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Essential Vocabulary for the GRE - Every Action Has a Reaction

Here you will learn some English words about cause and effect, such as "augmentation", "causality", "effectual", etc. that are needed for the GRE exam.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
aftereffect

an effect that results from an action or event

Ex: The aftereffect of the earthquake was widespread power outages across the city. 
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aftermath
aftermath
[noun]

the situation that follows a very unpleasant event such as a war, natural disaster, accident, etc.

Ex: The aftermath of the earthquake left the city in ruins and thousands of people homeless. 
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augmentation

the act or process of adding the amount, value, or size of something

Ex: The recent augmentation of staff has significantly improved the efficiency of the department. 
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to bring about

to be the reason for a specific incident or result

Ex: The negotiations brought about a resolution to the conflict. 
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by-product

something that happens incidentally and unexpectedly as a result of something else

Ex: The fermentation process yields alcohol as a by-product. 
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causation
causation
[noun]

the action or process of causing a particular thing

Ex: The study focused on the causation of climate change by human activities. 
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causality
causality
[noun]

the relationship between a cause and its effect

Ex: Researchers explored the causality between smoking and lung cancer. 
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to [come] into effect

to start being used or having an impact

Ex: The new policy will come into effect next month. 
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consequent
consequent
[Adjective]

occurring as a result of something particular

Ex: The heavy rainfall and consequent flooding caused severe damage to the town. 
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contributory
contributory
[Adjective]

playing a part in causing something

Ex: The team's late start was a contributory factor to their loss in the game. 
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cumulative
cumulative
[Adjective]

increasing gradually as more and more is added

Ex: The cumulative effect of daily exercise is improved physical fitness. 
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to deteriorate

to decline in quality, condition, or overall state

Ex: If left untreated, metal exposed to harsh weather can deteriorate over time. 
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effectual
effectual
[Adjective]

having the power to achieve a desired outcome or make a strong impression

Ex: The new marketing strategy proved to be effectual in increasing sales. 
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ensuing
ensuing
[Adjective]

following something or resulting from it

Ex: The meeting was delayed due to the ensuing traffic jam. 
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to eventuate

to take place as an outcome

Ex: After months of negotiations, a settlement finally eventuated. 
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herein
herein
[Adverb]

in this document, situation, place, etc.

Ex: The terms and conditions herein outline the agreement between the parties. 
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to imply
to imply
[Verb]

to suggest that one thing is the logical consequence of the other

Ex: The dark clouds imply that it might rain later today. 
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to induce
to induce
[Verb]

to trigger a particular event, condition, or response

Ex: The medication can induce drowsiness in patients. 
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to instigate

to cause something to begin or occur

Ex: The new policy instigated changes in the company's workflow. 
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to proliferate

to cause something to increase rapidly in number or size

Ex: The new technology helped to proliferate digital media content across the globe. 
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repercussion

an unintended effect of something, usually a negative and long lasting one

Ex: The policy change had unexpected repercussions on local businesses. 
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to stem from

to originate from a particular source or factor

Ex: The economic downturn stems from global market fluctuations. 
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whereby
whereby
[Adverb]

used for indicating that something is done in accordance with the mentioned rule, approach, method, etc.

Ex: The company set up a procedure whereby, employees receive feedback regularly. 
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to avert
to avert
[Verb]

to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening

Ex: The timely intervention of the lifeguard averted a potential drowning at the pool. 
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to trigger

to cause something to happen

Ex: The economic downturn triggered a series of layoffs within the company. 
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acutely
acutely
[Adverb]

with a sharp or steep angle

Ex: The mountain peak rose acutely against the sky. 
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to beware
to beware
[Verb]

to warn someone to be cautious of a dangerous person or thing

Ex: Beware of the icy conditions on the roads; drive carefully. 
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critical
critical
[Adjective]

(of a problem or situation) very serious and possibly harmful that demands urgent attention or action

Ex: The patient's condition was critical, and doctors worked quickly to stabilize him. 
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daredevil
daredevil
[noun]

someone who is reckless and likes putting themselves in danger

Ex: The daredevil performed breathtaking stunts on a motorcycle at the show. 
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escapade
escapade
[noun]

a thrilling yet potentially dangerous adventure, particularly one that people think is idiotic to embark on

Ex: The hikers' escapade in the uncharted jungle tested their survival skills. 
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to spawn
to spawn
[Verb]

to cause something to be created, particularly in large numbers

Ex: The new policy is expected to spawn numerous job opportunities in the tech sector. 
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hazardous
hazardous
[Adjective]

presenting danger or threat, particularly to people's health or safety

Ex: The hazardous chemicals should be handled with care to avoid accidents. 
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parlous
parlous
[Adjective]

(of a condition) dangerous, terrible, or uncertain

Ex: They were in a parlous condition after the severe storm damaged their home. 
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precautionary
precautionary
[Adjective]

taken in advance in order to avoid something dangerous or unpleasant from happening

Ex: They took precautionary measures by installing security cameras around the property. 
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quicksand
quicksand
[noun]

a hazardous or difficult situation that is very hard to get out of

Ex: The political scandal became quicksand, entangling everyone involved. 
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to underlie

to serve as the foundation or primary cause for something

Ex: Cultural traditions underlie many of the festivals and celebrations we see around the world. 
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