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Věda ACT - Astronomie a Letecká a Kosmická Věda

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s astronomií a leteckou a kosmickou vědou, jako jsou "rover", "sonda", "erupce" atd., která vám pomohou uspět u vašich ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
astronomer
astronomer
[Podstatné jméno]

a scientist who studies or observes planets, stars, and other happenings in the universe

astronom

astronom

Ex: The astronomer discovered a new exoplanet using advanced telescope technology. 
astrophysicist
astrophysicist
[Podstatné jméno]

a scientist who studies the physical properties and phenomena of celestial objects and the universe as a whole

astrofyzik

astrofyzik

Ex: The astrophysicist analyzed data from the telescope to understand the formation of galaxies. 
planetarium
planetarium
[Podstatné jméno]

a building with a dome in which moving images of planets, starts, and constellations are projected for educational or entertainment purposes

planetárium, astronomický sál

planetárium, astronomický sál

Ex: The school field trip included a visit to the planetarium to learn about the solar system. 
observatory
observatory
[Podstatné jméno]

a building where scientists observe stars, meteors, the weather, etc. using equipment such as telescope

observatoř

observatoř

asteroid
asteroid
[Podstatné jméno]

any of the rocky bodies orbiting the sun, ranging greatly in diameter, also found in large numbers between Jupiter and Mars

asteroid, kamenné nebeské těleso

asteroid, kamenné nebeské těleso

Ex: Scientists study asteroids to learn about the early solar system and potential threats to Earth. 
meteorite
meteorite
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

meteorit, aerolit

meteorit, aerolit

Ex: Scientists analyzed the composition of the meteorite that fell in the desert last month. 
to orbit
to orbit
[sloveso]

to move around a star, planet, or a large object in space

obíhat, kroužit kolem

obíhat, kroužit kolem

Ex: The moon orbits around the Earth once every 27.3 days. 
supernova
supernova
[Podstatné jméno]

an exploding star that as a result is emitting a very large amount of light, more than the sun

supernova

supernova

Ex: A supernova is a powerful explosion that occurs at the end of a massive star's life cycle. 
constellation
constellation
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

souhvězdí, skupina hvězd

souhvězdí, skupina hvězd

Ex: Orion is a well-known constellation visible in the winter sky. 
comet
comet
[Podstatné jméno]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

kometa

kometa

Ex: Halley's Comet is one of the most famous comets, visible from Earth approximately every 76 years. 
white dwarf
white dwarf
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, dense, and faint stellar remnant that is left after a medium-sized star exhausts the nuclear fuel in its core and undergoes gravitational collapse

bílý trpaslík, hvězda bílý trpaslík

bílý trpaslík, hvězda bílý trpaslík

Ex: A white dwarf is the final stage in the life cycle of a sun-like star after it has exhausted its nuclear fuel. 
exoplanet
exoplanet
[Podstatné jméno]

a planet that is outside the solar system

exoplaneta, mimozemská planeta

exoplaneta, mimozemská planeta

Ex: Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets orbiting stars beyond our solar system. 
asteroid belt
asteroid belt
[Podstatné jméno]

a region in the solar system located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, populated by numerous small celestial bodies called asteroids

pás asteroidů, prstenec asteroidů

pás asteroidů, prstenec asteroidů

Ex: The asteroid belt contains millions of asteroids ranging in size from small rocky fragments to larger bodies several hundred kilometers across. 
ablation
ablation
[Podstatné jméno]

the process by which the surface of an object, such as a comet or an asteroid, erodes or vaporizes due to the effects of solar radiation and other environmental factors

ablace, eroze ablace

ablace, eroze ablace

corona
corona
[Podstatné jméno]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

koróna, vnější atmosféra Slunce

koróna, vnější atmosféra Slunce

Ex: During a total solar eclipse, the corona of the Sun becomes visible as a radiant halo around the moon. 
flare
flare
[Podstatné jméno]

a sudden, brief burst of increased brightness observed from the sun's surface, usually accompanied by a burst of energy and radiation

erupce, záblesk

erupce, záblesk

Ex: The solar flare emitted a powerful burst of radiation. 
planetary
planetary
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or characteristic of planets or the solar system

planetární, vztahující se k planetám

planetární, vztahující se k planetám

Ex: Planetary orbits describe the paths that planets follow around the sun. 
crater
crater
[Podstatné jméno]

the round top of a volcano

kráter

kráter

Ex: The scientist studied the formation of the crater after the volcanic eruption. 
solar mass
solar mass
[Podstatné jméno]

a unit of mass used in astronomy, defined as the mass of the Sun

sluneční hmotnost, jednotka sluneční hmotnosti

sluneční hmotnost, jednotka sluneční hmotnosti

extraterrestrial
extraterrestrial
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to or originating from outside the Earth or its atmosphere

mimozemský, pocházející z vesmíru

mimozemský, pocházející z vesmíru

Ex: Extraterrestrial life refers to organisms that exist beyond Earth. 
photosphere
photosphere
[Podstatné jméno]

the visible surface of a star, including the Sun, where energy is emitted as light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation

fotosféra, viditelný povrch hvězdy

fotosféra, viditelný povrch hvězdy

Ex: The photosphere of the Sun appears as a bright, glowing disk when observed with proper solar filters. 
to eclipse
to eclipse
[sloveso]

to overshadow another astrological body

zatmít, zastínit

zatmít, zastínit

Ex: As the planet moved into the line of sight, it began to eclipse the star, diminishing its brightness. 
interstellar
interstellar
[Přídavné jméno]

situated or occurring between stars or within the space that exists between stars

mezihvězdný, mezi hvězdami

mezihvězdný, mezi hvězdami

Ex: Interstellar travel involves journeying between star systems within the Milky Way galaxy or beyond. 
Nebula
Nebula
[Podstatné jméno]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

mlhovina, mrak plynu a prachu

mlhovina, mrak plynu a prachu

Ex: The Orion Nebula is a famous example of a stellar nursery. 
aurora
aurora
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural light display in the Earth's polar regions, caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere

aurora, polární záře

aurora, polární záře

Ex: The breathtaking aurora danced across the night sky, painting it with vibrant hues of green and purple. 
dwarf planet
dwarf planet
[Podstatné jméno]

a celestial body that orbits the Sun and has sufficient mass for its gravity to pull it into a nearly spherical shape

trpasličí planeta, trpasličí nebeské těleso

trpasličí planeta, trpasličí nebeské těleso

celestial
celestial
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or occurring in the sky or outer space

nebeský, astrální

nebeský, astrální

Ex: Celestial navigation uses the positions of stars to determine the direction and location of a vessel. 
probe
probe
[Podstatné jméno]

an unmanned spacecraft or device sent to gather information from space and transmit it back

sonda, kosmická sonda

sonda, kosmická sonda

Ex: The space agency launched a probe to study Mars. 
spacecraft
spacecraft
[Podstatné jméno]

a vehicle designed to travel in space

kosmická loď, vesmírné plavidlo

kosmická loď, vesmírné plavidlo

Ex: The spacecraft was launched to explore Mars and collect data about the planet's surface and atmosphere. 
to launch
to launch
[sloveso]

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

vypustit, odpálit

vypustit, odpálit

Ex: The military launched a missile as part of a test exercise. 
launch pad
launch pad
[Podstatné jméno]

a designated area at a spaceport or rocket launch site where rockets or spacecraft are positioned and prepared for liftoff

startovací rampa, odpalovací plocha

startovací rampa, odpalovací plocha

Ex: The astronauts boarded the spacecraft on the launch pad before their mission to the International Space Station. 
rover
rover
[Podstatné jméno]

a robotic vehicle designed to move across the surface of a celestial body to conduct scientific experiments and gather data

rover, průzkumné vozidlo

rover, průzkumné vozidlo

revolution
revolution
[Podstatné jméno]

the orbital movement of a planet, moon, or satellite around another body

oběh, otáčka

oběh, otáčka

Ex: Earth's revolution around the sun takes approximately 365.25 days. 
aeronautics
aeronautics
[Podstatné jméno]

the science and practice of designing, building, and operating aircraft, including airplanes and spacecraft

letecká technika, letecká věda

letecká technika, letecká věda

Ex: Aeronautics engineers work to improve fuel efficiency in aircraft engines. 
annular eclipse
annular eclipse
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of solar eclipse where the moon, passing between the earth and the sun, appears smaller than the sun, creating a ring of sunlight around the darkened moon

prstencové zatmění Slunce, annulární zatmění Slunce

prstencové zatmění Slunce, annulární zatmění Slunce

Ex: During an annular eclipse, observers in the path of the eclipse see a ring of sunlight encircling the Moon, creating a spectacular "ring of fire" effect. 
armillary sphere
armillary sphere
[Podstatné jméno]

a model of the celestial sphere, historically used to depict and study the positions of celestial objects, consisting of a series of hoops representing important circles in the sky

armilární sféra, armila

armilární sféra, armila

Ex: The armillary sphere was used by astronomers in ancient Greece to demonstrate the motions of stars and planets. 
tektite
tektite
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, natural glassy object formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts, known for its smooth texture and found in strewn fields across the Earth's surface

tektit, meteorické sklo

tektit, meteorické sklo

Ex: Collectors often seek out tektites for their unique origin and striking appearance. 
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