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GRE必备词汇 - 早日康复!

在这里,您将学习一些关于疾病的英语单词,如“活检”、“敷料”、“药膏”等,这些都是GRE考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE

to make a person or animal calm or unconscious using drugs, like sedatives

使平静, 麻醉

使平静, 麻醉

Ex: The nurse will tranquillize the patient before the surgical procedure begins.护士将在外科手术开始前**镇静**病人。
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anesthesia
[名词]

the condition of losing one's sensation or awareness during surgery and other procedures, particularly by use of special drugs

麻醉

麻醉

Ex: Anesthesia made the lengthy procedure comfortable and pain-free for the patient.**麻醉**使漫长的过程对病人来说舒适无痛。
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biopsy
[名词]

the process of removing and analyzing tissue from the body of a sick person to learn more about their condition

活检

活检

Ex: A biopsy is commonly performed to detect and diagnose prostate cancer in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) levels .前列腺**活检**通常用于检测和诊断前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)水平升高的男性中的前列腺癌。
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catheter
[名词]

a flexible tube inserted into one's bladder, to drain and collect urine

导管, 导尿管

导管, 导尿管

Ex: The nurse carefully secured catheter to prevent accidental dislodgment .护士小心地固定了**导管**以防止意外脱落。
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chiropractor
[名词]

someone who treats diseases or physical problems by pressing or manipulating joints in the body

脊椎按摩师, 整脊师

脊椎按摩师, 整脊师

Ex: chiropractor recommended regular chiropractic care combined with lifestyle modifications to manage chronic neck pain effectively .**脊椎按摩师**建议定期进行脊椎按摩护理并结合生活方式调整,以有效管理慢性颈部疼痛。
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diagnosis
[名词]

the identification of the nature and cause of an illness or other problem

诊断

诊断

Ex: diagnosis requires a thorough examination and multiple tests .准确的**诊断**需要彻底的检查和多次测试。
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to discharge
[动词]

to allow a patient to leave the hospital because they have recovered and no longer need to receive inpatient care

出院, 释放

出院, 释放

Ex: The hospital 's goal is to ensure patients discharged promptly to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections .医院的目标是确保患者及时**出院**,以降低医院获得性感染的风险。
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to dress
[动词]

to clean the wound properly and apply bandages in order to promote healing and to protect it from further harm

包扎, 处理伤口

包扎, 处理伤口

Ex: The hiker knew how dress his blisters to prevent them from worsening during the long trek .这位徒步旅行者知道如何**包扎**他的水泡,以防止它们在长途跋涉中恶化。
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geriatric
[形容词]

related to the medical care of the old people; often used for hospitals, wards, nurses, or doctors that specialize in treating old people

老年医学的, 老年护理的

老年医学的, 老年护理的

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to immunize
[动词]

to protect an animal or a person from a disease by vaccination

免疫, 接种疫苗

免疫, 接种疫苗

Ex: Veterinarians recommend pet owners immunize their dogs and cats to prevent the spread of certain diseases .兽医建议宠物主人给他们的狗和猫**接种疫苗**,以防止某些疾病的传播。
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intravenous
[形容词]

administered into or taking place in a vein

静脉内的, 通过静脉

静脉内的, 通过静脉

Ex: intravenous catheter was carefully placed to ensure accurate drug delivery .**静脉内**导管被小心放置以确保准确的药物输送。
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ointment
[名词]

a substance, usually smooth and oily, rubbed on the skin for medical purposes

药膏, 软膏

药膏, 软膏

Ex: The ointment provided relief from the insect bites by soothing the itching and reducing inflammation .草药**药膏**通过舒缓瘙痒和减少炎症来缓解昆虫叮咬。
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outpatient
[名词]

a patient who receives treatment in a hospital but does not remain there afterward

门诊病人, 外诊病人

门诊病人, 外诊病人

Ex: The hospital’s outpatient department handles routine check-ups and follow-ups.医院的**门诊**部门处理常规检查和随访。
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over-the-counter
[形容词]

(of drugs and medicines) available for purchase without a physician's prescription

非处方, 非处方的

非处方, 非处方的

Ex: The pharmacist recommended over-the-counter antihistamine for her allergies .药剂师推荐了一种**非处方**抗组胺药来治疗她的过敏。
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pharmaceutical
[形容词]

related to the production, use, or sale of medicines

制药的, 医药的

制药的, 医药的

Ex: Doctors often pharmaceutical interventions to manage various medical conditions .医生经常依赖**药物**干预来管理各种医疗状况。
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restorative
[形容词]

able to promote or restore one's health or strength

恢复性的, 再生的

恢复性的, 再生的

Ex: The doctor recommended restorative diet to improve her overall health .医生推荐了一种**恢复性**饮食来改善她的整体健康状况。
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recuperation
[名词]

the gradual recovery through rest after sickness or injury

恢复,  康复

恢复, 康复

Ex: Recuperation from a serious illness often requires patience and careful monitoring to ensure there are no complications .从重病中**恢复**通常需要耐心和仔细的监测,以确保没有并发症。
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sanitarium
[名词]

an establishment or facility that treats people who have a chronic illness

疗养院, 治疗机构

疗养院, 治疗机构

Ex: The sanitarium was known for its innovative treatments in the early 20th century .这座历史悠久的**疗养院**以其20世纪初的创新疗法而闻名。
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to stitch
[动词]

to join the edges of a wound together by a thread and needle

缝合, 缝

缝合, 缝

Ex: stitched the puncture wound on his hand after cleaning it thoroughly .他彻底清洁后**缝合**了手上的刺伤。
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to swab
[动词]

to clean, apply medication to, or remove liquid from a wound using a swab

用棉签擦拭, 用棉签涂抹消毒剂

用棉签擦拭, 用棉签涂抹消毒剂

Ex: The swabbed the extraction site with a disinfectant .牙医用消毒剂**擦拭**了拔牙部位。
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tourniquet
[名词]

a device, such as a bandage, piece of fabric, etc. that arrests bleeding by applying pressure to the wound

止血带, 压脉器

止血带, 压脉器

Ex: The doctor emphasized the importance of applying tourniquet above the wound .医生强调了在伤口上方应用**止血带**的重要性。
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hypodermic
[名词]

a piston syringe with a long thin needle for injecting substances under the skin

皮下注射器, 皮下注射针

皮下注射器, 皮下注射针

Ex: The clinic stocked various sizes hypodermics for different treatments .诊所备有各种尺寸的**皮下注射器**用于不同的治疗。
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psychosis
[名词]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

精神病, 精神病状态

精神病, 精神病状态

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**精神病**可能是各种心理健康障碍的症状,包括精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和严重抑郁症。
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psychotic
[形容词]

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

精神病的, 脱离现实的

精神病的, 脱离现实的

Ex: Psychotic episodes may be triggered by stress or substance abuse .**精神病**发作可能是由压力或药物滥用引发的。
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neurosis
[名词]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

神经症, 神经官能症

神经症, 神经官能症

Ex: Symptoms neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .**神经症**的症状可能包括持续的悲伤、易怒和恐惧感,通常没有明确或合理的原因。
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acupressure
[名词]

an alternative therapy in which pressure is put on specific parts of the body with hands and fingers

指压

指压

Ex: Many people turn to acupressure as a natural alternative to medication.许多人转向**指压**作为药物的天然替代品。
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acupuncture
[名词]

a method of treatment in which thin needles are inserted in specific spots on the body, originated in China

针灸, 针刺疗法

针灸, 针刺疗法

Ex: Acupuncture involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body .**针灸**涉及将细针插入身体的特定部位。
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to amputate
[动词]

to surgically remove a body part, such as a limb or organ, often due to injury, disease, or medical necessity

截肢

截肢

Ex: Surgeons may choose amputate a tumor-affected breast as part of breast cancer treatment .作为乳腺癌治疗的一部分,外科医生可能会选择**截除**受肿瘤影响的乳房。
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maladjusted
[形容词]

characterized by being emotionally unstable and incapable of coping with the demands of a normal social environment

不适应的,  不稳定的

不适应的, 不稳定的

Ex: maladjusted behavior made it difficult for her to maintain stable relationships .她的**不适应**行为使她难以维持稳定的关系。
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mindfulness
[名词]

a mental state achieved by maintaining a moment-by-moment awareness of one's thoughts, feelings, etc., used as a therapeutic technique

正念, 觉知

正念, 觉知

Ex: She mindfulness into her daily routine to enhance her overall quality of life .她将**正念**融入日常生活,以提高整体生活质量。
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antidote
[名词]

a substance that counteracts or controls the effects of a poison

解毒剂, 抗毒药

解毒剂, 抗毒药

Ex: Education about potential hazards and their antidotes can help prevent and mitigate the effects of poisoning incidents .关于潜在危险及其相应**解毒剂**的教育有助于预防和减轻中毒事件的影响。
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gynecology
[名词]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with diseases that are specific to women, especially those that affect their reproductive organs

妇科

妇科

Ex: He pursued a career gynecology to focus on women 's reproductive issues .他追求**妇科**事业,专注于女性生殖问题。
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rehab
[名词]

‌the process of helping someone who has a problem with drugs or alcohol to lead a normal life again

康复,  解毒

康复, 解毒

Ex: She felt hopeful after starting rehab, seeing progress in her recovery .开始**康复**后,看到恢复的进展,她感到充满希望。
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to infuse
[动词]

to slowly administer a drug or other substance through a needle or catheter into the bloodstream

注入, 缓慢给药

注入, 缓慢给药

Ex: The home healthcare provider taught the patient how infuse the insulin using an infusion set for managing diabetes .家庭医疗保健提供者教患者如何使用输液装置**输注**胰岛素以控制糖尿病。
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pediatrics
[名词]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with children and their conditions

儿科

儿科

Ex: Pediatrics requires a deep understanding of childhood diseases and developmental milestones .**儿科**需要对儿童疾病和发展里程碑有深刻的理解。
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to isolate a person or animal for a specific period due to illness, suspicion of illness, or to prevent the potential spread of a disease

隔离, 检疫

隔离, 检疫

Ex: The quarantined the classroom where a student tested positive for COVID-19 .学校将一名学生COVID-19检测呈阳性的教室进行了**隔离**。
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to revive
[动词]

to make a person become conscious again

使苏醒, 使恢复知觉

使苏醒, 使恢复知觉

Ex: The first aid instructor taught the class how revive someone who has passed out due to low blood pressure .急救指导员教全班同学如何**复苏**因低血压而昏倒的人。
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to soothe
[动词]

to reduce the severity of a pain

舒缓, 减轻

舒缓, 减轻

Ex: The cold soothes the pain and reduces swelling .**冷敷**可以缓解疼痛并减轻肿胀。
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dosage
[名词]

a prescribed amount of medicine that is taken regularly

剂量, 用量

剂量, 用量

Ex: The pharmacist provided instructions on the dosage for the new prescription .药剂师提供了关于新处方正确**剂量**的说明。
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a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

精神分析, 精神分析疗法

精神分析, 精神分析疗法

Ex: Psychoanalysis often involves discussing childhood experiences to uncover underlying issues .**精神分析**通常涉及讨论童年经历以揭示潜在问题。
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febrile
[形容词]

having the symptoms of a fever, such as high temperature, sweating, shivering, etc.

发热的

发热的

Ex: febrile state was accompanied by chills and general weakness .**发热**状态伴有寒战和全身无力。
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