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Vocabulario Esencial para el GRE - ¡Que te Mejores Pronto!

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre enfermedad, como "biopsy", "dress", "ointment", etc. que se necesitan para el examen GRE.

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Empezar a aprender
Essential Words Needed for the GRE
to tranquilize

to make a person or animal calm or unconscious using drugs, like sedatives

tranquilizar

tranquilizar

Ex: They had to tranquillize the horse after it became too restless during the vet check-up. 

Tuvieron que tranquilizar al caballo después de que se volviera demasiado inquieto durante el chequeo veterinario.

anesthesia
anesthesia
[Sustantivo]

the condition of losing one's sensation or awareness during surgery and other procedures, particularly by use of special drugs

anestesia

anestesia

Ex: The anesthesiologist monitored the patient's vital signs throughout the anesthesia. 

El anestesiólogo monitoreó los signos vitales del paciente durante toda la anestesia.

biopsy
biopsy
[Sustantivo]

the process of removing and analyzing tissue from the body of a sick person to learn more about their condition

biopsia

biopsia

Ex: The results of the skin biopsy revealed abnormal cells, prompting further tests to diagnose melanoma. 

Los resultados de la biopsia de piel revelaron células anormales, lo que llevó a realizar más pruebas para diagnosticar melanoma.

catheter
catheter
[Sustantivo]

a flexible tube inserted into one's bladder, to drain and collect urine

catéter

catéter

Ex: The catheter was left in place to monitor the patient's urine output following surgery. 

El catéter se dejó en su lugar para monitorear la producción de orina del paciente después de la cirugía.

chiropractor
chiropractor
[Sustantivo]

someone who treats diseases or physical problems by pressing or manipulating joints in the body

quiropráctico

quiropráctico

Ex: The chiropractor uses manual techniques such as spinal manipulation and mobilization to realign the spine and alleviate pain. 

El quiropráctico utiliza técnicas manuales como la manipulación espinal y la movilización para realinear la columna vertebral y aliviar el dolor.

diagnosis
diagnosis
[Sustantivo]

the identification of the nature and cause of an illness or other problem

diagnóstico, diagnosis

diagnóstico, diagnosis

Ex: Her diagnosis revealed a rare autoimmune disorder. 

Su diagnóstico reveló un trastorno autoinmune raro.

to discharge

to allow a patient to leave the hospital because they have recovered and no longer need to receive inpatient care

dar de alta

dar de alta

Ex: After a week of observation, the doctor deemed the patient well enough to be discharged from the hospital. 

Después de una semana de observación, el médico consideró que el paciente estaba lo suficientemente bien como para ser dado de alta del hospital.

to dress
to dress
[Verbo]

to clean the wound properly and apply bandages in order to promote healing and to protect it from further harm

vendar

vendar

Ex: It's essential to dress the wound promptly after cleaning it to minimize the risk of bacterial contamination. 

Es esencial vendar la herida rápidamente después de limpiarla para minimizar el riesgo de contaminación bacteriana.

geriatric
geriatric
[Adjetivo]

pertaining to the medical care or study of the elderly

geriátrico

geriátrico

Ex: Geriatric assessments revealed early-stage cognitive decline in several patients. 

Las evaluaciones geriátricas revelaron un deterioro cognitivo en etapa temprana en varios pacientes.

to immunize

to protect an animal or a person from a disease by vaccination

inmunizar

inmunizar

Ex: The government launched a campaign to immunize the population against a recent outbreak of a contagious illness. 

El gobierno lanzó una campaña para inmunizar a la población contra un reciente brote de una enfermedad contagiosa.

intravenous
intravenous
[Adjetivo]

administered into or taking place in a vein

intravenoso, endovenoso

intravenoso, endovenoso

Ex: The nurse prepared an intravenous solution for the patient’s treatment. 

La enfermera preparó una solución intravenosa para el tratamiento del paciente.

ointment
ointment
[Sustantivo]

a substance, usually smooth and oily, rubbed on the skin for medical purposes

ungüento, pomada

ungüento, pomada

Ex: The athlete applied a muscle-relaxing ointment to alleviate soreness after the intense workout. 

El atleta aplicó una pomada relajante muscular para aliviar el dolor después del entrenamiento intenso.

outpatient
outpatient
[Sustantivo]

a patient who receives treatment in a hospital but does not remain there afterward

paciente externo

paciente externo

Ex: Outpatients typically have appointments scheduled in advance to receive specialized medical care, such as chemotherapy or physical therapy. 

Los pacientes ambulatorios suelen tener citas programadas con anticipación para recibir atención médica especializada, como quimioterapia o fisioterapia.

over-the-counter

(of drugs and medicines) available for purchase without a physician's prescription

sin receta

sin receta

Ex: She found the over-the-counter sleep aid to be a convenient solution. 

Ella encontró que el auxiliar para dormir de venta libre era una solución conveniente.

pharmaceutical
pharmaceutical
[Adjetivo]

related to the production, use, or sale of medicines

farmacéutico

farmacéutico

Ex: Pharmaceutical advertisements often highlight the benefits and potential side effects. 

Los anuncios farmacéuticos a menudo destacan los beneficios y los posibles efectos secundarios.

restorative
restorative
[Adjetivo]

able to promote or restore one's health or strength

reconstituyente

reconstituyente

Ex: Staying indoors for a few days had purely restorative benefits in recovering from illness by reversing deficiencies to baseline health. 

Permanecer en interiores durante unos días tuvo beneficios puramente restauradores para recuperarse de una enfermedad al revertir las deficiencias a un estado de salud básico.

recuperation
recuperation
[Sustantivo]

the gradual recovery through rest after sickness or injury

recuperación

recuperación

Ex: Her recuperation was slower than expected, but regular physical therapy sessions helped speed up her recovery. 

Su recuperación fue más lenta de lo esperado, pero las sesiones regulares de terapia física ayudaron a acelerar su recuperación.

sanitarium
sanitarium
[Sustantivo]

an establishment or facility that treats people who have a chronic illness

sanatorio

sanatorio

Ex: After her diagnosis, she spent several months at a sanitarium focusing on rehabilitation. 

Después de su diagnóstico, pasó varios meses en un sanatorio centrándose en la rehabilitación.

to stitch
to stitch
[Verbo]

to join the edges of a wound together by a thread and needle

suturar

suturar

Ex: She carefully stitched the gash on her forehead to minimize scarring. 

Ella cosió cuidadosamente el corte en su frente para minimizar las cicatrices.

to swab
to swab
[Verbo]

to clean, apply medication to, or remove liquid from a wound using a swab

limpiar con un algodón

limpiar con un algodón

Ex: The medical team swabbed the patient's throat for a rapid strep test. 

El equipo médico hisopó la garganta del paciente para una prueba rápida de estreptococo.

tourniquet
tourniquet
[Sustantivo]

a device, such as a bandage, piece of fabric, etc. that arrests bleeding by applying pressure to the wound

torniquete

torniquete

Ex: The first aid kit included a tourniquet for treating serious injuries. 

El botiquín de primeros auxilios incluía un torniquete para tratar lesiones graves.

hypodermic
hypodermic
[Sustantivo]

a piston syringe with a long thin needle for injecting substances under the skin

aguja hipodérmica

aguja hipodérmica

Ex: The doctor prepared the hypodermic for the insulin injection. 

El médico preparó la hipodérmica para la inyección de insulina.

psychosis
psychosis
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psicosis

psicosis

Ex: Treatment for psychosis typically involves a combination of antipsychotic medications and psychotherapy to help manage symptoms and improve functioning. 

El tratamiento de la psicosis generalmente implica una combinación de medicamentos antipsicóticos y psicoterapia para ayudar a controlar los síntomas y mejorar el funcionamiento.

psychotic
psychotic
[Adjetivo]

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

psicótico

psicótico

Ex: Psychotic disorders can severely impair one's ability to function in daily life. 

Los trastornos psicóticos pueden afectar gravemente la capacidad de una persona para funcionar en la vida diaria.

neurosis
neurosis
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neurosis

neurosis

Ex: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common treatment for neurosis, helping individuals reframe negative thought patterns and reduce anxiety. 

La terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) es un tratamiento común para la neurosis, que ayuda a las personas a reformular patrones de pensamiento negativos y reducir la ansiedad.

acupressure
acupressure
[Sustantivo]

an alternative therapy in which pressure is put on specific parts of the body with hands and fingers

acupresión

acupresión

Ex: Acupressure is often used to reduce stress and promote relaxation. 

La acupresión se utiliza a menudo para reducir el estrés y promover la relajación.

acupuncture
acupuncture
[Sustantivo]

a method of treatment in which thin needles are inserted in specific spots on the body, originated in China

acupuntura

acupuntura

Ex: The doctor recommended acupuncture as an alternative to medication. 

El médico recomendó la acupuntura como alternativa a la medicación.

to amputate

to surgically remove a body part, such as a limb or organ, often due to injury, disease, or medical necessity

amputar

amputar

Ex: In some cases of cancer, surgeons may recommend amputating a portion of the affected limb to stop the disease's progression. 

En algunos casos de cáncer, los cirujanos pueden recomendar amputar una parte de la extremidad afectada para detener el avance de la enfermedad.

maladjusted
maladjusted
[Adjetivo]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

inadaptado

inadaptado

Ex: The team noticed his maladjusted responses to criticism during meetings. 

El equipo notó sus respuestas desadaptadas a las críticas durante las reuniones.

mindfulness
mindfulness
[Sustantivo]

a mental state achieved by maintaining a moment-by-moment awareness of one's thoughts, feelings, etc., used as a therapeutic technique

conciencia plena, atención plena

conciencia plena, atención plena

Ex: Mindfulness exercises can be effective in reducing symptoms of depression. 

Los ejercicios de atención plena pueden ser efectivos para reducir los síntomas de la depresión.

antidote
antidote
[Sustantivo]

a substance that counteracts or controls the effects of a poison

antídoto

antídoto

Ex: The antidote for acetaminophen overdose is N-acetylcysteine, which helps protect the liver from damage. 

El antídoto para la sobredosis de acetaminofén es la N-acetilcisteína, que ayuda a proteger el hígado de daños.

gynecology
gynecology
[Sustantivo]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with diseases that are specific to women, especially those that affect their reproductive organs

ginecología

ginecología

Ex: The medical school offers a specialized course in gynecology for aspiring doctors. 

La escuela de medicina ofrece un curso especializado en ginecología para los aspirantes a médicos.

rehab
rehab
[Sustantivo]

‌the process of helping someone who has a problem with drugs or alcohol to lead a normal life again

rehabilitación

rehabilitación

Ex: Successful rehab often involves both medical treatment and counseling. 

La rehabilitación exitosa a menudo implica tanto tratamiento médico como asesoramiento.

to infuse
to infuse
[Verbo]

to slowly administer a drug or other substance through a needle or catheter into the bloodstream

infundir

infundir

Ex: The anesthesiologist will infuse the sedative into the patient's system before the surgical procedure begins. 

El anestesiólogo infundirá el sedante en el sistema del paciente antes de que comience el procedimiento quirúrgico.

pediatrics
pediatrics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with children and their conditions

pediatría

pediatría

Ex: She specialized in pediatrics and worked primarily with young patients. 

Se especializó en pediatría y trabajó principalmente con pacientes jóvenes.

to quarantine

to isolate a person or animal for a specific period due to illness, suspicion of illness, or to prevent the potential spread of a disease

poner en cuarentena

poner en cuarentena

Ex: The health authorities quarantined the passengers of the cruise ship after several cases of norovirus were reported onboard. 

Las autoridades sanitarias pusieron en cuarentena a los pasajeros del crucero después de que se reportaran varios casos de norovirus a bordo.

to revive
to revive
[Verbo]

to make a person become conscious again

resucitar

resucitar

Ex: They tried to revive him with cold water splashed on his face after he fainted from heat exhaustion. 

Intentaron revivirlo con agua fría salpicada en su cara después de que se desmayara por agotamiento por calor.

to soothe
to soothe
[Verbo]

to reduce the severity of a pain

calmar, aliviar

calmar, aliviar

Ex: He applied aloe vera to soothe the sunburn on his skin. 

Aplicó aloe vera para calmar las quemaduras solares en su piel.

dosage
dosage
[Sustantivo]

a prescribed amount of medicine that is taken regularly

dosis

dosis

Ex: He forgot his evening dosage of medication and needed to make up for it. 

Olvidó su dosis nocturna de medicación y necesitó compensarla.

psychoanalysis
psychoanalysis
[Sustantivo]

a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

psicoanálisis, sicoanálisis

psicoanálisis, sicoanálisis

Ex: He found that psychoanalysis helped him address deep-seated fears and unresolved traumas. 

Descubrió que el psicoanálisis le ayudó a abordar miedos profundos y traumas no resueltos.

febrile
febrile
[Adjetivo]

having the symptoms of a fever, such as high temperature, sweating, shivering, etc.

febril

febril

Ex: The doctor noted the febrile child’s flushed face and rapid breathing. 

El médico notó el rostro enrojecido y la respiración rápida del niño febril.

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