin

Ex: In music production , tracks from different instruments merge to form a cohesive and harmonious composition .Sa produksyon ng musika, ang mga track mula sa iba't ibang instrumento ay **nagkakaisa** upang bumuo ng isang magkakaugnay at magkakasundong komposisyon.
to produce
[Pandiwa]

to make something using raw materials or different components

gumawa,  magprodyus

gumawa, magprodyus

Ex: Our company mainly produces goods for export .Ang aming kumpanya ay pangunahing **gumagawa** ng mga kalakal para sa eksport.
to set up
[Pandiwa]

to establish a fresh entity, such as a company, system, or organization

magtatag, mag-set up

magtatag, mag-set up

Ex: After months of planning and coordination , the entrepreneurs finally set up their own software development company in the heart of the city .Matapos ang ilang buwan ng pagpaplano at koordinasyon, sa wakas ay **itinatag** ng mga negosyante ang kanilang sariling kumpanya ng pag-unlad ng software sa gitna ng lungsod.
to take over
[Pandiwa]

to begin to be in charge of something, often previously managed by someone else

pamunuan, akuin

pamunuan, akuin

Ex: The new director is taking over the film production.Ang bagong direktor ay **nag-aasikaso** sa produksyon ng pelikula.
new
[pang-uri]

recently invented, made, etc.

bago, sariwa

bago, sariwa

Ex: A new energy-efficient washing machine was introduced to reduce household energy consumption .Isang **bagong** energy-efficient na washing machine ang ipinakilala upang mabawasan ang pagkonsumo ng enerhiya sa bahay.
product
[Pangngalan]

something that is created or grown for sale

produkto, kalakal

produkto, kalakal

Ex: The tech startup launched its flagship product at the trade show last month .Inilunsad ng tech startup ang kanilang pangunahing **produkto** sa trade show noong nakaraang buwan.
to flop
[Pandiwa]

to move in a loose, uncontrolled, or erratic manner

magpalundag-lundag, kumawag-kawag

magpalundag-lundag, kumawag-kawag

Ex: The comedian 's exaggerated gestures caused his arms to flop comically during the performance .Ang exaggerated na kilos ng komedyante ay nagdulot ng **pagkilos** ng kanyang mga braso nang nakakatawa sa panahon ng pagtatanghal.
market leader
[Pangngalan]

a specific product that outsells the other products of its kind

nangunguna sa merkado, pangunahing produkto

nangunguna sa merkado, pangunahing produkto

Ex: The market leader in streaming services continues to expand its subscriber base , offering a wide range of exclusive content .Ang **market leader** sa mga streaming service ay patuloy na pinalalawak ang base ng mga subscriber, na nag-aalok ng malawak na hanay ng eksklusibong content.
head
[Pangngalan]

a person in a leadership or authority position within a specific organization or group

ulo, pinuno

ulo, pinuno

Ex: They 're searching for a new head for the design division .Hinahanap nila ang isang bagong **ulo** para sa division ng disenyo.
office
[Pangngalan]

a place where people work, particularly behind a desk

opisina, tanggapan

opisina, tanggapan

Ex: The corporate office featured sleek , modern design elements , creating a professional and inviting atmosphere .Ang **opisina** ng korporasyon ay nagtatampok ng makinis, modernong mga elemento ng disenyo, na lumilikha ng isang propesyonal at kaaya-ayang kapaligiran.
branch
[Pangngalan]

a store, office, etc. that belongs to a larger business, organization, etc. and is representing it in a certain area

sangay, branch

sangay, branch

Ex: The restaurant chain has expanded rapidly , now having multiple branches in major cities worldwide .Ang chain ng restawran ay mabilis na lumawak, at ngayon ay may maraming **sangay** sa mga pangunahing lungsod sa buong mundo.
boom
[Pangngalan]

a time of great economic growth

pag-unlad, boom ng ekonomiya

pag-unlad, boom ng ekonomiya

Ex: The stock market soared during the boom, with investors enjoying significant returns on their investments .Ang stock market ay lumipad nang mataas sa panahon ng **boom**, na tinatamasa ng mga investor ang malaking kita sa kanilang mga pamumuhunan.
to do
[Pandiwa]

to perform an action that is not mentioned by name

gawin, isagawa

gawin, isagawa

Ex: Is there anything that I can do for you?May magagawa ba ako para sa iyo?
to make
[Pandiwa]

to form, produce, or prepare something, by putting parts together or by combining materials

gumawa, maghanda

gumawa, maghanda

Ex: By connecting the wires , you make the circuit and allow electricity to flow .Sa pamamagitan ng pagkonekta ng mga wire, **gumagawa** ka ng circuit at pinapayagan ang kuryente na dumaloy.
deal
[Pangngalan]

an agreement between two or more parties, typically involving the exchange of goods, services, or property

kasunduan, pakikipagkalakalan

kasunduan, pakikipagkalakalan

Ex: She reviewed the terms of the deal carefully before signing the contract .Muling sinuri niya ang mga tuntunin ng **kasunduan** bago pirmahan ang kontrata.
decision
[Pangngalan]

a choice or judgment that is made after adequate consideration or thought

desisyon, pagpili

desisyon, pagpili

Ex: The decision to invest in renewable energy sources reflects the company 's commitment to sustainability .Ang **desisyon** na mamuhunan sa mga pinagkukunan ng renewable energy ay sumasalamin sa pangako ng kumpanya sa sustainability.
job
[Pangngalan]

the work that we do regularly to earn money

trabaho, empleo

trabaho, empleo

Ex: She is looking for a part-time job to earn extra money .Naghahanap siya ng part-time na **trabaho** upang kumita ng dagdag na pera.
loss
[Pangngalan]

the state or process of losing a person or thing

pagkawala, kawalan

pagkawala, kawalan

Ex: Loss of biodiversity in the region has had detrimental effects on the ecosystem .Ang **pagkawala** ng biodiversity sa rehiyon ay nagdulot ng masamang epekto sa ecosystem.
market research
[Pangngalan]

the act of gathering information about what people need or buy the most and why

pananaliksik sa merkado, pag-aaral ng merkado

pananaliksik sa merkado, pag-aaral ng merkado

Ex: The company 's decision to expand into new markets was informed by comprehensive market research, which highlighted emerging opportunities and potential challenges .Ang desisyon ng kumpanya na palawakin sa mga bagong merkado ay batay sa komprehensibong **market research**, na nag-highlight sa mga umuusbong na oportunidad at potensyal na hamon.
redundant
[pang-uri]

surpassing what is needed or required, and so, no longer of use

kalabisan, hindi kailangan

kalabisan, hindi kailangan

Ex: The extra steps in the process were redundant and removed .Ang mga karagdagang hakbang sa proseso ay **kalabisan** at tinanggal.
well
[pang-abay]

in a way that is right or satisfactory

mabuti, nang tama

mabuti, nang tama

Ex: The students worked well together on the group project .Ang mga mag-aaral ay nagtrabaho nang **mahusay** nang magkasama sa proyekto ng grupo.
badly
[pang-abay]

in a way that is not satisfactory, acceptable, or successful

masama, sa paraang hindi kasiya-siya

masama, sa paraang hindi kasiya-siya

Ex: The instructions were badly written .Ang mga tagubilin ay **masamang** isinulat.

to combine enjoyable activities with one's work

Ex: They've been successful at mixing business with pleasure by hosting client dinners at their favorite restaurant.

a thing that has not been completed, discussed, or dealt with yet

hindi tapos na negosyo, hindi pa natatapos na gawain

hindi tapos na negosyo, hindi pa natatapos na gawain

Ex: The unfinished business from their last conversation still lingered , making it hard for them to reconcile .Ang **hindi natapos na negosyo** mula sa kanilang huling pag-uusap ay nananatili pa rin, na nagpapahirap sa kanila na magkasundo.

to only concern oneself with one's own private matters and not to interfere in those of others

Ex: I asked Laura what was wrong and she told me mind my own business.

used to tell someone that it is not necessary for them to know about something and that they should stop questioning about it

Ex: At the office, Jane avoided discussing her personal life with her colleagues, firmly asserting that it was none of their business.

to be very serious about fulfilling one's intentions

Ex: When the manager called the meeting , it was clear that meant business and expected everyone to follow through on their tasks .

to start focusing on and engaging in a task or activity in a serious or determined manner

seryosong simulan ang, pagtuunan ng pansin

seryosong simulan ang, pagtuunan ng pansin

Ex: After a long day of distractions, it's time to get down to writing that report.Matapos ang isang mahabang araw ng mga distractions, oras na para **magsimula nang seryoso** sa pagsulat ng report na iyon.

to cease to exist as a functional company or business due to financial challenges or difficulties

Ex: The small went out of business after it struggled to attract enough customers to sustain its operations .
any
[pantukoy]

used to say that it does not matter which individual or amount from a group is chosen or referred to

alinman, kahit alin

alinman, kahit alin

Ex: You can call me at any hour .Maaari mo akong tawagan sa **anumang** oras.
other
[pang-uri]

being the one that is different, extra, or not included

iba, kaiba

iba, kaiba

Ex: We'll visit the other city on our trip next week.Bibisita namin ang **ibang** lungsod sa aming paglalakbay sa susunod na linggo.
Aklat English File - Itaas na Intermediate
LanGeek
I-download ang app ng LanGeek