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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 8-9) - History

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s historií, která jsou nezbytná pro akademickou zkoušku IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
coronation
coronation
[Podstatné jméno]

the formal ceremony or event during which a monarch or sovereign is officially crowned and invested with regal authority

korunovace

korunovace

Ex: The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II took place on June 2, 1953, at Westminster Abbey in London, England. 
page
page
[Podstatné jméno]

(in medieval times) a young boy serving as an attendant to a knight, beginning training for knighthood

zbrojnoš, panoš

zbrojnoš, panoš

Ex: The young page polished the knight's armor every morning. 
hieroglyphic
hieroglyphic
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of writing using symbols or pictures, originally used by the ancient Egyptians

hieroglyf, hieroglyfické písmo

hieroglyf, hieroglyfické písmo

Ex: Understanding hieroglyphics requires knowledge of both the symbols and the context in which they were written. 
galley
galley
[Podstatné jméno]

a large medieval Mediterranean vessel, typically with a single deck, propelled by sails and oars, armed at bow and stern, and manned by up to 1,000 men, used for war and trade

galéra, veslicová loď

galéra, veslicová loď

Ex: The Greek and Roman navies employed galleys as key vessels in their fleets during ancient times. 
anachronism
anachronism
[Podstatné jméno]

something occurring at a time when it could not have existed or happened

anachronismus, chronologická chyba

anachronismus, chronologická chyba

Ex: The speech referenced events that hadn't yet occurred—an unintentional anachronism. 
belle epoque
belle epoque
[Podstatné jméno]

a period in Western Europe (1871-1914) marked by peace, optimism, and cultural growth

Belle Époque bylo období kulturního rozkvětu a optimismu v Evropě,  charakterizované ekonomickou prosperitou

Belle Époque bylo období kulturního rozkvětu a optimismu v Evropě, charakterizované ekonomickou prosperitou

Ex: The Belle Époque was a period of cultural flourishing and optimism in Europe, characterized by economic prosperity, technological innovation, and artistic innovation. 
neanderthal
neanderthal
[Podstatné jméno]

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

Neandertálec, Neandertálský člověk

Neandertálec, Neandertálský člověk

Ex: Neanderthals coexisted with early modern humans and shared a common ancestor. 
paleontology
paleontology
[Podstatné jméno]

the branch of science that studies fossils

paleontologie

paleontologie

Ex: Paleontology has revealed fascinating details about the prehistoric creatures that roamed the Earth millions of years ago. 
zeitgeist
zeitgeist
[Podstatné jméno]

the defining spirit or mood of a particular period in history, reflecting the ideas and beliefs of the time

duch doby, nálada doby

duch doby, nálada doby

Ex: The 1960s was a decade defined by the zeitgeist of social change and cultural revolution, with movements for civil rights, feminism, and anti-war activism shaping the era. 
genealogy
genealogy
[Podstatné jméno]

the lineage or ancestry of a person, tracing their familial relationships and connections through multiple generations

genealogie

genealogie

Ex: I discovered fascinating details about my ancestors while researching my genealogy. 
to chronicle
to chronicle
[sloveso]

to record a series of historical events in a detailed way by a chronological order

kronikovat, zaznamenávat

kronikovat, zaznamenávat

Ex: The historian chronicles the rise and fall of ancient civilizations in her latest book. 
relic
relic
[Podstatné jméno]

an object or part of an object surviving from the past, typically with historical or emotional value, often linked to a person, event, or era

relikvie, pozůstatek

relikvie, pozůstatek

Ex: The museum displayed a relic from the Bronze Age, drawing historians from all over the country. 
antiquity
antiquity
[Podstatné jméno]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

starověk, antické období

starověk, antické období

Ex: Antiquity refers to the period in history before the Middle Ages, encompassing the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. 
dynasty
dynasty
[Podstatné jméno]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dynastie

dynastie

Ex: The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 to 1644. 
crusade
crusade
[Podstatné jméno]

a medieval military expedition by European Christians to reclaim or defend Christian territories in the Holy Land

křížová výprava

křížová výprava

Ex: The First Crusade aimed to capture Jerusalem from Muslim control in the late 11th century. 
decolonization
decolonization
[Podstatné jméno]

the process by which colonies or territories gain independence from colonial rule

dekolonizace, proces dekolonizace

dekolonizace, proces dekolonizace

Ex: The decolonisation of Africa in the mid-20th century led to the emergence of numerous independent nations. 
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