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托福高级词汇 - 社会问题

在这里你将学习托福考试所需的一些有关社会问题的英语单词,例如“persecution”、“illegal”、“unrest”等。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
discrimination

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

歧视

歧视

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"discrimination" 的定义和意义
persecution

an act of cruelty and unfairness toward someone because of their race, religion, or political views

迫害, 压迫

迫害, 压迫

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"persecution" 的定义和意义
affirmative action

the policy or practice of favoring people that belong to groups known to have been discriminated against formerly, especially by giving them jobs

平权行动, 积极行动

平权行动, 积极行动

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"affirmative action" 的定义和意义
to marginalize

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

边缘化, 轻视

边缘化, 轻视

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"to marginalize" 的定义和意义
class struggle

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

阶级斗争, 阶层冲突

阶级斗争, 阶层冲突

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"class struggle" 的定义和意义
deportation

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

驱逐, 遣返

驱逐, 遣返

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"deportation" 的定义和意义
political asylum

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

政治庇护, 政治庇护申请

政治庇护, 政治庇护申请

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"political asylum" 的定义和意义
asylum seeker

someone who seeks refuge in another country and wants to live in that country, often because they are in danger

寻求庇护者, 申请庇护者

寻求庇护者, 申请庇护者

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"asylum seeker" 的定义和意义
illegal

someone who illegally lives or works in a country

非法移民, 非法人员

非法移民, 非法人员

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"illegal" 的定义和意义
immigration

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

移民

移民

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"immigration" 的定义和意义
emigration

the act of permanently leaving one's own country to go and live in another

移民

移民

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"emigration" 的定义和意义
naturalization

the act or process of granting a foreigner the citizenship of a country

归化, 入籍

归化, 入籍

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"naturalization" 的定义和意义
bigotry

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

偏见, 狭隘

偏见, 狭隘

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"bigotry" 的定义和意义
intolerance

the state of being reluctant to accept ideas, thoughts, or behaviors that differ from one's own

不宽容

不宽容

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"intolerance" 的定义和意义
deprivation

the state in which one cannot satisfy their basic human needs

剥夺, 缺乏

剥夺, 缺乏

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"deprivation" 的定义和意义
disadvantaged

(of a person or area) facing challenging circumstances, especially financially or socially

处于不利地位的, 贫困的

处于不利地位的, 贫困的

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"disadvantaged" 的定义和意义
vagrancy

the state of homelessness as a result of unemployment

流浪, 无家可归

流浪, 无家可归

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"vagrancy" 的定义和意义
unrest

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

骚乱, 不安定

骚乱, 不安定

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"unrest" 的定义和意义
uprising

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

起义, 反抗

起义, 反抗

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"uprising" 的定义和意义
subsistence

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

生存, 维持

生存, 维持

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"subsistence" 的定义和意义
refuge

protection or shelter from something dangerous or troublesome

避难所, 庇护所

避难所, 庇护所

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"refuge" 的定义和意义
poverty-stricken

suffering from extreme deprivation

贫困的, 受苦的

贫困的, 受苦的

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"poverty-stricken" 的定义和意义
to impoverish

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

使贫困, 使贫乏

使贫困, 使贫乏

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"to impoverish" 的定义和意义
indigent

extremely poor or in need

贫困的, 穷困的

贫困的, 穷困的

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"indigent" 的定义和意义
modern slavery

a situation in which people are forced work against their will through threats or violence that prevents them from escaping

现代奴隶制, 强迫劳动

现代奴隶制, 强迫劳动

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"modern slavery" 的定义和意义
to lay off

to dismiss employees due to financial difficulties or reduced workload

裁员, 解雇

裁员, 解雇

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"to lay off" 的定义和意义
trafficking

the buying and selling of goods illegally

走私, 非法交易

走私, 非法交易

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"trafficking" 的定义和意义
malnutrition

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

营养不良

营养不良

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"malnutrition" 的定义和意义
passive smoking

the act of inhaling smoke from another person's cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, especially involuntarily

被动吸烟, 二手烟

被动吸烟, 二手烟

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"passive smoking" 的定义和意义
homophobia

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

恐同症

恐同症

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"homophobia" 的定义和意义
hard drug

a powerful, addictive, and illegal drug that some people take for pleasure

硬毒品, 重毒品

硬毒品, 重毒品

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"hard drug" 的定义和意义
soft drug

a recreational drug that is not considered very harmful and gives some people a sense of pleasure

软性毒品, 休闲药物

软性毒品, 休闲药物

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"soft drug" 的定义和意义
displacement

expulsion of people from their homes, typically caused by war, persecution, or natural catastrophe

流离失所, 驱逐

流离失所, 驱逐

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"displacement" 的定义和意义
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