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Avancerat Ordförråd för TOEFL - Sociala Problem

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord om sociala problem, såsom "förföljelse", "olaglig", "oro" etc., som behövs för TOEFL-provet.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
discrimination
[Substantiv]

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

diskriminering, segregation

diskriminering, segregation

Ex: She spoke out against discrimination after witnessing unfair treatment of her colleagues .Hon talade ut mot **diskriminering** efter att ha bevittnat orättvis behandling av sina kollegor.
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persecution
[Substantiv]

an act of cruelty and unfairness toward someone because of their race, religion, or political views

förföljelse, förtryck

förföljelse, förtryck

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affirmative action
[Substantiv]

the policy or practice of favoring people that belong to groups known to have been discriminated against formerly, especially by giving them jobs

affirmativ action, positiv diskriminering

affirmativ action, positiv diskriminering

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to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

marginalisera, förbigå

marginalisera, förbigå

Ex: By marginalizing diverse perspectives , we limit our ability to address complex social issues effectively .Genom att **marginalisera** olika perspektiv begränsar vi vår förmåga att effektivt hantera komplexa sociala frågor.
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class struggle
[Substantiv]

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

klasskamp, klasskonflikt

klasskamp, klasskonflikt

Ex: The activist spoke about the ongoing class struggle in modern urban environments .Aktivisten talade om den pågående **klaskampen** i moderna urbana miljöer.
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deportation
[Substantiv]

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

deportation,  utvisning

deportation, utvisning

Ex: Despite living in the country for years , he faced deportation after being convicted of a serious crime .Trots att ha bott i landet i åratal stod han inför **deportation** efter att ha dömts för ett grovt brott.
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political asylum
[Substantiv]

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

politisk asyl, politiskt skydd

politisk asyl, politiskt skydd

Ex: The government granted political asylum to the journalist who fled from a repressive regime .Regeringen beviljade **politisk asyl** till journalisten som flydde från ett förtryckande regime.
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asylum seeker
[Substantiv]

a person who has fled their home country due to fear of persecution, based on race, religion, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group, and is seeking international protection in another country

asylsökande, asylansökande

asylsökande, asylansökande

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illegal
[Substantiv]

someone who illegally lives or works in a country

illegal, papperslös

illegal, papperslös

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immigration
[Substantiv]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

invandring

invandring

Ex: After decades of immigration, the neighborhood has become a vibrant , multicultural community .Efter decennier av **invandring** har grannskapet blivit en livfull, mångkulturell gemenskap.
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emigration
[Substantiv]

the act of permanently leaving one's own country to go and live in another

emigration

emigration

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naturalization
[Substantiv]

the act or process of granting a foreigner the citizenship of a country

naturalisation, förvärv av medborgarskap

naturalisation, förvärv av medborgarskap

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bigotry
[Substantiv]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

bigotteri, intolerans

bigotteri, intolerans

Ex: They worked hard to challenge the bigotry that was prevalent in their society .De arbetade hårt för att utmana **trångsyntheten** som var utbredd i deras samhälle.
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intolerance
[Substantiv]

the state of being reluctant to accept ideas, thoughts, or behaviors that differ from one's own

intolerans

intolerans

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deprivation
[Substantiv]

the state in which one cannot satisfy their basic human needs

berövande, brist

berövande, brist

Ex: Economic deprivation was evident in the rundown neighborhoods .Ekonomisk **berövelse** var tydlig i de förfallna kvarteren.
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disadvantaged
[adjektiv]

(of a person or area) facing challenging circumstances, especially financially or socially

missgynnad, underprivilegierad

missgynnad, underprivilegierad

Ex: Growing up in a disadvantaged area , she faced limited opportunities for advancement .Uppvuxen i ett **missgynnad** område, stod hon inför begränsade möjligheter till framsteg.
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vagrancy
[Substantiv]

the state of homelessness as a result of unemployment

lösdriveri, hemlöshet

lösdriveri, hemlöshet

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unrest
[Substantiv]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

oro, uppror

oro, uppror

Ex: The rise in fuel prices caused unrest among the workers .Påfrestningarna i bränslepriserna orsakade **oro** bland arbetarna.
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uprising
[Substantiv]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

uppror, revolt

uppror, revolt

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subsistence
[Substantiv]

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

existensminimum, överlevnad

existensminimum, överlevnad

Ex: The family struggled to maintain subsistence on their small farm .Familjen kämpade för att upprätthålla **försörjningen** på sin lilla gård.
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refuge
[Substantiv]

protection or shelter from something dangerous or troublesome

tillflykt, skydd

tillflykt, skydd

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suffering from extreme deprivation

fattig, utfattig

fattig, utfattig

Ex: Many poverty-stricken families rely on government assistance to survive .Många **fattigdomsdrabbade** familjer förlitar sig på statligt stöd för att överleva.
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to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

utfattig, ruinera

utfattig, ruinera

Ex: By the time the reforms were introduced , the region had already been impoverished.När reformerna infördes hade regionen redan **fattats**.
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indigent
[adjektiv]

extremely poor or in need

fattig, behövande

fattig, behövande

Ex: The nonprofit organization aimed to provide support and resources for the indigent community.Den ideella organisationen syftade till att ge stöd och resurser till den **fattiga** gemenskapen.
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modern slavery
[Substantiv]

a situation in which people are forced work against their will through threats or violence that prevents them from escaping

modernt slaveri, modern tvångsarbete

modernt slaveri, modern tvångsarbete

Ex: Modern slavery thrives in environments where vulnerable populations lack legal protections , economic opportunities , or social support networks .**Modernt slaveri** frodas i miljöer där sårbara befolkningar saknar rättsligt skydd, ekonomiska möjligheter eller sociala stödnätverk.
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to dismiss employees due to financial difficulties or reduced workload

uppsäga, minska personalstyrkan

uppsäga, minska personalstyrkan

Ex: The restaurant is laying off 20 waiters and waitresses due to the slow summer season .Restaurangen **säger upp** 20 servitörer och servitriser på grund av den långsamma sommarsäsongen.
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trafficking
[Substantiv]

the buying and selling of goods illegally

handel

handel

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malnutrition
[Substantiv]

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

undernäring, bristnäring

undernäring, bristnäring

Ex: Despite progress in recent years , malnutrition continues to be a significant challenge , highlighting the need for sustained efforts and investment in nutrition programs and policies .Trots framsteg de senaste åren fortsätter **undernäring** att vara en betydande utmaning, vilket understryker behovet av ihålliga ansträngningar och investeringar i näringsprogram och policyer.
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passive smoking
[Substantiv]

the act of inhaling smoke from another person's cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, especially involuntarily

passiv rökning, exponering för passiv rökning

passiv rökning, exponering för passiv rökning

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homophobia
[Substantiv]

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

homofobi, hat mot homosexuella

homofobi, hat mot homosexuella

Ex: The school 's new policy addresses and seeks to reduce homophobia.Skolans nya politik tar upp och strävar efter att minska **homofobi**.
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hard drug
[Substantiv]

a powerful, addictive, and illegal drug that some people take for pleasure

hård drog, kraftfull drog

hård drog, kraftfull drog

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soft drug
[Substantiv]

a recreational drug that is not considered very harmful and gives some people a sense of pleasure

mjuk drog, lätt psykoaktiv substans

mjuk drog, lätt psykoaktiv substans

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displacement
[Substantiv]

expulsion of people from their homes, typically caused by war, persecution, or natural catastrophe

förflyttning, utdrivning

förflyttning, utdrivning

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