Akademický IELTS (Pásmo 8 a Výše) - Finance

a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specified time frame

opce, opční smlouva

the official record of financial transactions and accounts for a business, including ledgers, journals, and other accounting documents

účetní kniha, finanční záznam

an act of spending less money during difficult financial times

škrty, úsporná opatření

the rhythmic pattern of economic growth and decline, consisting of phases such as expansion, peak, contraction, and trough

obchodní cyklus, ekonomický cyklus

a service or product that provides a business or company with a stable income

dojné krávy

the amount that was profited or lost in an organization or company after everything was calculated

finální výsledek, konečný účet

a financial officer responsible for managing and overseeing the financial accounts and budgets of an organization

komisař, finanční kontrolor

the acquisition of a company or a controlling interest in a company's shares, often initiated by an outside entity or a group of investors, resulting in a change of ownership and control

výkup, akvizice

the money one owns in a property after paying back any money one borrowed to buy it

vlastní kapitál, kapital

a thing or method that protects one against potential problems, particularly financial ones

hedž, ochranná metoda

a company's gross sales or revenues, before any costs or expenses are deducted

tržby, hrubé příjmy

the movement of money in and out of a business or financial system, indicating its liquidity and financial well-being

peněžní tok, tok hotovosti

a decline in something's price or value

depreciace, pokles hodnoty

an agreement among independent entities, often businesses, to control prices, production, and distribution in a specific industry, reducing competition and increasing market power

kartel, dohoda

the acquisition of a company, leading to a change in ownership and often involving the purchase of a substantial portion of its shares

převzetí, akvizice

a financial market where long-term debt or equity-backed securities are bought and sold

kapitálový trh, finanční trh

the act of buying a company and then selling its assets separately, often at a profit, without regard for the company's long-term viability

odstranění aktiv, rozprodej majetku