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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Problemas Sociales

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre problemas sociales, como "persecution", "illegal", "unrest", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
discrimination
[Sustantivo]

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

discriminación

discriminación

Ex: She spoke out discrimination after witnessing unfair treatment of her colleagues .
persecution
[Sustantivo]

an act of cruelty and unfairness toward someone because of their race, religion, or political views

persecución

persecución

affirmative action
[Sustantivo]

the policy or practice of favoring people that belong to groups known to have been discriminated against formerly, especially by giving them jobs

discriminación positiva

discriminación positiva

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

marginar

marginar

Ex: marginalizing diverse perspectives , we limit our ability to address complex social issues effectively .
class struggle
[Sustantivo]

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

lucha de clases

lucha de clases

Ex: The activist spoke about the class struggle in modern urban environments .
deportation
[Sustantivo]

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

deportación

deportación

Ex: Despite living in the country for years , he deportation after being convicted of a serious crime .
political asylum
[Sustantivo]

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

asilo político

asilo político

Ex: The government political asylum to the journalist who fled from a repressive regime .
asylum seeker
[Sustantivo]

someone who seeks refuge in another country and wants to live in that country, often because they are in danger

solicitante de asilo

solicitante de asilo

illegal
[Sustantivo]

someone who illegally lives or works in a country

ilegal

ilegal

immigration
[Sustantivo]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

inmigración

inmigración

Ex: After decades immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .
emigration
[Sustantivo]

the act of permanently leaving one's own country to go and live in another

emigración

emigración

naturalization
[Sustantivo]

the act or process of granting a foreigner the citizenship of a country

naturalización

naturalización

bigotry
[Sustantivo]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

intolerancia

intolerancia

Ex: They worked hard to challenge bigotry that was prevalent in their society .
intolerance
[Sustantivo]

the state of being reluctant to accept ideas, thoughts, or behaviors that differ from one's own

intolerancia

intolerancia

deprivation
[Sustantivo]

the state in which one cannot satisfy their basic human needs

privación

privación

Ex: deprivation was evident in the rundown neighborhoods .
disadvantaged
[Adjetivo]

(of a person or area) facing challenging circumstances, especially financially or socially

desfavorecido

desfavorecido

Ex: Growing up in disadvantaged area , she faced limited opportunities for advancement .
vagrancy
[Sustantivo]

the state of homelessness as a result of unemployment

vagabundeo

vagabundeo

unrest
[Sustantivo]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

disturbios

disturbios

Ex: The rise in fuel prices unrest among the workers .
uprising
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

levantamiento

levantamiento

subsistence
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

subsistencia

subsistencia

Ex: The family struggled to subsistence on their small farm .
refuge
[Sustantivo]

protection or shelter from something dangerous or troublesome

refugio

refugio

suffering from extreme deprivation

golpeado por la pobreza

golpeado por la pobreza

Ex: poverty-stricken families rely on government assistance to survive .

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

empobrecer

empobrecer

Ex: By the time the reforms were introduced , the region had already impoverished.
indigent
[Adjetivo]

extremely poor or in need

indigente

indigente

Ex: The nonprofit organization aimed to provide support and resources for the indigent community.
modern slavery
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which people are forced work against their will through threats or violence that prevents them from escaping

esclavitud moderna

esclavitud moderna

Ex: Modern slavery thrives in environments where vulnerable populations lack legal protections , economic opportunities , or social support networks .
to lay off
[Verbo]

to dismiss employees due to financial difficulties or reduced workload

despedir

despedir

Ex: The restaurant laying off 20 waiters and waitresses due to the slow summer season .
trafficking
[Sustantivo]

the buying and selling of goods illegally

tráfico

tráfico

malnutrition
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

desnutrición

desnutrición

Ex: Despite progress in recent yearsmalnutrition continues to be a significant challenge , highlighting the need for sustained efforts and investment in nutrition programs and policies .
passive smoking
[Sustantivo]

the act of inhaling smoke from another person's cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, especially involuntarily

tabaquismo pasivo

tabaquismo pasivo

homophobia
[Sustantivo]

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

homofobia

homofobia

Ex: The school 's new policy addresses and seeks to homophobia.
hard drug
[Sustantivo]

a powerful, addictive, and illegal drug that some people take for pleasure

drogas duras

drogas duras

soft drug
[Sustantivo]

a recreational drug that is not considered very harmful and gives some people a sense of pleasure

droga blanda

droga blanda

displacement
[Sustantivo]

expulsion of people from their homes, typically caused by war, persecution, or natural catastrophe

desplazamiento

desplazamiento

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