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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic - Test 4 - Listening - Part 4

Learn vocabulary from Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic, Test 4 Listening Part 4, and review useful words and expressions from this section of the practice test.

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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
convenience

a device or control that is very useful for a particular job

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before long
before long
[Adverb]

in a short amount of time

Ex: We'll finish the project before long; just a few more tasks to complete. 
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necessity
necessity
[noun]

a thing that is essential or required for basic living or functioning

Ex: Oxygen is a necessity for human life. 
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unimaginable
unimaginable
[Adjective]

extremely difficult or impossible to conceive or visualize

Ex: The scale of the universe is so vast that its enormity is unimaginable to the human mind. 
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session
session
[noun]

a scheduled period of teaching, instruction, or learning activities conducted within a defined timeframe

Ex: The morning session consisted of three classes, including mathematics, science, and English. 
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particularly
particularly
[Adverb]

to a degree that is higher than usual

Ex: The restaurant is particularly busy on Friday nights. 
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to look at

to consider or evaluate something from a particular perspective or point of view

Ex: I need to look at the situation from your point of view to fully understand your perspective. 
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ordinary
ordinary
[Adjective]

not unusual or different in any way

Ex: His weekend routine was ordinary, consisting of household chores and relaxing at home. 
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to see
to see
[Verb]

to be the setting or time of an event

Ex: The beach has seen many romantic proposals over the years. 
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phenomenon

an observable fact, event, or situation, often unusual or not yet fully explained

Ex: Northern lights are a spectacular natural phenomenon. 
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consumerism

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

Ex: The holiday season is often associated with consumerism, as people are encouraged to buy gifts for friends and family. 
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goods
goods
[noun]

items made or produced for sale

Ex: The store offers a wide range of goods, from fresh produce to handmade crafts. 
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quantity
quantity
[noun]

the amount of something or the whole number of things in a group

Ex: She bought a large quantity of apples for the upcoming event. 
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quality
quality
[noun]

the grade, level, or standard of something's excellence measured against other things

Ex: The quality of the product exceeded their expectations, making it a top choice among consumers. 
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possession

(usually plural) anything that a person has or owns at a specific time

Ex: As he packed his possessions into boxes, memories flooded back from years spent in the old house. 
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indication

something that serves to show, suggest, or point to a fact, condition, or situation

Ex: The dark clouds are an indication of approaching rain. 
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improvement

the action or process of making something better

Ex: The city has seen significant improvement in air quality over the past year. 
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to trigger

to cause something to happen

Ex: The economic downturn triggered a series of layoffs within the company. 
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to transform

to change the appearance, character, or nature of a person or object

Ex: The renovation project aims to transform the old building into a modern and functional space. 
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manufacturing

the process of making or producing goods, especially in large quantities, typically using machinery or labor

Ex: The manufacturing of electronics has become more automated in recent years. 
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steam engine

a machine that uses steam made from boiling water to produce power and make parts move

Ex: The old train was powered by a steam engine. 
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at all
at all
[Adverb]

to the smallest amount or degree

Ex: Do you feel sick at all? 
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to mark
to mark
[Verb]

to serve as a distinguishing quality or characteristic of someone or something

Ex: The humility that marks her interactions with others sets her apart from her peers. 
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water mill

a mill powered by a water wheel

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windmill
windmill
[noun]

a large, tall building with long blades, called sails, that uses wind power to make flour out of grain or pump water

Ex: The old windmill was restored as a historical site. 
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to dominate

to be more numerous, powerful, or significant than everything else around it

Ex: Women dominated the conference, with more female speakers than male. 
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textile
textile
[noun]

any type of knitted, felted or woven cloth

Ex: The factory produces high-quality textiles for clothing. 
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fabric
fabric
[noun]

cloth that is made by weaving cotton yarn, silk, etc., which is used in making clothes

Ex: The dress was made from a luxurious silk fabric that shimmered in the light. 
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lace
lace
[noun]

a delicate cotton or silky cloth made by weaving or knitting threads in an open web-like pattern

Ex: She adorned her wedding gown with beautiful lace, giving it a timeless and elegant look. 
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ribbon
ribbon
[noun]

a thin band of fabric tied in a bowknot around something as an ornament

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workshop
workshop
[noun]

a building or room in which particular goods are made or fixed by different means

Ex: The carpentry workshop is equipped with saws, drills, and sanders for making wooden furniture. 
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enormous
enormous
[Adjective]

extremely large in physical dimensions

Ex: The enormous elephant towered over the other animals at the zoo. 
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scale
scale
[noun]

the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

Ex: The scale of the earthquake was so immense that it caused widespread damage across the region. 
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to force
to force
[Verb]

to make someone behave a certain way or do a particular action, even if they do not want to

Ex: The authoritarian government often forces citizens to conform to its ideologies. 
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to migrate

to move from a country or region in search of a better job or living conditions

Ex: Due to limited employment opportunities in their hometown, many young adults migrate to urban areas in search of better career prospects. 
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transport
transport
[noun]

a system or method for carrying people or goods from a place to another by trains, cars, etc.

Ex: The city's transport system includes buses, trams, and a metro network. 
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growth
growth
[noun]

an increase in the amount, degree, importance, or size of something

Ex: The growth of the economy has been impressive this year. 
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horse-drawn
horse-drawn
[Adjective]

pulled or powered by a horse or horses

Ex: The tourists enjoyed a horse-drawn carriage ride through the historic district. 
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stagecoach

a large, horse-drawn carriage used to carry passengers over long distances, often between towns

Ex: The stagecoach rumbled into town after a long journey. 
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cart
cart
[noun]

a simple, two-wheeled vehicle typically drawn by a horse or other animal, used for transporting goods and people

Ex: The farmer loaded the cart with fresh produce for the market. 
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numerous
numerous
[Adjective]

indicating a large number of something

Ex: The library has numerous books on various subjects. 
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canal
canal
[noun]

a long and artificial passage built and filled with water for ships to travel along or used to transfer water to other places

Ex: The ship sailed through the canal, heading toward the harbor. 
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to surface

to apply asphalt, concrete, gravel, or another material to the top of a road, path, or other ground area

Ex: The workers surfaced the road with asphalt to make it smoother for traffic. 
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gradually
gradually
[Adverb]

in small amounts over a long period of time

Ex: As the project advanced, the team's understanding of the requirements deepened gradually. 
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out of use
out of use
[phrase]

no longer done, followed, or needed by people, often because something is old, broken, or replaced by something better

Ex: Gas lamps are mostly out of use in modern cities. 
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railway
railway
[noun]

a track with rails along which trains run

Ex: The train sped along the railway toward the next station. 
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significantly

to a noticeable or considerable extent

Ex: The company's revenue has grown significantly since last quarter. 
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knowledgeable
knowledgeable
[Adjective]

having a lot of information or expertise in a particular subject or field

Ex: The librarian was knowledgeable about a wide range of literary genres and authors. 
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distribution

the process of supplying shops and other businesses with products to be sold

Ex: The company improved its distribution network to ensure products reach stores faster. 
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efficient
efficient
[Adjective]

(of a system or machine) achieving maximum productivity without wasting much time, effort, or money

Ex: The efficient assembly line increased productivity while reducing production costs. 
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retailing
retailing
[noun]

the activities involved in selling commodities directly to consumers

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to suffer
to suffer
[Verb]

to experience and be affected by something bad or unpleasant

Ex: They suffered the consequences of their actions. 
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to flock
to flock
[Verb]

to gather in a group

Ex: The tourists began to flock around the famous monument for photos. 
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department store

a large store, divided into several parts, each selling different types of goods

Ex: She spent the afternoon shopping at the department store, exploring the clothing and home goods sections. 
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entrepreneur

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

Ex: As an entrepreneur, she started her own tech company with just a small investment. 
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to stock
to stock
[Verb]

to provide with a supply of something, such as goods or inventory, for use or sale

Ex: Grocery stores need to stock their shelves regularly to meet customer demands. 
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to attract

to interest and draw someone or something toward oneself through specific features or qualities

Ex: The vibrant colors of the flowers attracted butterflies to the garden. 
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lighting
lighting
[noun]

the use of various equipment and techniques to illuminate the subjects and environment in a way that enhances the mood, atmosphere, and visual style of the photo or film

Ex: The director adjusted the lighting to create a dramatic effect. 
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visibility

the ability of providing a clear, unobstructed view

Ex: The binoculars enhanced visibility across the valley. 
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plate glass

a thick high quality sheet of glass used for windows of shops or doors

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to promote

to encourage the public to buy a product or use a service

Ex: The company promoted its new smartphone with a major ad campaign. 
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explosion
explosion
[noun]

a rapid, unexpected, and considerable rise in something

Ex: The tech industry saw an explosion of innovation in the past decade. 
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cutlery
cutlery
[noun]

the objects such as spoons, forks, and knives that are used for serving or eating food

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