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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 2 - Pagbasa - Bahagi 3

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 sa Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
to have a laugh
[Parirala]

to share moments of humor and laughter with others

Ex: Even during tough times, they find a way to have a laugh and stay positive.
sense of humor
[Parirala]

one's ability to say funny things or be amused by jokes and other things meant to make one laugh

Ex: He uses his sense of humor to connect with people and make them feel comfortable.
in response to
[Preposisyon]

as a reaction or answer to something

bilang tugon sa, bilang reaksyon sa

bilang tugon sa, bilang reaksyon sa

Ex: In response to the feedback received , we have made several improvements to the product .**Bilang tugon sa** mga feedback na natanggap, gumawa kami ng ilang mga pagpapabuti sa produkto.
stimulus
[Pangngalan]

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

pampasigla, stimulus

pampasigla, stimulus

Ex: Teachers often use interactive and engaging stimuli, like educational games or hands-on activities , to stimulate interest and enhance the learning experience in the classroom .Madalas gumamit ang mga guro ng interaktibo at nakakaengganyong mga **stimulus**, tulad ng mga laro pang-edukasyon o mga hands-on na aktibidad, upang pasiglahin ang interes at pagandahin ang karanasan sa pag-aaral sa silid-aralan.
resource
[Pangngalan]

(usually plural) means such as equipment, money, manpower, etc. that a person or organization can benefit from

mapagkukunan, paraan

mapagkukunan, paraan

Ex: She utilized her network of contacts as a valuable resource for career advancement .Ginamit niya ang kanyang network ng mga kontak bilang isang mahalagang **resource** para sa pag-unlad ng karera.
to range
[Pandiwa]

to have or include a variety of what is mentioned

sumaklaw, mag-iba-iba

sumaklaw, mag-iba-iba

Ex: His skills ranged from programming and web design to graphic design and video editing .Ang kanyang mga kasanayan ay **saklaw** mula sa programming at web design hanggang sa graphic design at video editing.
neuroscience
[Pangngalan]

the scientific study of the nervous system

neuroscience

neuroscience

perception
[Pangngalan]

the image or idea that is formed based on how one understands something

pang-unawa, pananaw

pang-unawa, pananaw

Ex: Media coverage can influence public perception on important topics .Ang coverage ng media ay maaaring makaapekto sa **pananaw** ng publiko sa mahahalagang paksa.
evolution
[Pangngalan]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

ebolusyon

ebolusyon

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.Ang **ebolusyon** ay nagdulot ng kamangha-manghang pagkakaiba-iba ng mga halaman at hayop na nakikita natin sa Earth ngayon.
adaptation
[Pangngalan]

adaptation refers to the process of adjusting or modifying oneself or something to fit new circumstances or conditions

pag-aangkop, pagsasaayos

pag-aangkop, pagsasaayos

Ex: Her adaptation to the fast-paced work environment was impressive .Ang kanyang **pag-aangkop** sa mabilis na kapaligiran sa trabaho ay kahanga-hanga.
laugh track
[Pangngalan]

pre-recorded laughter added to a radio or television show to make it seem like the audience is having a laugh

track ng tawa, pre-recorded na tawa

track ng tawa, pre-recorded na tawa

Ex: The sitcom was funny , but the constant laugh track felt forced and distracting .Nakakatawa ang sitcom, ngunit ang patuloy na **tunog ng tawa** ay pilit at nakakaabala.
to intend
[Pandiwa]

to have something in mind as a plan or purpose

balak, plano

balak, plano

Ex: I intend to start exercising regularly to improve my health .**Balak** kong magsimulang mag-ehersisyo nang regular para mapabuti ang aking kalusugan.
to pick up on
[Pandiwa]

to notice something that is not immediately obvious

mapansin, makahalata

mapansin, makahalata

Ex: Despite the actor 's composed demeanor , keen-eyed fans picked up on the slight tremor in his hands , indicating nervousness .Sa kabila ng kalmadong pag-uugali ng aktor, ang matalas na mata ng mga tagahanga ay **napansin** ang bahagyang panginginig ng kanyang mga kamay, na nagpapahiwatig ng nerbiyos.
to conduct
[Pandiwa]

to direct or participate in the management, organization, or execution of something

pamunuan, isagawa

pamunuan, isagawa

Ex: The CEO will personally conduct negotiations with potential business partners .Ang CEO mismo ang **magsasagawa** ng negosasyon sa mga potensyal na negosyong partner.
indigenous
[pang-uri]

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

katutubo,  likas

katutubo, likas

Ex: Many indigenous languages are at risk of disappearing, prompting efforts to preserve and revitalize them.Maraming **katutubong** wika ang nanganganib na mawala, na nag-uudyok ng mga pagsisikap na panatilihin at buhayin ang mga ito.
tribe
[Pangngalan]

a social group united by shared ancestry, culture, or customs

tribo, lipi

tribo, lipi

anthropologist
[Pangngalan]

a scientist who studies human beings, especially their societies, cultures, languages, and physical development, both past and present

antropologo, etnologo

antropologo, etnologo

diverse
[pang-uri]

showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

iba't ibang, magkakaiba

iba't ibang, magkakaiba

Ex: The festival showcased diverse musical genres .Ipinakita ng festival ang **iba't ibang** mga genre ng musika.
dweller
[Pangngalan]

a person or animal that resides in a particular place or habitat

naninirahan, residente

naninirahan, residente

Ex: Mountain dwellers have adapted to the high altitude and rugged terrain .Ang mga **naninirahan** sa bundok ay umangkop sa mataas na altitude at mabundok na lupain.
consistent
[pang-uri]

following the same course of action or behavior over time

pare-pareho, regular

pare-pareho, regular

Ex: The author 's consistent writing schedule allowed them to publish a book every year .Ang **pare-pareho** na iskedyul ng pagsusulat ng may-akda ay nagpapahintulot sa kanila na mag-publish ng isang libro bawat taon.
approximately
[pang-abay]

used to say that something such as a number or amount is not exact

humigit-kumulang, mga

humigit-kumulang, mga

Ex: The temperature is expected to reach approximately 25 degrees Celsius tomorrow .Inaasahang aabot ang temperatura sa **humigit-kumulang** 25 degrees Celsius bukas.
to serve
[Pandiwa]

to produce a specific result or effect

maglingkod, mag-ambag

maglingkod, mag-ambag

Ex: The new evidence served to complicate the investigation .Ang bagong ebidensya ay **nagsilbi** upang gawing kumplikado ang imbestigasyon.
code
[Pangngalan]

a set of letters, numbers, or symbols used to classify or identify something

kodigo, password

kodigo, password

Ex: You need a PIN code to use this ATM .Kailangan mo ng PIN **code** para magamit ang ATM na ito.
hierarchy
[Pangngalan]

the grouping of people into different levels or ranks according to their power or importance within a society or system

hierarchya, antasang pamunuan

hierarchya, antasang pamunuan

Ex: The military hierarchy was rigid , with ranks ranging from general to private , each with specific duties and responsibilities .Ang **hierarchy** ng militar ay mahigpit, na may mga ranggo mula sa heneral hanggang sa pribado, bawat isa ay may tiyak na mga tungkulin at responsibilidad.
to influence
[Pandiwa]

to have an effect on a particular person or thing

makaapekto, magkaroon ng impluwensya sa

makaapekto, magkaroon ng impluwensya sa

Ex: Parenting styles can influence a child 's emotional and social development .Ang mga istilo ng pagiging magulang ay maaaring **makaapekto** sa emosyonal at panlipunang pag-unlad ng isang bata.
dominant
[pang-uri]

having superiority in power, influence, or importance

nangingibabaw, dominante

nangingibabaw, dominante

Ex: The dominant culture in the region influences many aspects of daily life and traditions .Ang **nangingibabaw** na kultura sa rehiyon ay nakakaimpluwensya sa maraming aspeto ng pang-araw-araw na buhay at mga tradisyon.
submissive
[pang-uri]

showing a tendency to be passive or compliant

masunurin, sunud-sunuran

masunurin, sunud-sunuran

Ex: His submissive behavior in the relationship showed his willingness to prioritize his partner ’s needs over his own .Ang kanyang **masunurin** na pag-uugali sa relasyon ay nagpakita ng kanyang kahandaang unahin ang mga pangangailangan ng kanyang kapartner kaysa sa kanyang sarili.
to assign
[Pandiwa]

to categorize or organize something into specific groups or classifications

italaga, ipamahagi

italaga, ipamahagi

Ex: The researcher assigned the samples to various groups for the experiment .Ang mananaliksik ay **nagtalaga** ng mga sample sa iba't ibang grupo para sa eksperimento.
to compose
[Pandiwa]

to form or make up a whole

bumuo, gumawa

bumuo, gumawa

Ex: The menu is composed of a variety of dishes , catering to different dietary preferences .Ang menu ay **binubuo** ng iba't ibang putahe, na tumutugon sa iba't ibang kagustuhan sa pagkain.
fraternity
[Pangngalan]

a social club for male students in a university or college, especially in the US and Canada

kapatiran, praternidad

kapatiran, praternidad

Ex: He formed lifelong friendships through his involvement in the fraternity during his college years .Nakabuo siya ng mga pagkakaibigang panghabang-buhay sa pamamagitan ng kanyang pakikilahok sa **fraternity** noong mga taon niya sa kolehiyo.
to tease
[Pandiwa]

to playfully annoy someone by making jokes or sarcastic remarks

manukso, biruin nang pabiro

manukso, biruin nang pabiro

Ex: Couples may tease each other affectionately , adding a touch of humor to their relationship .Ang mga mag-asawa ay maaaring **biruin** nang may pagmamahal ang bawat isa, na nagdaragdag ng isang pagpindot ng katatawanan sa kanilang relasyon.
insulting
[pang-uri]

causing offense or disrespect

nakakainsulto, nakakasakit ng damdamin

nakakainsulto, nakakasakit ng damdamin

Ex: Making fun of someone 's background or culture is disrespectful and insulting.Ang pagbibiro sa pinagmulan o kultura ng isang tao ay walang galang at **nakakainsulto**.
analysis
[Pangngalan]

a methodical examination of the whole structure of something and the relation between its components

pagsusuri, sistematikong pagsusuri

pagsusuri, sistematikong pagsusuri

Ex: The engineer conducted a thorough analysis of the bridge 's structural integrity .Ang inhinyero ay nagsagawa ng isang masusing **pagsusuri** sa integridad ng istruktura ng tulay.
relative
[pang-uri]

measured or judged in comparison to something else

kamag-anak

kamag-anak

Ex: The success of the project was relative to the effort put into it .Ang tagumpay ng proyekto ay **kamag-anak** sa pagsisikap na inilagay dito.
based
[pang-uri]

having a base

batay, nakabatay

batay, nakabatay

newcomer
[Pangngalan]

any new participant in some activity

bagong dating, bagong kalahok

bagong dating, bagong kalahok

pitch
[Pangngalan]

the degree of highness or lowness of a tone that is determined by the frequency of waves producing it

tono, antas

tono, antas

Ex: The orchestra conductor emphasized the importance of maintaining consistent pitch throughout the performance .Binigyang-diin ng konduktor ng orkestra ang kahalagahan ng pagpapanatili ng pare-parehong **tono** sa buong pagtatanghal.
variable
[pang-uri]

subject to change or variation

nag-iiba, pabagu-bago

nag-iiba, pabagu-bago

Ex: The teacher adjusted her teaching methods to accommodate the variable learning styles of her students .Inayos ng guro ang kanyang mga paraan ng pagtuturo upang maakma ang mga **nagbabago** na istilo ng pag-aaral ng kanyang mga estudyante.
tone
[Pangngalan]

the quality of a person's voice

tono, intonasyon

tono, intonasyon

in line with
[Preposisyon]

used to convey that someone or something is conforming to a particular standard, guideline, or expectation

alinsunod sa,  naaayon sa

alinsunod sa, naaayon sa

Ex: The project proposal is in line with the client 's requirements .Ang panukala ng proyekto ay **alinsunod sa** mga kinakailangan ng kliyente.
to perceive
[Pandiwa]

to understand or think about someone or something in a certain way

maramdaman, ituin

maramdaman, ituin

Ex: He perceives failure as a chance to grow .Nai**intindihan** niya ang pagkabigo bilang isang pagkakataon para lumago.
to rate
[Pandiwa]

to judge and assign a score or rank to something according to a set scale

tasa, markahan

tasa, markahan

Ex: He was asked to rate his pain on a scale from one to ten at the doctor 's office .Hiniling sa kanya na **tayahin** ang kanyang sakit sa iskala mula isa hanggang sampu sa opisina ng doktor.
hypothesis
[Pangngalan]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

hipotesis, palagay

hipotesis, palagay

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their initial hypothesis.Matapos suriin ang datos, kinumpirma o pinabulaanan nila ang kanilang paunang **hipotesis**.
respite
[Pangngalan]

a temporary easing or reduction of something unpleasant or difficult

pahinga, pagpapahinga

pahinga, pagpapahinga

Ex: There was little respite from the constant pressure of deadlines .May kaunting **pahinga** mula sa patuloy na presyon ng mga takdang oras.
tedious
[pang-uri]

boring and repetitive, often causing frustration or weariness due to a lack of variety or interest

nakakainip, nakakapagod

nakakainip, nakakapagod

Ex: Sorting through the clutter in the attic proved to be a tedious and time-consuming endeavor .Ang pag-aayos ng kalat sa attic ay napatunayang isang **nakakabagot** at matagal na gawain.
to facilitate
[Pandiwa]

to help something, such as a process or action, become possible or simpler

padaliin, tulungan

padaliin, tulungan

Ex: Technology can facilitate communication among team members .Ang teknolohiya ay maaaring **magpadali** ng komunikasyon sa pagitan ng mga miyembro ng koponan.
replenishment
[Pangngalan]

the process of refilling or restoring something to its original level or condition

pagpupuno, pagdaragdag

pagpupuno, pagdaragdag

Ex: After the marathon , athletes needed proper hydration and replenishment of electrolytes .Pagkatapos ng marathon, kailangan ng mga atleta ng tamang hydration at **pagpuno** ng electrolytes.
to recruit
[Pandiwa]

to bring someone into a group, organization, or cause as a member or worker

kuha, rekruit

kuha, rekruit

Ex: She helped recruit friends and family to raise funds for the hospital .Tumulong siya na **mag-recruit** ng mga kaibigan at pamilya upang makalikom ng pondo para sa ospital.
ostensibly
[pang-abay]

in a way that is based on appearances or perception

parang, halatang

parang, halatang

Ex: The charity event was ostensibly organized to support a local cause , but some suspected hidden motives .Ang charity event ay **sa malas** ay inorganisa upang suportahan ang isang lokal na adhikain, ngunit may ilang naghinala ng mga nakatagong motibo.
to elicit
[Pandiwa]

to make someone react in a certain way or reveal information

pukawin, makuha

pukawin, makuha

Ex: The survey was carefully crafted to elicit specific feedback and opinions from the participants.Ang survey ay maingat na binuo upang **makuha** ang tiyak na feedback at opinyon mula sa mga kalahok.
contentment
[Pangngalan]

happiness and satisfaction, particularly with one's life

kasiyahan, kuntento

kasiyahan, kuntento

Ex: Contentment is n't about having everything , but being happy with what you have .Ang **kasiyahan** ay hindi tungkol sa pagkakaroon ng lahat, kundi sa pagiging masaya sa kung ano ang mayroon ka.
factual
[pang-uri]

based on facts or reality, rather than opinions or emotions

batay sa katotohanan, objektibo

batay sa katotohanan, objektibo

Ex: The database contains factual data about various species of animals .Ang database ay naglalaman ng **totoo** na datos tungkol sa iba't ibang uri ng hayop.
persistence
[Pangngalan]

the ongoing existence or continuous effort of something over a period of time, especially despite difficulties

pagpupursige, katatagan

pagpupursige, katatagan

Ex: The persistence of bad weather made the outdoor event impossible to hold .Ang **pagpapatuloy** ng masamang panahon ay ginawang imposible ang pagdaraos ng outdoor na event.
profile
[Pangngalan]

a brief description of a person's life, achievements, and characteristics

profile

profile

Ex: He read a profile of the entrepreneur in the business journal .Nabasa niya ang isang **profile** ng negosyante sa business journal.
assessment
[Pangngalan]

the act of judging or evaluating someone or something carefully based on specific standards or principles

pagsusuri, evaluasyon

pagsusuri, evaluasyon

Ex: The annual performance assessment helped employees and managers identify areas for improvement .Ang taunang **pagsusuri** ng pagganap ay nakatulong sa mga empleyado at manager na tukuyin ang mga lugar para sa pagpapabuti.
in a row
[pang-abay]

following one after another without interruptions

sunud-sunod,  walang patid

sunud-sunod, walang patid

Ex: The store was closed three Mondays in a row.Ang tindahan ay sarado ng tatlong Lunes **nang sunud-sunod**.
to program
[Pandiwa]

to write a set of codes in order to make a computer or a machine perform a particular task

programa

programa

Ex: The developer programmed the website to display dynamic content based on user interactions .**Nag-program** ang developer sa website para magpakita ng dynamic na content batay sa mga interaksyon ng user.
consecutive
[pang-uri]

continuously happening one after another

magkakasunod,  sunud-sunod

magkakasunod, sunud-sunod

Ex: The team has suffered consecutive defeats , putting their playoff hopes in jeopardy .Ang koponan ay nakaranas ng **sunud-sunod** na pagkatalo, na naglalagay sa kanilang mga pag-asa sa playoff sa panganib.
to replicate
[Pandiwa]

to conduct an experiment or test again, often under the same conditions, in order to verify or confirm the results

ulitin,  kopyahin

ulitin, kopyahin

Ex: After initial success , they replicated the test to ensure the findings were reliable .Matapos ang unang tagumpay, **inulit** nila ang pagsubok upang matiyak na ang mga natuklasan ay maaasahan.
multiplication
[Pangngalan]

the process or action of adding a number to itself a specific number of times

pagpaparami

pagpaparami

Ex: Multiplication is one of the four basic operations in math , along with addition , subtraction , and division .Ang **multiplication** ay isa sa apat na pangunahing operasyon sa matematika, kasama ang addition, subtraction, at division.
to relieve
[Pandiwa]

to decrease the amount of pain, stress, etc.

pawiin ang, bawasan

pawiin ang, bawasan

Ex: A good night 's sleep will relieve fatigue and improve overall well-being .Ang isang magandang tulog sa gabi ay **magpapagaan** ng pagod at magpapabuti sa pangkalahatang kagalingan.
energising
[pang-uri]

supplying motive force

nagbibigay-lakas, nagpapasigla

nagbibigay-lakas, nagpapasigla

to appeal
[Pandiwa]

to attract or gain interest, approval, or admiration

akit, magustuhan

akit, magustuhan

Ex: The novel 's unique storyline and compelling characters appealed to readers of all ages .Ang kakaibang kwento ng nobela at nakakahimok na mga tauhan ay **nakakuha ng interes** ng mga mambabasa ng lahat ng edad.
spectrum
[Pangngalan]

a broad range of related objects or values or qualities or ideas or activities

espektrum, saklaw

espektrum, saklaw

discipline
[Pangngalan]

a field of study that is typically taught in a university

disiplina

disiplina

Ex: Architecture is both an art and a discipline that combines creativity with technical expertise to design functional and aesthetic buildings .Ang **arkitektura** ay parehong isang sining at isang **disiplina** na pinagsasama ang pagkamalikhain at teknikal na kadalubhasaan upang magdisenyo ng mga gusali na may tungkulin at kaakit-akit.
to generate
[Pandiwa]

to cause or give rise to something

lumikha, magdulot

lumikha, magdulot

Ex: The marketing team generates leads through various online channels .Ang marketing team ay **nakakagawa** ng mga lead sa pamamagitan ng iba't ibang online channels.
deliberately
[pang-abay]

in a way that is done consciously and intentionally

sinasadya, kusa

sinasadya, kusa

Ex: The message was sent deliberately to cause confusion .Ang mensahe ay ipinadala **sinasadya** upang magdulot ng pagkalito.
frustrating
[pang-uri]

causing feelings of disappointment or annoyance by stopping someone from achieving their desires or goals

nakakainis, nakakabigo

nakakainis, nakakabigo

Ex: It 's frustrating trying to fix a problem that seems impossible to solve .Nakakainis na subukang ayusin ang isang problema na tila imposibleng malutas.
established
[pang-uri]

widely acknowledged as valid or customary

itinatag, kinikilala

itinatag, kinikilala

Ex: The artist gained recognition for breaking away from established artistic norms and introducing innovative techniques .Nakilala ang artista sa pag-alis sa **itinatag** na mga pamantayang pansining at pagpapakilala ng mga makabagong pamamaraan.
notion
[Pangngalan]

a general concept or belief

ideya, konsepto

ideya, konsepto

Ex: The notion of fairness is often debated in legal contexts .Ang **konsepto** ng pagiging patas ay madalas na pinagtatalunan sa mga kontekstong legal.
Cambridge IELTS 15 - Akademiko
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