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Lista de Palabras Nivel C1 - Enfermedades

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la enfermedad, como "agony", "dizzy", "asthma", etc. preparadas para estudiantes de C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
ailment
ailment
[Sustantivo]

an illness, often a minor one

enfermedad, dolencia

enfermedad, dolencia

Ex: The elderly often suffer from various age-related ailments such as arthritis. 

Las personas mayores a menudo sufren de diversos padecimientos relacionados con la edad, como la artritis.

agony
agony
[Sustantivo]

severe physical or mental pain

dolor agudo

dolor agudo

Ex: The agony of arthritis can make simple movements excruciating. 

La agonía de la artritis puede hacer que los movimientos simples sean insoportables.

syndrome
syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

síndrome

síndrome

Ex: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. 

El síndrome del intestino irritable es un trastorno gastrointestinal común caracterizado por dolor abdominal, hinchazón y cambios en los hábitos intestinales.

acute
acute
[Adjetivo]

characterized by severe intensity or seriousness

agudo

agudo

Ex: Environmentalists warned of the acute threat posed by climate change to vulnerable ecosystems. 

Los ambientalistas advirtieron sobre la amenaza aguda que representa el cambio climático para los ecosistemas vulnerables.

chronic
chronic
[Adjetivo]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

crónico

crónico

Ex: Tom's chronic arthritis makes it challenging for him to move around comfortably. 

La artritis crónica de Tom hace que sea un desafío para él moverse cómodamente.

contagious
contagious
[Adjetivo]

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

contagioso

contagioso

Ex: Measles is a highly contagious disease that can spread rapidly among unvaccinated populations. 

El sarampión es una enfermedad contagiosa que puede propagarse rápidamente entre poblaciones no vacunadas.

breathless
breathless
[Adjetivo]

unable to breathe easily

sin aliento, jadeante

sin aliento, jadeante

Ex: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often causes patients to feel breathless, especially during physical exertion. 

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) a menudo hace que los pacientes se sientan sin aliento, especialmente durante el esfuerzo físico.

dizzy
dizzy
[Adjetivo]

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

mareado

mareado

Ex: Low blood sugar levels can cause people with diabetes to feel dizzy and disoriented. 

Los niveles bajos de azúcar en la sangre pueden hacer que las personas con diabetes se sientan mareadas y desorientadas.

fatal
fatal
[Adjetivo]

resulting in death

fatal

fatal

Ex: The firefighter succumbed to fatal burns while battling the raging inferno. 

El bombero sucumbió a quemaduras fatales mientras luchaba contra el incendio furioso.

feverish
feverish
[Adjetivo]

having or caused by a fever

con fiebre

con fiebre

Ex: Taking over-the-counter medication helped alleviate her feverish symptoms temporarily. 

Tomar medicamentos de venta libre ayudó a aliviar temporalmente sus síntomas febriles.

swollen
swollen
[Adjetivo]

(of a part of the body) unusually large, particularly because of an injury or illness

hinchado, inflamado

hinchado, inflamado

Ex: After the surgery, her face remained swollen for a few days. 

Después de la cirugía, su rostro permaneció hinchado durante unos días.

asthma
asthma
[Sustantivo]

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

asma

asma

Ex: Asthma attacks can be triggered by allergens, respiratory infections, exercise, or stress. 

Los ataques de asma pueden ser provocados por alérgenos, infecciones respiratorias, ejercicio o estrés.

bird flu
bird flu
[Sustantivo]

a dangerous disease among birds, especially poultry, that can be transmitted to humans and sometimes kill them

gripe aviar

gripe aviar

Ex: The transmission of bird flu to humans usually occurs through direct contact with infected birds or their droppings. 

La transmisión de la gripe aviar a los humanos generalmente ocurre a través del contacto directo con aves infectadas o sus excrementos.

Covid-19
Covid-19
[Sustantivo]

an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic

COVID-19

COVID-19

Ex: Preventive measures such as wearing masks, practicing social distancing, and washing hands frequently are crucial in reducing the spread of COVID-19. 

Las medidas preventivas como usar mascarillas, practicar el distanciamiento social y lavarse las manos con frecuencia son cruciales para reducir la propagación del COVID-19.

diarrhea
diarrhea
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

diarrea

diarrea

Ex: Chronic diarrhea may indicate underlying conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 

La diarrea crónica puede indicar afecciones subyacentes como el síndrome del intestino irritable (SII) o la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII).

hay fever
hay fever
[Sustantivo]

an illness that causes a runny nose and watery eyes, caused by dust from plants that come into the body through the air

fiebre del heno, alergia al polen

fiebre del heno, alergia al polen

Ex: Hay fever symptoms can be triggered by exposure to pollen from grasses, trees, or weeds. 

Los síntomas de la fiebre del heno pueden ser desencadenados por la exposición al polen de pastos, árboles o malezas.

HIV
HIV
[Sustantivo]

the virus that causes a very dangerous disease called AIDS, transmitted through blood or sexual activity

VIH

VIH

Ex: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps manage HIV and improves quality of life. 

La terapia antirretroviral (TAR) ayuda a controlar el VIH y mejora la calidad de vida.

measles
measles
[Sustantivo]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

sarampión

sarampión

Ex: Measles can spread through coughing and sneezing, as well as direct contact with infected droplets. 

El sarampión puede propagarse a través de la tos y los estornudos, así como por contacto directo con gotitas infectadas.

plague
plague
[Sustantivo]

a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected

plaga, peste

plaga, peste

Ex: Without prompt treatment with antibiotics, the plague can be fatal, leading to septicemia (blood infection) and organ failure. 

Sin un tratamiento rápido con antibióticos, la peste puede ser fatal, provocando septicemia (infección de la sangre) y fallo orgánico.

stroke
stroke
[Sustantivo]

a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body

apoplejía, derrame cerebral

apoplejía, derrame cerebral

Ex: Immediate medical attention is crucial for stroke treatment to minimize brain damage and potential long-term disabilities. 

La atención médica inmediata es crucial para el tratamiento del accidente cerebrovascular para minimizar el daño cerebral y las posibles discapacidades a largo plazo.

blister
blister
[Sustantivo]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

ampolla

ampolla

Ex: Common causes of blisters include wearing ill-fitting shoes, repetitive friction from tools or sports equipment, or exposure to heat. 

Las causas comunes de las ampollas incluyen el uso de zapatos que no ajustan bien, la fricción repetitiva de herramientas o equipos deportivos, o la exposición al calor.

lump
lump
[Sustantivo]

a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury

hinchazón, bulto

hinchazón, bulto

Ex: Common places where lumps may occur include the neck, armpits, groin, breasts, and joints. 

Los lugares comunes donde pueden aparecer bultos incluyen el cuello, las axilas, la ingle, los senos y las articulaciones.

rash
rash
[Sustantivo]

a part of one's skin covered with red spots, which is usually caused by a sickness or an allergic reaction

sarpullido, erupción

sarpullido, erupción

Ex: Common types of rashes include eczema, contact dermatitis, heat rash, and viral rashes like measles or chickenpox. 

Los tipos comunes de erupción cutánea incluyen eczema, dermatitis de contacto, sarpullido por calor y erupciones virales como el sarampión o la varicela.

scar
scar
[Sustantivo]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatriz

cicatriz

Ex: Common causes of scars include cuts, burns, surgical incisions, acne, and injuries. 

Las causas comunes de cicatrices incluyen cortes, quemaduras, incisiones quirúrgicas, acné y lesiones.

swelling
swelling
[Sustantivo]

an area of one's body that has become unusually larger, caused by an injury or sickness

hinchazón, inflamación

hinchazón, inflamación

Ex: Applying ice and elevating the swollen area can help reduce inflammation and alleviate discomfort. 

Aplicar hielo y elevar el área hinchada puede ayudar a reducir la inflamación y aliviar las molestias.

collapse
collapse
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which a person suddenly falls down or loses consciousness because of tiredness or an illness

colapso

colapso

Ex: Immediate medical attention is crucial for someone who experiences a collapse to determine the underlying cause and provide appropriate treatment. 

La atención médica inmediata es crucial para alguien que experimenta un colapso para determinar la causa subyacente y proporcionar el tratamiento adecuado.

fatigue
fatigue
[Sustantivo]

a feeling of extreme tiredness that is usually caused by physical or mental overwork or exercise

fatiga, cansancio

fatiga, cansancio

Ex: Symptoms of fatigue may include weakness, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and reduced motivation. 

Los síntomas de la fatiga pueden incluir debilidad, dificultad para concentrarse, irritabilidad y motivación reducida.

fracture
fracture
[Sustantivo]

a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance

fractura

fractura

Ex: Symptoms of a fracture include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the injured area. 

Los síntomas de una fractura incluyen dolor, hinchazón, moretones y dificultad para mover el área lesionada.

to bounce back

to regain health after an illness or become successful again after facing difficulties

recuperarse

recuperarse

Ex: After a tough year, the business bounced back with higher profits. 

Después de un año difícil, el negocio se recuperó con mayores ganancias.

to complain of

to state that one feels ill or one's body part is in pain

quejarse de

quejarse de

Ex: He decided to complain of unfair treatment at work after realizing he was being consistently overlooked for promotions. 

Decidió quejarse de un trato injusto en el trabajo después de darse cuenta de que lo pasaban por alto constantemente para los ascensos.

to faint
to faint
[Verbo]

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

desmayarse, sufrir un desmayo

desmayarse, sufrir un desmayo

Ex: The sight of blood can be distressing for some people and may cause them to faint. 

La vista de la sangre puede ser angustiante para algunas personas y puede hacer que se desmayen.

to infect
to infect
[Verbo]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

infectar

infectar

Ex: Healthcare workers take precautions to avoid infecting patients while providing medical care. 

Los trabajadores de la salud toman precauciones para evitar infectar a los pacientes mientras brindan atención médica.

addict
addict
[Sustantivo]

someone who cannot stop taking, using, or smoking a substance

adicto

adicto

Ex: The documentary shed light on the challenges faced by addicts trying to break free from addiction. 

El documental arrojó luz sobre los desafíos que enfrentan los adictos al tratar de liberarse de la adicción.

carrier
carrier
[Sustantivo]

a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals

portador

portador

Ex: Typhoid Mary became infamous as a carrier of typhoid fever, transmitting the disease to many while remaining unaffected herself. 

Typhoid Mary se hizo infame como portadora de la fiebre tifoidea, transmitiendo la enfermedad a muchos mientras ella misma permanecía sin afectarse.

epidemic
epidemic
[Sustantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: The flu epidemic affected thousands of people last winter. 

La epidemia de gripe afectó a miles de personas el invierno pasado.

pandemic
pandemic
[Sustantivo]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia

pandemia

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks. 

Las pandemias pueden propagar enfermedades a nivel mundial debido al aumento de los viajes internacionales y las redes comerciales.

outbreak
outbreak
[Sustantivo]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

brote

brote

Ex: Health officials were concerned about the outbreak of measles in the neighborhood. 

Los funcionarios de salud estaban preocupados por el brote de sarampión en el vecindario.

parasite
parasite
[Sustantivo]

(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth

parásito

parásito

Ex: Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. 

La malaria es causada por un parásito llamado Plasmodium, que se transmite a los humanos a través de la picadura de un mosquito Anopheles infectado.

shiver
shiver
[Sustantivo]

a brief shaking movement of one's body as a result of fear or being cold

escalofrío

escalofrío

Ex: The nurse noticed the man's persistent shiver and recommended he see a doctor immediately, suspecting it was more than just a cold. 

La enfermera notó el temblor persistente del hombre y le recomendó que viera a un médico de inmediato, sospechando que era más que un simple resfriado.

worn out
worn out
[Adjetivo]

exhausted because of too much physical work

agotado, rendido

agotado, rendido

Ex: He looked worn out after spending the entire weekend moving heavy furniture into his new apartment. 

Se veía agotado después de pasar todo el fin de semana mudando muebles pesados a su nuevo apartamento.

stuffy
stuffy
[Adjetivo]

having difficulty breathing through one's nose, often due to a cold or allergy

congestionado, tapado

congestionado, tapado

Ex: When allergies strike, they often bring about a stuffy nose, hindering the ability to breathe freely. 

Cuando las alergias atacan, a menudo provocan una nariz congestionada, dificultando la capacidad de respirar libremente.

to chafe
to chafe
[Verbo]

(of a body part) to become sore or irritated due to being rubbed against something

rozar

rozar

Ex: Wearing ill-fitting shoes caused his heels to chafe, resulting in painful blisters. 

Usar zapatos que no ajustaban bien hizo que sus talones se irritaran, lo que resultó en ampollas dolorosas.

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