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Verbs of Existence and Action - Verbs for Lack of Action

Here you will learn some English verbs referring to lack of action such as "abstain", "hesitate", and "refrain".

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Categorized English Verbs of Existence and Action
to refrain

to resist or hold back from doing or saying something

Ex: Even in the face of frustration , he managed to refrain from expressing his discontent during the meeting .
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to abstain

to avoid doing something, especially something that one enjoys

Ex: In an effort to reduce environmental impact , many individuals choose to abstain from single-use plastics .
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to desist
to desist
[Verb]

to stop doing something, particularly in response to a request, command, or understanding that it should be discontinued

Ex: If you do n't desist from making that noise , I 'll have to ask you to leave .
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to forbear

to hold back from an action or behavior

Ex: Respecting the solemnity of the occasion , they forbore smiles during the memorial service .
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to back off

to no longer be involved in a task or obligation

Ex: Jerry backed off when he realized how much work was involved .
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to hang around

to spend time in a place, often without a specific purpose or activity

Ex: The dog loves to hang around the kitchen while his owner cooks .
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to lie around

to waste time relaxing and doing nothing

Ex: We 're planning to lie around on the beach all day tomorrow .
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to wait
to wait
[Verb]

to not leave until a person or thing is ready or present or something happens

Ex: The students had to wait patiently for the exam results .
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to wait around

to remain in one spot with nothing to do, expecting something to happen

Ex: The passengers waited around the train platform for the delayed arrival .
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to sit around

to spend time doing nothing or nothing productive

Ex: On lazy Sundays , they like to sit around and watch TV .
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to hesitate

to pause before saying or doing something because of uncertainty or nervousness

Ex: In the heated debate , the politician hesitated before addressing the controversial topic .
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to stand by

to refrain from taking action when it is necessary

Ex: It 's disappointing to see leaders stand by when injustices are occurring within their organizations .
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to hold back

to refrain from taking immediate action or speaking out, typically due to uncertainty, reluctance

Ex: It 's natural to hold back when faced with a challenging dilemma .
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to look on

to watch an event or incident without getting involved

Ex: The soldiers looked upon in horror as the battle raged before them.
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to stand around

to spend time standing in a place without doing anything purposeful or without having a particular reason to be there

Ex: Do n't just stand around— help me move these boxes !
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to forgo
to forgo
[Verb]

to decide not to do or have something; to abstain from

Ex: Realizing the importance of time management , Alex decided to forgo watching TV and dedicate more time to studies .
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to hang back

to hesitate to do or say something, often due to uncertainty or shyness

Ex: The opportunity was right in front of her , but she felt unsure , so she hung back.
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to loiter
to loiter
[Verb]

to stand around in a public place without an apparent or clear purpose

Ex: The police officer approached the individuals who seemed to loiter near the subway station .
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