Академічний IELTS (Рівень 6-7) - Виробництво та промисловість

basic substances used in manufacturing before processing

сировина, первинний матеріал

a production process where a product is put together in a step-by-step manner by different people or machines, each responsible for a specific task

сборочна лінія, конвеєрна лінія

large-scale, standardized manufacturing for efficient production of identical items

масове виробництво, серійне виробництво

a network of entities involved in producing, distributing, and selling a product, from raw material suppliers to end consumers

ланцюг постачання, мережа постачання

storage and management of goods in a warehouse for efficient distribution

складське господарство, зберігання

a name or design that exclusively belongs to a particular company or its products

торгова марка, знак товарного виробу

the time in which a machine, like a computer, is not operational

час простою, час невиконання

industry that produces large products or requires significant machinery and facilities, often involving the extraction, processing, or manufacturing of raw materials

важка промисловість, сектор важкої промисловості

the sector of manufacturing that produces finished products suitable for direct consumer use, typically requiring less capital-intensive equipment and facilities than heavy industry

легка промисловість, сектор легкої промисловості

a specific part or branch of an economy, society, or activity with its own distinct characteristics and functions

сектор, галузь

a production strategy that aims to reduce inventory costs by producing and receiving goods only as they are needed

вчасно, виробництво 'вчасно'

to produce or generate goods, products, or services in a manufacturing or industrial process

виробляти, генерувати

a factory in which a natural substance such as oil or sugar is made pure by removing all other substances from it

переробний завод

a factory or workshop where metal is melted and made into different shapes or objects

литейня

a facility or industrial plant equipped with machinery for cutting, processing, and shaping logs or timber into lumber or wood products

лісопилка, пилорама

relating to products or practices that involve skilled craftsmanship or traditional methods, often resulting in high-quality, handcrafted goods

ремісничий, артисанальний

something that serves as a point of reference by which other things can be measured or judged

еталон, орієнтир

the process of having someone outside of a company provide goods or services for that company

аутсорсинг, виконання сторонніми організаціями

the basic physical structures and systems that support and enable the functioning of a society or organization, such as roads and bridges

інфраструктура, інфраструктури

the process of developing and expanding industries within a region or country, involving the increased production of goods through the use of advanced machinery, technology, and organized labor

індустріалізація, індустріалізація

a production methodology aimed at minimizing waste while maximizing productivity and efficiency

стиснуте виробництво, бережливе виробництво

the use of software and computer-controlled machinery to automate and optimize manufacturing processes

комп'ютеризоване виробництвора, виробництво з комп'ютерною допомогою