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Академічний IELTS (Рівень 6-7) - Геологія

Тут ви дізнаєтеся деякі англійські слова, пов’язані з геологією, які необхідні для іспиту Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
crust

the outermost layer of the Earth, consisting of solid rock and divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust

кірка

кірка

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sediment

particles of solid material that settle at the bottom of a liquid

вимул

вимул

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erosion

the process by which soil and rock are gradually destroyed and removed by natural forces such as wind, water, and ice

ерозія

ерозія

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stratum

(geology) a distinct layer of rock or sediment

верства

верства

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mineralogy

the scientific study of minerals, their composition, properties, and classification, often involving the analysis of crystal structures and the identification of various mineral species

мінералогія

мінералогія

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petrology

the branch of geology that focuses on the study of rocks, their classification, composition, origin, and the processes involved in their formation

петрологія

петрологія

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geomorphology

the scientific study of landforms, their origin, development, and classification, often examining the processes that shape the Earth's surface, such as erosion, deposition, and tectonic activity

геоморфологія

геоморфологія

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stalactite

a tapering, icicle-like mineral formation hanging from the roof of a cave or underground structure, typically composed of calcium carbonate deposited by dripping water containing dissolved minerals

сталактит

сталактит

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stalagmite

a cone-shaped mineral formation rising from the floor of a cave or underground structure, formed by the deposition of minerals from dripping water containing dissolved substances

сталагміт

сталагміт

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eon

a vast and longest subdivision of geological time

eon

eon

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pangea

a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, comprising most of Earth's landmasses fused together before breaking apart into the continents we recognize today

пангея

пангея

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gondwanaland

an ancient supercontinent that included South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Peninsula

Гондвана

Гондвана

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laurasia

a hypothetical ancient supercontinent that existed from the late Precambrian to the Jurassic period, comprising the landmasses of present-day North America, Europe, Asia, and parts of Antarctica, before it began to break apart

Лавразія

Лавразія

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hydrosphere

the total amount of water on Earth, including oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and atmospheric water vapor

гідросфера

гідросфера

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superposition

a principle in geology stating that in a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the youngest rocks are at the top, and the oldest rocks are at the bottom, helping determine the relative ages of geological formations

накладення

накладення

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outcrop

a visible exposure of rock or geological strata at the Earth's surface, often occurring on hillsides, cliffs, or other elevated areas, providing insight into the underlying geological structure

вияв

вияв

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bedrock

solid rock beneath surface materials, forming the Earth's crust foundation

базис

базис

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mantle

the region of the Earth's interior, lying beneath the crust and extending to the outer core, composed of solid rock that can deform and flow over geological time scales

кожух

кожух

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