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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 8-9) - Punishment

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s trestem, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
gas chamber
[Podstatné jméno]

a sealed room or chamber where poisonous gas is introduced to execute condemned individuals, typically used as a method of capital punishment

plynová komora, plynová cela

plynová komora, plynová cela

Ex: Witness testimonies shed light on the harrowing experiences of those who were subjected to gas chamber in the past .
to stone
[sloveso]

to execute or punish someone by throwing stones at them

ukamenovat, stonat

ukamenovat, stonat

Ex: The harsh societal norms mandated that anyone found practicing forbidden rituals would stoned as a warning to others .
to mutilate
[sloveso]

to cause severe damage or harm

oslabit, zmrzačit

oslabit, zmrzačit

Ex: The soldiers found mutilated in the deserted village .

to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

uvěznit, zavřít

uvěznit, zavřít

Ex: The judge may choose incarcerate someone convicted of repeated offenses to protect the community .
to forfeit
[sloveso]

to no longer be able to access a right, property, privilege, etc. as a result of violating a law or a punishment for doing something wrong

ztratit, vzít zpět

ztratit, vzít zpět

Ex: Failure to comply with regulations may lead businesses forfeit their operating permits .
to retaliate
[sloveso]

to make a counterattack or respond in a similar manner

odplatit, pomstít

odplatit, pomstít

Ex: The organization decided retaliate hacking attempts by counterattacking the source .
to flog
[sloveso]

to beat someone harshly using a rod or whip

bičovat, přebít

bičovat, přebít

Ex: The strict teacher warned that he flog any student caught cheating .
corporal punishment
[Podstatné jméno]

the physical punishment of people, especially of children or convicts

tělesný trest, fyzický trest

tělesný trest, fyzický trest

Ex: The debate corporal punishment often centers on the balance between parental rights and the well-being of children .
solitary confinement
[Podstatné jméno]

the practice of isolating a prisoner in a small, often windowless cell, with minimal human contact or environmental stimulation, as a form of punishment or for security reasons

izolace, samovazba

izolace, samovazba

Ex: Some prison systems have implemented alternatives solitary confinement, recognizing its potential negative effects on rehabilitation .
guillotine
[Podstatné jméno]

a device for beheading, featuring a tall frame with a suspended blade released to swiftly sever the condemned person's head

popravčí stroj, gilotina

popravčí stroj, gilotina

Ex: guillotine was dismantled and abolished in many countries as a more humane approach to capital punishment was adopted .
retribution
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe punishment for a serious crime that someone has committed

odplata, pomsta

odplata, pomsta

Ex: The concept retribution raises questions about the appropriate balance between punishment and rehabilitation in addressing criminal behavior .
restitution
[Podstatné jméno]

a monetary amount paid to someone as compensation for loss, damage, or injury caused by someone else's wrongdoing, criminal behavior, or negligence

náhrada, odškodnění

náhrada, odškodnění

Ex: After pleading guilty , part of the hacker 's sentence restitution of $ 100,000 to the company they had stolen credit cards from .
warden
[Podstatné jméno]

the official in charge of a prison or correctional facility, responsible for overseeing the administration, security, and well-being of inmates

dozorce, správce věznice

dozorce, správce věznice

Ex: warden played a crucial role in coordinating with law enforcement agencies to address security issues both within and outside the prison .
committal
[Podstatné jméno]

the formal act of sending a person to a mental health facility, prison, or similar institution, often following legal proceedings

předání, umístění

předání, umístění

Ex: The committal proceedings were marked by emotional testimony as family members pleaded for leniency in sentencing.
detention
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of punishment for students who have done something wrong and as a result, they cannot go home at the same time as others

činnostní výchovna, zadržení

činnostní výchovna, zadržení

Ex: Detention is often used as a disciplinary measure to deter students from breaking school rules .
firing squad
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of individuals, typically soldiers or law enforcement officers, designated to carry out a military or legal execution by firing bullets at a condemned person simultaneously

popravčí četa, výkonná smrtící skupina

popravčí četa, výkonná smrtící skupina

Ex: International human rights organizations have condemned the use firing squads, arguing that it constitutes a cruel and inhumane method of execution .
to parole
[sloveso]

to release a prisoner before the completion of their sentence, subject to certain conditions and under the supervision of a parole officer

podmíněně propustit, pustit na svobodu za podmínek

podmíněně propustit, pustit na svobodu za podmínek

Ex: In some cases , the court parole an individual convicted of a nonviolent crime to alleviate prison overcrowding and focus on rehabilitation .
to lynch
[sloveso]

to kill someone without legal approval

lynčovat, oběsit

lynčovat, oběsit

Ex: The community , frustrated with the lack of justice , took matters into their own hands lynch the criminal .
to confiscate
[sloveso]

to officially take away something from someone, usually as punishment

konfiskovat, odebrat

konfiskovat, odebrat

Ex: By the end of the day , the teacher will have confiscated any unauthorized items .
reprieve
[Podstatné jméno]

a temporary postponement or cancellation of a punishment

odklad trestu, prolungování trestu

odklad trestu, prolungování trestu

Ex: The reprieve extended to a terminally ill inmate allowed for compassionate release from prison to spend their final days with family .
executioner
[Podstatné jméno]

‌a person, especially an official, whose role or job is to kill convicted people as a means of punishment

popravčí, vykonavatel trestu

popravčí, vykonavatel trestu

Ex: executioner faced criticism and moral dilemmas regarding the ethical implications of their profession .
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