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Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Mga Suliraning Panlipunan

Dito ay matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa mga problemang panlipunan, tulad ng "pag-uusig", "ilegal", "kaguluhan", atbp., na kailangan para sa pagsusulit sa TOEFL.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
discrimination
[Pangngalan]

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

diskriminasyon, pagtatangi

diskriminasyon, pagtatangi

Ex: She spoke out against discrimination after witnessing unfair treatment of her colleagues .Nagsalita siya laban sa **diskriminasyon** matapos masaksihan ang hindi patas na pagtrato sa kanyang mga kasamahan.
persecution
[Pangngalan]

an act of cruelty and unfairness toward someone because of their race, religion, or political views

pag-uusig, pang-aapi

pag-uusig, pang-aapi

affirmative action
[Pangngalan]

the policy or practice of favoring people that belong to groups known to have been discriminated against formerly, especially by giving them jobs

aksiyong afirmatibo, positibong diskriminasyon

aksiyong afirmatibo, positibong diskriminasyon

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

marginalisahin, ibalik sa tabi

marginalisahin, ibalik sa tabi

Ex: By marginalizing diverse perspectives , we limit our ability to address complex social issues effectively .Sa pamamagitan ng **pagmamarginalize** ng iba't ibang pananaw, nililimitahan natin ang ating kakayahang epektibong tugunan ang mga kumplikadong isyung panlipunan.
class struggle
[Pangngalan]

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

pakikibaka ng uri, tunggalian ng uri

pakikibaka ng uri, tunggalian ng uri

Ex: The activist spoke about the ongoing class struggle in modern urban environments .Ang aktibista ay nagsalita tungkol sa nagpapatuloy na **pakikibaka ng uri** sa modernong mga kapaligiran sa lungsod.
deportation
[Pangngalan]

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

deportasyon,  pagpapaalis

deportasyon, pagpapaalis

Ex: Despite living in the country for years , he faced deportation after being convicted of a serious crime .Sa kabila ng pamumuhay sa bansa sa loob ng maraming taon, naharap siya sa **deportasyon** matapos mahatulan ng isang malubhang krimen.
political asylum
[Pangngalan]

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

politikal na asylum, proteksyon politikal

politikal na asylum, proteksyon politikal

Ex: The government granted political asylum to the journalist who fled from a repressive regime .Ipinagkaloob ng gobyerno ang **political asylum** sa mamamahayag na tumakas mula sa isang represibong rehimen.
asylum seeker
[Pangngalan]

someone who seeks refuge in another country and wants to live in that country, often because they are in danger

naghahanap ng asylum, refugee

naghahanap ng asylum, refugee

illegal
[Pangngalan]

someone who illegally lives or works in a country

ilegal, hindi lehitimo

ilegal, hindi lehitimo

immigration
[Pangngalan]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

imigrasyon

imigrasyon

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .Matapos ang mga dekada ng **imigrasyon**, ang kapitbahayan ay naging isang masigla, multikultural na komunidad.
emigration
[Pangngalan]

the act of permanently leaving one's own country to go and live in another

paglipat

paglipat

naturalization
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of granting a foreigner the citizenship of a country

naturalisasyon, pagkakamit ng pagkamamamayan

naturalisasyon, pagkakamit ng pagkamamamayan

bigotry
[Pangngalan]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

pagkamatigas ng ulo, kawalan ng pagpapaubaya

pagkamatigas ng ulo, kawalan ng pagpapaubaya

Ex: They worked hard to challenge the bigotry that was prevalent in their society .Nagsumikap sila upang hamunin ang **pagkampi** na laganap sa kanilang lipunan.
intolerance
[Pangngalan]

the state of being reluctant to accept ideas, thoughts, or behaviors that differ from one's own

kawalang-pagpapaubaya

kawalang-pagpapaubaya

deprivation
[Pangngalan]

the state in which one cannot satisfy their basic human needs

kawalan, pagkukulang

kawalan, pagkukulang

Ex: Economic deprivation was evident in the rundown neighborhoods .Ang **kawalan** sa ekonomiya ay halata sa mga sirang nayon.
disadvantaged
[pang-uri]

(of a person or area) facing challenging circumstances, especially financially or socially

hindi pinapaboran, nalulugmok

hindi pinapaboran, nalulugmok

Ex: Growing up in a disadvantaged area , she faced limited opportunities for advancement .Sa paglaki sa isang **hamak** na lugar, naharap siya sa limitadong mga oportunidad para sa pag-unlad.
vagrancy
[Pangngalan]

the state of homelessness as a result of unemployment

pagkawala ng tahanan, pagiging palaboy

pagkawala ng tahanan, pagiging palaboy

unrest
[Pangngalan]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

kaguluhan, pagkabalisa

kaguluhan, pagkabalisa

Ex: The rise in fuel prices caused unrest among the workers .Ang pagtaas ng presyo ng gasolina ay nagdulot ng **kaguluhan** sa mga manggagawa.
uprising
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

pag-aalsa, himagsikan

pag-aalsa, himagsikan

subsistence
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

pagsasapamuhay, pamumuhay

pagsasapamuhay, pamumuhay

Ex: The family struggled to maintain subsistence on their small farm .Ang pamilya ay nagpumilit na mapanatili ang **kabuhayan** sa kanilang maliit na bukid.
refuge
[Pangngalan]

protection or shelter from something dangerous or troublesome

kanlungan, kublihan

kanlungan, kublihan

suffering from extreme deprivation

napakahirap, dukha

napakahirap, dukha

Ex: Many poverty-stricken families rely on government assistance to survive .Maraming pamilyang **napipinsala ng kahirapan** ang umaasa sa tulong ng gobyerno upang mabuhay.
to impoverish
[Pandiwa]

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

magpahirap, wasakin

magpahirap, wasakin

Ex: By the time the reforms were introduced , the region had already been impoverished.Sa oras na ipinakilala ang mga reporma, ang rehiyon ay **naghirap** na.
indigent
[pang-uri]

extremely poor or in need

maralita, dukha

maralita, dukha

Ex: The nonprofit organization aimed to provide support and resources for the indigent community.Ang nonprofit na organisasyon ay naglalayong magbigay ng suporta at mga mapagkukunan para sa **mahihirap** na komunidad.
modern slavery
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which people are forced work against their will through threats or violence that prevents them from escaping

modernong pang-aalipin, kontemporaryong sapilitang paggawa

modernong pang-aalipin, kontemporaryong sapilitang paggawa

Ex: Modern slavery thrives in environments where vulnerable populations lack legal protections , economic opportunities , or social support networks .Ang **modernong pang-aalipin** ay umuunlad sa mga kapaligiran kung saan ang mga mahihinang populasyon ay kulang sa proteksyon sa batas, oportunidad sa ekonomiya, o mga network ng suporta sa lipunan.
to lay off
[Pandiwa]

to dismiss employees due to financial difficulties or reduced workload

magtanggal ng empleyado, magbawas ng trabahador

magtanggal ng empleyado, magbawas ng trabahador

Ex: The restaurant is laying off 20 waiters and waitresses due to the slow summer season .Ang restawran ay **nagtatanggal** ng 20 waiter at waitress dahil sa mabagal na summer season.
trafficking
[Pangngalan]

the buying and selling of goods illegally

pangangalakal

pangangalakal

malnutrition
[Pangngalan]

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

malnutrisyon, kakulangan sa nutrisyon

malnutrisyon, kakulangan sa nutrisyon

Ex: Despite progress in recent years , malnutrition continues to be a significant challenge , highlighting the need for sustained efforts and investment in nutrition programs and policies .Sa kabila ng pag-unlad sa mga nakaraang taon, ang **malnutrisyon** ay patuloy na isang malaking hamon, na nagpapakita ng pangangailangan para sa patuloy na pagsisikap at pamumuhunan sa mga programa at patakaran sa nutrisyon.
passive smoking
[Pangngalan]

the act of inhaling smoke from another person's cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, especially involuntarily

passive smoking, pagkalantad sa secondhand smoke

passive smoking, pagkalantad sa secondhand smoke

homophobia
[Pangngalan]

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

homophobia, pagkamuhi sa mga homosekswal

homophobia, pagkamuhi sa mga homosekswal

Ex: The school 's new policy addresses and seeks to reduce homophobia.Ang bagong patakaran ng paaralan ay tumutugon at naglalayong bawasan ang **homophobia**.
hard drug
[Pangngalan]

a powerful, addictive, and illegal drug that some people take for pleasure

malakas na droga, nakakahumaling na droga

malakas na droga, nakakahumaling na droga

soft drug
[Pangngalan]

a recreational drug that is not considered very harmful and gives some people a sense of pleasure

malambot na droga, substansyang pampasigla na hindi masyadong mapanganib

malambot na droga, substansyang pampasigla na hindi masyadong mapanganib

displacement
[Pangngalan]

expulsion of people from their homes, typically caused by war, persecution, or natural catastrophe

paglipat, pagpapatalsik

paglipat, pagpapatalsik

Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL
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