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Mga Likas na Agham ng SAT - Lupa at Tubig

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa lupa at tubig, tulad ng "terrain", "estuary", "gorge", atbp. na kakailanganin mo para masagutan ang iyong SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
terrain
terrain
[Pangngalan]

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

lupain, tanawin

lupain, tanawin

Ex: The rugged terrain of the mountainous region posed a significant challenge for the hikers, requiring careful navigation and endurance. 

Ang mabato at hindi pantay na lupa ng bulubunduking rehiyon ay naging malaking hamon sa mga manlalakbay, na nangangailangan ng maingat na pag-navigate at tibay.

playa
playa
[Pangngalan]

a flat-bottomed desert basin that periodically fills with water to form a temporary lake, but remains dry for most of the year

playa, patag na disyerto na may patag na ilalim

playa, patag na disyerto na may patag na ilalim

pasture
pasture
[Pangngalan]

a field where animals eat grass

pastulan, damuhan

pastulan, damuhan

Ex: The cows are grazing in the green pasture. 

Ang mga baka ay nanginginain sa berdeng pastulan.

foothill
foothill
[Pangngalan]

a low hill at the base of a mountain or mountain range

paanan ng bundok, mababang burol sa paanan ng bundok

paanan ng bundok, mababang burol sa paanan ng bundok

Ex: The village is nestled in the foothills of the Rockies. 

Ang nayon ay nakapwesto sa paanan ng bundok ng Rockies.

crest
crest
[Pangngalan]

the highest point or summit, especially of a mountain or hill, where the incline culminates

tuktok, taluktok

tuktok, taluktok

Ex: After a challenging hike, we finally reached the crest of the mountain, where we were greeted with a breathtaking view. 

Matapos ang isang mapaghamong paglalakad, sa wakas ay narating namin ang tuktok ng bundok, kung saan kami ay binati ng isang nakakagulat na tanawin.

boulder
boulder
[Pangngalan]

a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

malaking bato, batong malaki

malaking bato, batong malaki

Ex: A massive boulder sat at the edge of the cliff, weathered by centuries of wind and rain. 

Isang malaking bato ang nakalagay sa gilid ng bangin, na kinain ng siglo ng hangin at ulan.

ridge
ridge
[Pangngalan]

a long, narrow elevated area of land standing above the surrounding ground

tagaytay,  gulod

tagaytay, gulod

Ex: A wooded ridge separates the two valleys. 
landslide
landslide
[Pangngalan]

a sudden fall of a large mass of dirt or rock down a mountainside or cliff

pagguho ng lupa, landslide

pagguho ng lupa, landslide

Ex: The heavy rains triggered a landslide that blocked the main road. 

Ang malakas na ulan ay nag-trigger ng landslide na nag-block sa pangunahing kalsada.

meadow
meadow
[Pangngalan]

a piece of land covered in grass and sometimes wild flowers, often used for hay

parang, damuhan

parang, damuhan

Ex: The children played in the meadow. 

Ang mga bata ay naglaro sa parang.

rainforest
rainforest
[Pangngalan]

‌a thick, tropical forest with tall trees and consistently heavy rainfall

kagubatang tropikal, gubat

kagubatang tropikal, gubat

Ex: He spent his vacation hiking through the beautiful rainforest. 

Ginugol niya ang kanyang bakasyon sa paglalakad sa magandang rainforest.

landmark
landmark
[Pangngalan]

a structure or a place that is historically important

palatandaan, makasaysayang lugar

palatandaan, makasaysayang lugar

Ex: The Great Wall of China is a remarkable landmark that stretches across thousands of miles and has stood for centuries. 

Ang Great Wall of China ay isang kahanga-hangang landmark na umaabot sa libu-libong milya at nanatili sa loob ng maraming siglo.

mound
mound
[Pangngalan]

a small, natural hill or raised area of earth, typically formed by natural processes

maliit na burol, tambak ng lupa

maliit na burol, tambak ng lupa

Ex: The playground had a small mound where kids loved to climb. 

Ang palaruan ay may maliit na burol kung saan gustong-gusto ng mga bata na umakyat.

mudflat
mudflat
[Pangngalan]

a coastal wetland area that is covered by mud or silt at low tide and exposed at high tide

latian ng putik, kapatagan ng lusak

latian ng putik, kapatagan ng lusak

berm
berm
[Pangngalan]

a flat strip or ledge of land, located along the side of a road, typically used for drainage or as a barrier

berma, gilid

berma, gilid

Ex: The cyclists rode along the berm to stay clear of traffic. 

Ang mga siklista ay sumakay sa kahabaan ng berm upang manatiling malayo sa trapiko.

bluff
bluff
[Pangngalan]

a high, steep cliff or bank overlooking a body of water, often formed by erosion or geological processes

bangin, talampas

bangin, talampas

Ex: The ship sailed close to the bluff, towering above the sea. 

Ang barko ay naglayag malapit sa bluff, na nakataas sa ibabaw ng dagat.

bank
bank
[Pangngalan]

land along the sides of a river, canal, etc.

pampang, baybayin

pampang, baybayin

Ex: The flooded river caused the water to rise above its banks, spilling into the nearby fields. 
gorge
gorge
[Pangngalan]

a steep-sided valley, often with a stream running through it

bangin, kanyon

bangin, kanyon

Ex: The hikers explored a gorge carved by the river. 

Tiningnan ng mga manlalakad ang isang kanyon na hinukay ng ilog.

tundra
tundra
[Pangngalan]

the expansive flat Arctic regions, of North America, Asia, and Europe, in which no trees grow and the soil is always frozen

tundra, ang tundra

tundra, ang tundra

Ex: The Arctic tundra is characterized by its cold, treeless landscape and permafrost, making it a harsh environment for plant and animal life. 

Ang Arctic tundra ay kinikilala sa pamamagitan ng malamig nitong tanawin na walang puno at permafrost, na ginagawa itong isang mahirap na kapaligiran para sa buhay ng halaman at hayop.

tract
tract
[Pangngalan]

a large area of land, often defined by boundaries, used for specific purposes such as development, agriculture, or conservation

lupain, parsela

lupain, parsela

Ex: Farmers cultivated crops on a vast tract of fertile soil. 

Ang mga magsasaka ay nagtanim ng mga pananim sa isang malawak na tract ng matabang lupa.

overland
overland
[pang-uri]

related to travel or transport over land, especially across long distances or difficult terrain

panlupa, sa lupa

panlupa, sa lupa

Ex: The explorers embarked on an overland journey through the rugged mountains. 

Ang mga eksplorador ay naglunsad ng isang lupaing paglalakbay sa kahabaan ng mga mabundok na lupain.

to erode
to erode
[Pandiwa]

to undergo gradual wearing away or reduction in size, typically as a result of natural forces or environmental factors

magbawas, umurong

magbawas, umurong

Ex: Coastal dunes erode gradually, reshaping the landscape with each tide. 

Ang mga coastal dunes ay unti-unting nag-e-erode, na nagbabago ng tanawin sa bawat pagtaas ng tubig.

rapid
rapid
[Pangngalan]

a fast and turbulent part of a river with swift currents and obstacles like rocks

mabilis

mabilis

Ex: The guide steered the raft through the rapids safely. 
creek
creek
[Pangngalan]

a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

sapa, maliit na ilog

sapa, maliit na ilog

Ex: The children played by the creek, skipping stones and exploring the banks. 

Ang mga bata ay naglaro sa tabi ng sapa, nagpapatalbog ng mga bato at nag-eeksplora sa mga pampang.

tributary
tributary
[Pangngalan]

a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

tributaryo, tributary

tributaryo, tributary

Ex: The Missouri River is a major waterway, with numerous tributaries joining its flow. 

Ang Ilog Missouri ay isang pangunahing daanan ng tubig, na may maraming tributary na sumasama sa daloy nito.

puddle
puddle
[Pangngalan]

a small pool of water or other liquid, particularly rainwater

lusak, sanaw

lusak, sanaw

Ex: After the rain, a large puddle formed at the end of the driveway, making it difficult to navigate. 
eddy
eddy
[Pangngalan]

a circular current of water or air that moves against the main flow, creating a small whirlpool or whirl

puyo, alimpuyo

puyo, alimpuyo

Ex: The boat was briefly caught in an eddy near the river's bend. 

Ang bangka ay pansamantalang nahuli sa isang alimpuyo malapit sa liko ng ilog.

current
current
[Pangngalan]

the flow or movement of water or a liquid in a specific direction

agos, daloy

agos, daloy

Ex: The ocean current carried the boat further out to sea than they had anticipated. 
brook
brook
[Pangngalan]

a small, natural watercourse or stream; typically characterized by a gentle and continuous flow

sapa, batis

sapa, batis

Ex: They enjoyed a peaceful walk along the brook. 

Nasiyahan sila sa isang payapang lakad sa tabi ng sapa.

ripple
ripple
[Pangngalan]

a slight wave or series of waves on the water's surface caused by a breeze or a disturbance

isang alon, isang kislap

isang alon, isang kislap

Ex: The stone created a ripple as it skipped across the pond. 

Ang bato ay lumikha ng isang alon habang ito ay tumatalon sa ibabaw ng lawa.

trickle
trickle
[Pangngalan]

a small, slow flow of liquid

tulo, patak

tulo, patak

Ex: A trickle of water seeped from the leaky faucet. 

Isang patak ng tubig ang tumulo sa sirang gripo.

inlet
inlet
[Pangngalan]

a narrow body of water between islands or leading inland from a larger body of water, often serving as a passageway or channel

pasukan, kanal

pasukan, kanal

Ex: The boat navigated through the narrow inlet to reach the hidden bay. 

Ang bangka ay naglayag sa makitid na daanan ng tubig upang marating ang nakatagong bay.

swash
swash
[Pangngalan]

the gentle, rhythmic movement and sound of water as it washes up onto the shore or against objects

alingawngaw ng alon, mahinang tunog ng tubig

alingawngaw ng alon, mahinang tunog ng tubig

Ex: The beach was filled with the soothing swash of the waves. 

Ang beach ay puno ng nakakarelaks na tunog ng mga alon.

runoff
runoff
[Pangngalan]

the excess liquid, typically water, that exceeds the capacity of an area to contain or absorb it

agos, pag-agos

agos, pag-agos

Ex: After heavy rain, the runoff from the hillsides flooded the streets below. 

Pagkatapos ng malakas na ulan, ang runoff mula sa mga burol ay binaha ang mga kalye sa ibaba.

lagoon
lagoon
[Pangngalan]

a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

laguna, lawa

laguna, lawa

Ex: The lagoons of the Maldives are known for their turquoise waters and vibrant coral reefs. 

Ang mga lagoon ng Maldives ay kilala sa kanilang turkesang tubig at masiglang coral reefs.

swamp
swamp
[Pangngalan]

an area of land that is covered with water or is always very wet

latian, bana

latian, bana

Ex: The swamp was teeming with diverse wildlife, from alligators to herons and turtles. 

Ang swamp ay puno ng iba't ibang wildlife, mula sa alligators hanggang sa herons at pagong.

estuary
estuary
[Pangngalan]

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

wawa, bunganga ng ilog

wawa, bunganga ng ilog

Ex: The estuary teemed with marine life, providing a vital habitat for many species. 

Ang estuaryo ay puno ng buhay dagat, na nagbibigay ng mahalagang tirahan para sa maraming species.

gully
gully
[Pangngalan]

a narrow channel or ravine formed by the erosion of soil, especially by running water during rainfall or storms

bangin, kanal

bangin, kanal

Ex: Heavy rains carved a deep gully through the soft earth of the hillside. 

Ang malalakas na ulan ay humukay ng malalim na kanal sa malambot na lupa ng burol.

slough
slough
[Pangngalan]

a stagnant or slow-moving channel or inlet, often connected to a larger body of water, such as a marsh, swamp, or backwater

isang patay na sanga, isang latian

isang patay na sanga, isang latian

Ex: The wildlife refuge was teeming with birds nesting along the slough. 

Ang wildlife refuge ay puno ng mga ibong nagpupugad sa tabi ng latian.

splatter
splatter
[Pangngalan]

the scattered droplets or particles of water or liquid that result from something being struck or dispersed forcefully

pagsaboy, pagkalat

pagsaboy, pagkalat

Ex: The sudden downpour created a splatter on the pavement, forming small puddles. 

Ang biglaang malakas na ulan ay lumikha ng pagsaboy sa bangketa, na bumubuo ng maliliit na tubig-tubig.

fjord
fjord
[Pangngalan]

a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

fjord, look ng glacier

fjord, look ng glacier

Ex: The Norwegian coast is renowned for its stunning fjords, with deep blue waters surrounded by towering cliffs. 

Ang baybayin ng Norway ay kilala sa kanyang kamangha-manghang mga fjord, na may malalim na asul na tubig na napapaligiran ng matataas na bangin.

tsunami
tsunami
[Pangngalan]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

tsunami

Ex: The devastating tsunami in 2004 wreaked havoc across coastal regions of Southeast Asia. 

Ang nagwasak na tsunami noong 2004 ay nagdulot ng malaking pinsala sa mga baybaying rehiyon ng Timog-Silangang Asya.

cascade
cascade
[Pangngalan]

a small steep waterfall, usually one of several others

talon

talon

Ex: The hikers stopped to admire the beautiful cascade in the forest. 

Ang mga naglalakad ay tumigil upang humanga sa magandang talon sa gubat.

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