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TOEFL のための上級語彙 - 社会問題

TOEFL試験に必要な「迫害」「違法」「暴動」などの社会問題に関する英単語を学びます。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
discrimination

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

差別

差別

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[名詞]
persecution

an act of cruelty and unfairness toward someone because of their race, religion, or political views

迫害

迫害

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[名詞]
affirmative action

the policy or practice of favoring people that belong to groups known to have been discriminated against formerly, especially by giving them jobs

アファーマティブ・アクション

アファーマティブ・アクション

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[名詞]
to marginalize

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

疎外する

疎外する

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[動詞]
class struggle

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

階級闘争

階級闘争

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[名詞]
deportation

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

(人)を祖国から追放する

(人)を祖国から追放する

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[名詞]
political asylum

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

政治亡命

政治亡命

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[名詞]
asylum seeker

someone who seeks refuge in another country and wants to live in that country, often because they are in danger

亡命希望者

亡命希望者

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[名詞]
illegal

someone who illegally lives or works in a country

違法

違法

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[名詞]
immigration

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

移民

移民

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[名詞]
emigration

the act of permanently leaving one's own country to go and live in another

移民

移民

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[名詞]
naturalization

the act or process of granting a foreigner the citizenship of a country

帰化

帰化

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[名詞]
bigotry

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

偏屈

偏屈

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[名詞]
intolerance

the state of being reluctant to accept ideas, thoughts, or behaviors that differ from one's own

偏狭

偏狭

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[名詞]
deprivation

the state in which one cannot satisfy their basic human needs

剥奪

剥奪

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[名詞]
disadvantaged

(of a person or area) facing challenging circumstances, especially financially or socially

恵まれない

恵まれない

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[形容詞]
vagrancy

the state of homelessness as a result of unemployment

浮浪

浮浪

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[名詞]
unrest

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

不穏

不穏

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[名詞]
uprising

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

反乱

反乱

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[名詞]
subsistence

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

生存

生存

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[名詞]
refuge

protection or shelter from something dangerous or troublesome

避難所(安全な場所)

避難所(安全な場所)

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[名詞]
poverty-stricken

suffering from extreme deprivation

貧困に苦しむ

貧困に苦しむ

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[形容詞]
to impoverish

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

貧しくする

貧しくする

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[動詞]
indigent

extremely poor or in need

困っている人

困っている人

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[形容詞]
modern slavery

a situation in which people are forced work against their will through threats or violence that prevents them from escaping

現代の奴隷制

現代の奴隷制

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[名詞]
to lay off

to dismiss employees due to financial difficulties or reduced workload

従業員の解雇

従業員の解雇

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[動詞]
trafficking

the buying and selling of goods illegally

人身売買

人身売買

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[名詞]
malnutrition

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

栄養失調

栄養失調

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[名詞]
passive smoking

the act of inhaling smoke from another person's cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, especially involuntarily

受動喫煙

受動喫煙

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[名詞]
homophobia

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

同性愛嫌悪

同性愛嫌悪

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[名詞]
hard drug

a powerful, addictive, and illegal drug that some people take for pleasure

ハードドラッグ

ハードドラッグ

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[名詞]
soft drug

a recreational drug that is not considered very harmful and gives some people a sense of pleasure

ソフトドラッグ

ソフトドラッグ

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[名詞]
displacement

expulsion of people from their homes, typically caused by war, persecution, or natural catastrophe

置換

置換

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[名詞]
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