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Lege și Reglementare - Drept penal și judecată

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Words Related to Law and Regulation
charge
charge
[substantiv]

an accusation against a person who is on trial

acuzație,  inculpare

acuzație, inculpare

Ex: The defendant faced several charges, including theft and assault. 
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to discharge

to free or release someone from legal or official confinement

elibera, achita

elibera, achita

Ex: The judge decided to discharge the defendant due to insufficient evidence, clearing them of all charges. 
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to find
to find
[verb]

(of a law court) to make an official decision

hotărî, decide

hotărî, decide

Ex: Did the court find the defendant guilty or not guilty? 
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to find against

to declare someone guilty or make a decision against someone in a court case

declara vinovat,  lua o decizie împotriva cuiva

declara vinovat, lua o decizie împotriva cuiva

Ex: The court found against the defendant. 
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to find for

to declare someone right or innocent in a court of law case

declara nevinovat, găsi nevinovat

declara nevinovat, găsi nevinovat

Ex: The court found for the plaintiff. 
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finding
finding
[substantiv]

a judgment or decision reached by a court regarding matters of fact or law

hotărâre, decizie

hotărâre, decizie

Ex: The court's finding favored the plaintiff. 
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guilty
guilty
[adjectiv]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

vinovat, responsabil

vinovat, responsabil

Ex: He pleaded guilty to the charges in court. 
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wrongful
wrongful
[adjectiv]

having no legal right or claim

nelegitim, nejustificat

nelegitim, nejustificat

Ex: He made a wrongful claim to the property. 
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innocent
innocent
[adjectiv]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

nevinovat, nevinovată

nevinovat, nevinovată

Ex: The evidence presented in court proved that he was innocent of the crime he was accused of. 
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judge
judge
[substantiv]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

judecător, magistrat

judecător, magistrat

Ex: The judge listened to both sides of the case before making a ruling. 
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judgment
judgment
[substantiv]

the decision of a judge or law court

hotărâre, decizie

hotărâre, decizie

Ex: The judgment was delivered after weeks of deliberation by the court. 
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judicial
judicial
[adjectiv]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

judiciar

judiciar

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges. 
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jurisdiction
jurisdiction
[substantiv]

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

jurisdicție, competență

jurisdicție, competență

Ex: The court ruled that the case fell under federal jurisdiction due to its interstate nature. 
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justiciary
justiciary
[substantiv]

the process of administering justice or carrying out legal judgments

administrarea justiției, aparatura judiciară

administrarea justiției, aparatura judiciară

Ex: The justiciary must be fair and impartial. 
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majority verdict
majority verdict
[substantiv]

(law) a decision supported or made by a jury that most of the people, but not all agree with

verdict majoritar, decizie majoritară

verdict majoritar, decizie majoritară

Ex: The jury reached a majority verdict after hours of deliberation. 
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to pardon
to pardon
[verb]

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

grația, ierta

grația, ierta

Ex: The governor decided to pardon the prisoner after reviewing his case. 
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to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

urmări penal, acuzare

urmări penal, acuzare

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim’s family. 
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prosecution
prosecution
[substantiv]

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

urmărire penală, acuzare

urmărire penală, acuzare

Ex: The lengthy prosecution involved several months of court hearings. 
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to rule
to rule
[verb]

to officially declare or state something as true, especially in a legal or authoritative manner

decide, hotărî

decide, hotărî

Ex: The judge ruled that the defendant was guilty of all charges. 
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ruling
ruling
[substantiv]

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

decizie, hotărâre

decizie, hotărâre

Ex: The Supreme Court's ruling on the case set a precedent for future privacy rights. 
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to try
to try
[verb]

to put a person on trial or investigate a case in a trial

judeca, tramitează în judecată

judeca, tramitează în judecată

Ex: He was tried for theft and sentenced to two years in prison. 
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verdict
verdict
[substantiv]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

verdicte, hotărâre

verdicte, hotărâre

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours. 
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bail
bail
[substantiv]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

cauțiune, eliberare sub cauțiune

cauțiune, eliberare sub cauțiune

Ex: The judge set bail at $10,000 for the defendant's release from jail before the trial. 
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to bail out

to pay money to the court to release someone from custody until their trial

plăti cauțiunea, elibera pe bază de cauțiune

plăti cauțiunea, elibera pe bază de cauțiune

Ex: We're trying to find ways to bail out the community leader arrested during the demonstration. 
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cross-examination
cross-examination
[substantiv]

the questioning of a witness by the opposing lawyer in court

interogatoriu încrucișat, contrainterogatoriu

interogatoriu încrucișat, contrainterogatoriu

Ex: The lawyer began the cross-examination. 
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to cross examine

to question a witness in court by the opposing lawyer to test their testimony

contrainteroga, interoga de către partea adversă

contrainteroga, interoga de către partea adversă

Ex: The lawyer will cross-examine the witness tomorrow. 
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to defend
to defend
[verb]

to represent a person who is on trial

apăra,  reprezenta

apăra, reprezenta

Ex: The attorney was hired to defend the accused in the high-profile case. 
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defense
defense
[substantiv]

the person on trial and their legal team representing them in court

apărarea, partea apărătoare

apărarea, partea apărătoare

Ex: The defense argued that the evidence was insufficient. 
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to convict

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

condamna, declara vinovat

condamna, declara vinovat

Ex: The jury deliberated and decided to convict the defendant of murder. 
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conviction
conviction
[substantiv]

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

condamnare, declarație de vinovăție

condamnare, declarație de vinovăție

Ex: The defendant's conviction was based on solid evidence presented during the trial. 
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parole
parole
[substantiv]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

eliberare condiționată

eliberare condiționată

Ex: After serving half of his sentence in prison, the inmate was eligible for parole, subject to certain conditions and supervision. 
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legal action
legal action
[substantiv]

a process in court where one person or group sues or takes a case against another

acțiune în justiție, proces legal

acțiune în justiție, proces legal

Ex: The company took legal action against the contractor. 
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to deport
to deport
[verb]

to force a foreigner to leave a country, usually because they have broken the law

deporta, expulza

deporta, expulza

Ex: The immigration officers deport undocumented immigrants who are found living in the country illegally. 
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to uphold
to uphold
[verb]

(particularly of a law court) to state that a previous decision is correct

confirma, menține

confirma, menține

Ex: The Supreme Court decided to uphold the lower court's ruling, affirming the original verdict. 
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