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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 4 - Pagbasa - Talata 2 (2)

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 4 - Pagbasa - Passage 2 (2) sa Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic
straightforward
[pang-uri]

easy to comprehend or perform without any difficulties

simple, direkta

simple, direkta

Ex: The task was straightforward, taking only a few minutes to complete .Ang gawain ay **madali**, tumagal lamang ng ilang minuto upang makumpleto.
laboratory
[Pangngalan]

a region resembling a laboratory inasmuch as it offers opportunities for observation and practice and experimentation

laboratoryo, eksperimental na pagawaan

laboratoryo, eksperimental na pagawaan

to legislate
[Pandiwa]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

magbatas, lumikha ng batas

magbatas, lumikha ng batas

Ex: The parliament is set to legislate a minimum wage increase in the next session .Ang parliyamento ay handa na **magpasa ng batas** para sa pagtaas ng minimum wage sa susunod na sesyon.
to undermine
[Pandiwa]

to gradually decrease the effectiveness, confidence, or power of something or someone

pahinain, bawasan ang bisa

pahinain, bawasan ang bisa

Ex: The economic downturn severely undermined the company 's financial stability .Ang paghina ng ekonomiya ay lubhang **nagpahina** sa katatagan ng pananalapi ng kumpanya.
monopoly
[Pangngalan]

the exclusive authority or ownership over a particular resource or domain

monopolyo

monopolyo

Ex: The government regulated monopolies to protect consumers .
finding
[Pangngalan]

a piece of information discovered as a result of a research

pagtuklas, natuklasan

pagtuklas, natuklasan

Ex: Their finding suggested that diet plays a major role in health outcomes .Ang kanilang **pagtuklas** ay nagmungkahi na ang diyeta ay may malaking papel sa mga resulta ng kalusugan.
barrier
[Pangngalan]

an obstacle that separates people or hinders any progress or communication

hadlang, balakid

hadlang, balakid

Ex: Fear can be a psychological barrier to success .Ang takot ay maaaring maging isang **hadlang** sa sikolohikal na tagumpay.
implication
[Pangngalan]

a possible consequence that something can bring about

implikasyon,  bunga

implikasyon, bunga

Ex: She understood the implications of her choice to move to a new city .Naintindihan niya ang **implikasyon** ng kanyang desisyon na lumipat sa isang bagong lungsod.
to deliver
[Pandiwa]

to provide or supply something that was expected or promised

ihatid, magbigay

ihatid, magbigay

Ex: The contractor delivered on the renovation work , finishing ahead of schedule .Ang kontratista ay **naghatid** sa gawain ng renovasyon, natapos bago ang nakasaad na iskedyul.
restriction
[Pangngalan]

a rule or law that limits what one can do or the thing that can happen

pagbabawal, limitasyon

pagbabawal, limitasyon

Ex: The rental agreement included a restriction on subletting the apartment without the landlord ’s approval .Kasama sa rental agreement ang isang **restriksyon** sa pagpapasublet ng apartment nang walang pahintulot ng may-ari.
to set up
[Pandiwa]

to establish a fresh entity, such as a company, system, or organization

magtatag, mag-set up

magtatag, mag-set up

Ex: After months of planning and coordination , the entrepreneurs finally set up their own software development company in the heart of the city .Matapos ang ilang buwan ng pagpaplano at koordinasyon, sa wakas ay **itinatag** ng mga negosyante ang kanilang sariling kumpanya ng pag-unlad ng software sa gitna ng lungsod.
consistent
[pang-uri]

having the same quality, level, or effect throughout

Ex: The paint finish was consistent across all walls .
account
[Pangngalan]

a general description of an idea, a theory, or an event

salaysay, paglalarawan

salaysay, paglalarawan

Ex: Each participant provided an account of their role in the project , illustrating its overall success .Ang bawat kalahok ay nagbigay ng **salaysay** ng kanilang papel sa proyekto, na naglalarawan ng kabuuang tagumpay nito.

to provide clarification, understanding, or insight into a topic, situation, or problem

Ex: The therapist's questions were designed to shed light on the underlying reasons for the patient's anxiety.
to illustrate
[Pandiwa]

to serve as a clear instance or representation of a broader concept or situation

ilarawan, ipakitang muli

ilarawan, ipakitang muli

Ex: The artist 's work illustrates the evolution of abstract art in the 20th century .Ang gawa ng artista ay **nagpapakita** ng ebolusyon ng abstract art noong ika-20 siglo.
earnings
[Pangngalan]

(always plural) money received for work done or services provided

kita, kita

kita, kita

Ex: The government 's policies aimed to increase household earnings and reduce income inequality .Ang mga patakaran ng pamahalaan ay naglalayong dagdagan ang **kita** ng sambahayan at bawasan ang hindi pagkakapantay-pantay sa kita.
to threaten
[Pandiwa]

to indicate a potential danger or risk to someone or something

bantaan, magbanta

bantaan, magbanta

Ex: The lack of cybersecurity measures could threaten the integrity of sensitive information .Ang kakulangan ng mga hakbang sa cybersecurity ay maaaring **magbanta** sa integridad ng sensitibong impormasyon.
predominantly
[pang-abay]

in a manner that consists mostly of a specific kind, quality, etc.

pangunahin, karamihan

pangunahin, karamihan

Ex: The weather in this area is predominantly hot and dry throughout the year .Ang panahon sa lugar na ito ay **pangunahin** na mainit at tuyo sa buong taon.
to reprimand
[Pandiwa]

to severely criticize or scold someone for their actions or behaviors

pagsabihan, kagalitan

pagsabihan, kagalitan

Ex: The guideline suggests that managers not reprimand employees in a way that undermines their motivation .Ang alituntunin ay nagmumungkahi na ang mga tagapamahala ay hindi **pagsabihan** ang mga empleyado sa paraang nagpapahina ng kanilang motivasyon.
to weave
[Pandiwa]

to create fabric or material by interlacing threads, yarn, or other strands in a pattern using a loom or by hand

habi, lala

habi, lala

Ex: The textile factory employs workers who expertly weave various fabrics .Ang pabrika ng tela ay nag-eempleyo ng mga manggagawa na bihasang **humahabi** ng iba't ibang tela.
counter
[pang-uri]

indicating opposition or resistance

laban

laban

Ex: A counter strategy was devised to block the rival team.
ordinance
[Pangngalan]

an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority

ordinansa, kautusan

ordinansa, kautusan

Ex: Environmental ordinances protect local wildlife .
to reserve
[Pandiwa]

to keep something for a specific purpose or use

maglaan

maglaan

Ex: The park reserves certain areas for picnics and gatherings .Ang parke ay **naglaan** ng ilang mga lugar para sa piknik at pagtitipon.
to summon
[Pandiwa]

to officially call someone, typically to attend court or fulfill a legal obligation

tawagin, ipatawag

tawagin, ipatawag

Ex: The regulatory agency summoned the company executives to discuss compliance issues .Ang regulatory agency ay **tinawag** ang mga executive ng kumpanya para talakayin ang mga isyu sa pagsunod.
fine
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa, parusa

multa, parusa

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .Ang hukom ay nagpataw ng **multa** sa kumpanya para sa mga paglabag sa kapaligiran.
equivalent
[pang-uri]

(of mathematical expressions or quantities) having the same value or function, even if they appear in different forms

katumbas

katumbas

Ex: The decimal 0.75 and the fraction 3/4 are equivalent because they represent the same quantity .Ang decimal na 0.75 at ang fraction na 3/4 ay **katumbas** dahil pareho silang kumakatawan sa parehong dami.
annual
[pang-uri]

related to or calculated over the course of a year

taunan, anual

taunan, anual

Ex: He calculates his annual expenses to better manage his budget .Kinakalkula niya ang kanyang **taunang** gastos para mas mahusay na pamahalaan ang kanyang badyet.
wage
[Pangngalan]

money that a person earns, daily or weekly, in exchange for their work

sahod, suweldo

sahod, suweldo

Ex: The government implemented policies to ensure fair wages and improve living standards for workers.Nagpatupad ang gobyerno ng mga patakaran upang matiyak ang patas na **sahod** at mapabuti ang pamantayan ng pamumuhay ng mga manggagawa.
defiance
[Pangngalan]

the act of opposing or fighting against someone or something that is in a position of power

hamon, paglaban

hamon, paglaban

to reflect
[Pandiwa]

to show a particular quality, characteristic, or emotion

magpakita, ipahiwatig

magpakita, ipahiwatig

Ex: Her actions reflect her kindness and compassion towards others .Ang kanyang mga kilos ay **nagpapakita** ng kanyang kabaitan at habag sa iba.
to regulate
[Pandiwa]

to control or adjust something in a way that agrees with rules and regulations

regulahin, kontrolin

regulahin, kontrolin

Ex: The manager is actively regulating safety protocols for the workplace .Ang manager ay aktibong **nagre-regulate** ng mga safety protocol para sa workplace.
labor
[Pangngalan]

work, particularly difficult physical work

paggawa, trabaho

paggawa, trabaho

Ex: She hired additional labor to help with the extensive renovations on her house .Umupa siya ng karagdagang **paggawa** para tumulong sa malawakang pag-aayos ng kanyang bahay.
dominance
[Pangngalan]

the state of having superiority over another party in terms of power, knowledge, influence, etc.

pangingibabaw

pangingibabaw

to hold back
[Pandiwa]

to prevent someone or something from advancing or crossing a particular point

pigilan, hadlangan

pigilan, hadlangan

Ex: She tried to hold back the growing panic in the crowded theater .Sinubukan niyang **pigilan** ang lumalaking takot sa masikip na teatro.
innovation
[Pangngalan]

a method, product, way of doing something, etc. that is newly introduced

pagbabago, inobasyon

pagbabago, inobasyon

Ex: The smartphone was considered a groundbreaking innovation when first launched .Ang smartphone ay itinuturing na isang **makabagong** pagbabago noong unang inilunsad.
to gather
[Pandiwa]

to bring things together in one place

tipunin, mag-ipon

tipunin, mag-ipon

Ex: The chef is gathering the ingredients for the recipe from the pantry and refrigerator .Ang chef ay **nagtitipon** ng mga sangkap para sa resipe mula sa pantry at refrigerator.
phase
[Pangngalan]

a distinct period or stage in a sequence of events or development

yugto, bahagi

yugto, bahagi

Ex: This phase of the experiment involves data collection and analysis .Ang **yugto** na ito ng eksperimento ay nagsasangkot ng pagkolekta at pagsusuri ng datos.
constant
[pang-uri]

remaining unchanged and stable in degree, amount, or condition

pare-pareho, matatag

pare-pareho, matatag

Ex: Through every challenge , her constant loyalty never wavered .Sa bawat hamon, ang kanyang **patuloy na katapatan** ay hindi kailanman nag-alangan.
to link
[Pandiwa]

to establish a relationship or association between two things

iugnay, pagdugtungin

iugnay, pagdugtungin

Ex: The detective is trying to link the evidence to the suspect 's whereabouts on the night of the crime .Sinusubukan ng detektib na **i-link** ang ebidensya sa kinaroroonan ng suspek sa gabi ng krimen.
cultivation
[Pangngalan]

the practice of preparing and using land for growing crops, especially on a large scale

Ex: Soil quality directly affects the cultivation of vegetables .
adoption
[Pangngalan]

the action of starting to use a certain plan, name, method, or idea

pagtanggap, pag-ampon

pagtanggap, pag-ampon

Ex: The adoption of the new policy improved workplace efficiency and employee satisfaction .Ang **pag-aampon** ng bagong patakaran ay nagpabuti sa kahusayan sa lugar ng trabaho at kasiyahan ng empleyado.
aspect
[Pangngalan]

a defining or distinctive feature of something

aspeto, katangian

aspeto, katangian

Ex: Climate change affects every aspect of our daily lives .Apektong pang-araw-araw ng ating buhay ang apektado ng pagbabago ng klima.
to engage
[Pandiwa]

to take part in or become involved with something actively

makilahok, makisali

makilahok, makisali

Ex: She engaged in a lively discussion about the book.Siya ay **nakibahagi** sa isang masiglang talakayan tungkol sa libro.
productive
[pang-uri]

producing desired results through effective and efficient use of time, resources, and effort

produktibo, mabisa

produktibo, mabisa

Ex: Their productive collaboration resulted in a successful project .Ang kanilang **mabungang** pakikipagtulungan ay nagresulta sa isang matagumpay na proyekto.
innovative
[pang-uri]

(of ideas, products, etc.) creative and unlike anything else that exists

makabago, orihinal

makabago, orihinal

Ex: The architect presented an innovative building design that defied conventional structures .Ang arkitekto ay nagpresenta ng isang **makabagong** disenyo ng gusali na sumalungat sa mga kinaugaliang istruktura.
threshold
[Pangngalan]

the starting point for a new state or experience

bunga, hangganan

bunga, hangganan

notice
[Pangngalan]

the attention or interest someone gives to a person, thing, or event

pansin, paunawa

pansin, paunawa

Ex: He brought the issue to my notice.Dinala niya ang isyu sa aking **pansin**.
tipping point
[Pangngalan]

the moment when a small or slow change becomes strong enough to cause a big, often fast change in a situation, condition, or trend

punto ng pagbabago, sandali ng pagbabago

punto ng pagbabago, sandali ng pagbabago

Ex: A few more changes will push the system past its tipping point.Ang ilang mga pagbabago pa ay itutulak ang sistema lampas sa **punto ng pagbabago** nito.
Cambridge IELTS 17 - Akademiko
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