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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE - La Maladie

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la maladie, tels que "biopsie", "pansement", "pommade", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE

to make a person or animal calm or unconscious using drugs, like sedatives

administrer un sédatif à

administrer un sédatif à

Ex: The nurse will tranquillize the patient before the surgical procedure begins.L'infirmière va **tranquilliser** le patient avant que la procédure chirurgicale ne commence.

the condition of losing one's sensation or awareness during surgery and other procedures, particularly by use of special drugs

anesthésie

anesthésie

Ex: Anesthesia made the lengthy procedure comfortable and pain-free for the patient.**Anesthésie** a rendu la longue procédure confortable et sans douleur pour le patient.
biopsy
[nom]

the process of removing and analyzing tissue from the body of a sick person to learn more about their condition

biopsie

biopsie

Ex: A prostate biopsy is commonly performed to detect and diagnose prostate cancer in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) levels .Une **biopsie** de la prostate est couramment réalisée pour détecter et diagnostiquer le cancer de la prostate chez les hommes ayant des taux élevés d'antigène spécifique de la prostate (PSA).

a flexible tube inserted into one's bladder, to drain and collect urine

cathéter

cathéter

Ex: The nurse carefully secured the catheter to prevent accidental dislodgment .L'infirmière a soigneusement fixé le **cathéter** pour éviter un délogement accidentel.

someone who treats diseases or physical problems by pressing or manipulating joints in the body

chiropracteur, chiropractrice, chiropraticien, chiropraticienne

chiropracteur, chiropractrice, chiropraticien, chiropraticienne

Ex: The chiropractor recommended regular chiropractic care combined with lifestyle modifications to manage chronic neck pain effectively .Le **chiropraticien** a recommandé des soins chiropratiques réguliers combinés à des modifications du mode de vie pour gérer efficacement les douleurs chroniques au cou.

the identification of the nature and cause of an illness or other problem

diagnostic

diagnostic

Ex: Accurate diagnosis requires a thorough examination and multiple tests .Un **diagnostic** précis nécessite un examen approfondi et plusieurs tests.

to allow a patient to leave the hospital because they have recovered and no longer need to receive inpatient care

laisser sortir

laisser sortir

Ex: The hospital 's goal is to ensure patients are discharged promptly to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections .L'objectif de l'hôpital est de s'assurer que les patients sont **sortis** rapidement pour réduire le risque d'infections nosocomiales.
to dress
[verbe]

to clean the wound properly and apply bandages in order to promote healing and to protect it from further harm

panser

panser

Ex: The hiker knew how to dress his blisters to prevent them from worsening during the long trek .Le randonneur savait comment **panser** ses ampoules pour éviter qu'elles ne s'aggravent pendant la longue randonnée.
geriatric
[Adjectif]

related to the medical care of the old people; often used for hospitals, wards, nurses, or doctors that specialize in treating old people

gériatrique, gérontologique

gériatrique, gérontologique

to protect an animal or a person from a disease by vaccination

immuniser

immuniser

Ex: Veterinarians recommend pet owners to immunize their dogs and cats to prevent the spread of certain diseases .Les vétérinaires recommandent aux propriétaires d'animaux de **immuniser** leurs chiens et chats pour prévenir la propagation de certaines maladies.
intravenous
[Adjectif]

administered into or taking place in a vein

intraveineux

intraveineux

Ex: The intravenous catheter was carefully placed to ensure accurate drug delivery .Le cathéter **intraveineux** a été soigneusement placé pour assurer une administration précise du médicament.

a substance, usually smooth and oily, rubbed on the skin for medical purposes

pommade, crème

pommade, crème

Ex: The herbal ointment provided relief from the insect bites by soothing the itching and reducing inflammation .La **pommade** à base de plantes a soulagé les piqûres d'insectes en apaisant les démangeaisons et en réduisant l'inflammation.

a patient who receives treatment in a hospital but does not remain there afterward

patient en consultation externe, patiente en consultation externe

patient en consultation externe, patiente en consultation externe

Ex: The hospital’s outpatient department handles routine check-ups and follow-ups.Le service **ambulatoire** de l'hôpital gère les bilans de routine et les suivis.

(of drugs and medicines) available for purchase without a physician's prescription

vendu sans ordonnance

vendu sans ordonnance

Ex: The pharmacist recommended an over-the-counter antihistamine for her allergies .Le pharmacien a recommandé un antihistaminique **en vente libre** pour ses allergies.
pharmaceutical
[Adjectif]

related to the production, use, or sale of medicines

pharmaceutique

pharmaceutique

Ex: Doctors often rely on pharmaceutical interventions to manage various medical conditions .Les médecins comptent souvent sur des interventions **pharmaceutiques** pour gérer diverses conditions médicales.
restorative
[Adjectif]

able to promote or restore one's health or strength

reconstituant

reconstituant

Ex: The doctor recommended a restorative diet to improve her overall health .Le médecin a recommandé un régime **restaurateur** pour améliorer sa santé globale.

the gradual recovery through rest after sickness or injury

rétablissement

rétablissement

Ex: Recuperation from a serious illness often requires patience and careful monitoring to ensure there are no complications .La **récupération** après une maladie grave nécessite souvent de la patience et une surveillance attentive pour éviter les complications.

an establishment or facility that treats people who have a chronic illness

sanatorium

sanatorium

Ex: The historic sanitarium was known for its innovative treatments in the early 20th century .Le **sanatorium** historique était connu pour ses traitements innovants au début du 20ème siècle.
to stitch
[verbe]

to join the edges of a wound together by a thread and needle

suturer, recoudre

suturer, recoudre

Ex: He stitched the puncture wound on his hand after cleaning it thoroughly .Il a **cousu** la plaie par ponction sur sa main après l'avoir soigneusement nettoyée.
to swab
[verbe]

to clean, apply medication to, or remove liquid from a wound using a swab

nettoyer avec un tampon

nettoyer avec un tampon

Ex: The dentist swabbed the extraction site with a disinfectant .Le dentiste a **tamponné** le site d'extraction avec un désinfectant.

a device, such as a bandage, piece of fabric, etc. that arrests bleeding by applying pressure to the wound

garrot, ligature

garrot, ligature

Ex: The doctor emphasized the importance of applying a tourniquet above the wound .Le médecin a souligné l'importance d'appliquer un **garrot** au-dessus de la plaie.

a piston syringe with a long thin needle for injecting substances under the skin

seringue hypodermique

seringue hypodermique

Ex: The clinic stocked various sizes of hypodermics for different treatments .La clinique avait en stock différentes tailles de **hypodermiques** pour différents traitements.

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psychosis

psychosis

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**Psychose** peut être un symptôme de divers troubles de santé mentale, y compris la schizophrénie, le trouble bipolaire et la dépression sévère.
psychotic
[Adjectif]

(of a mental condition) affecting brain processes so severely that makes one unable to tell the difference between reality and fantasy

psychotique

psychotique

Ex: Psychotic episodes may be triggered by stress or substance abuse .Les épisodes **psychotiques** peuvent être déclenchés par le stress ou l'abus de substances.

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

névrose

névrose

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .Les symptômes de la **névrose** peuvent inclure des sentiments persistants de tristesse, d'irritabilité et de peur, souvent sans cause claire ou rationnelle.

an alternative therapy in which pressure is put on specific parts of the body with hands and fingers

digipuncture

digipuncture

Ex: Many people turn to acupressure as a natural alternative to medication.Beaucoup de gens se tournent vers **l'acupression** comme alternative naturelle aux médicaments.

a method of treatment in which thin needles are inserted in specific spots on the body, originated in China

acuponcture

acuponcture

Ex: Acupuncture involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body .**L'acupuncture** consiste à insérer de fines aiguilles en des points spécifiques du corps.

to surgically remove a body part, such as a limb or organ, often due to injury, disease, or medical necessity

amputer

amputer

Ex: Surgeons may choose to amputate a tumor-affected breast as part of breast cancer treatment .Les chirurgiens peuvent choisir d'**amputer** un sein affecté par une tumeur dans le cadre du traitement du cancer du sein.
maladjusted
[Adjectif]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

inadapté

inadapté

Ex: Her maladjusted behavior made it difficult for her to maintain stable relationships .

a mental state achieved by maintaining a moment-by-moment awareness of one's thoughts, feelings, etc., used as a therapeutic technique

pleine conscience, pleine présence, présence attentive, pleine attention

pleine conscience, pleine présence, présence attentive, pleine attention

Ex: She incorporated mindfulness into her daily routine to enhance her overall quality of life .Elle a intégré la **pleine conscience** dans sa routine quotidienne pour améliorer sa qualité de vie globale.

a substance that counteracts or controls the effects of a poison

antidote

antidote

Ex: Education about potential hazards and their corresponding antidotes can help prevent and mitigate the effects of poisoning incidents .L'éducation sur les dangers potentiels et leurs **antidotes** correspondants peut aider à prévenir et à atténuer les effets des incidents d'empoisonnement.

the branch of medicine that is concerned with diseases that are specific to women, especially those that affect their reproductive organs

gynécologie

gynécologie

Ex: He pursued a career in gynecology to focus on women 's reproductive issues .Il a poursuivi une carrière en **gynécologie** pour se concentrer sur les problèmes de reproduction des femmes.
rehab
[nom]

‌the process of helping someone who has a problem with drugs or alcohol to lead a normal life again

désintox, cure de désintox

désintox, cure de désintox

Ex: She felt hopeful after starting her rehab, seeing progress in her recovery .Elle s'est sentie pleine d'espoir après avoir commencé sa **réadaptation**, voyant des progrès dans son rétablissement.
to infuse
[verbe]

to slowly administer a drug or other substance through a needle or catheter into the bloodstream

infuser, faire infuser

infuser, faire infuser

Ex: The home healthcare provider taught the patient how to infuse the insulin using an infusion set for managing diabetes .Le prestataire de soins à domicile a appris au patient comment **infuser** l'insuline à l'aide d'un ensemble de perfusion pour gérer le diabète.

the branch of medicine that is concerned with children and their conditions

pédiatrie

pédiatrie

Ex: Pediatrics requires a deep understanding of childhood diseases and developmental milestones .**Pédiatrie** nécessite une compréhension approfondie des maladies infantiles et des étapes du développement.

to isolate a person or animal for a specific period due to illness, suspicion of illness, or to prevent the potential spread of a disease

mettre en quarantaine, placer en quarantaine

mettre en quarantaine, placer en quarantaine

Ex: The school quarantined the classroom where a student tested positive for COVID-19 .L'école a mis en **quarantaine** la classe où un élève a été testé positif au COVID-19.
to revive
[verbe]

to make a person become conscious again

ranimer, réanimer

ranimer, réanimer

Ex: The first aid instructor taught the class how to revive someone who has passed out due to low blood pressure .L'instructeur de premiers secours a appris à la classe comment **réanimer** quelqu'un qui s'est évanoui à cause d'une pression artérielle basse.
to soothe
[verbe]

to reduce the severity of a pain

apaiser

apaiser

Ex: The cold compress soothes the pain and reduces swelling .Le **compresse froide** apaise la douleur et réduit le gonflement.
dosage
[nom]

a prescribed amount of medicine that is taken regularly

posologie, dosage

posologie, dosage

Ex: The pharmacist provided instructions on the correct dosage for the new prescription .Le pharmacien a fourni des instructions sur la **posologie** correcte pour la nouvelle ordonnance.

a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

psychanalyse

psychanalyse

Ex: Psychoanalysis often involves discussing childhood experiences to uncover underlying issues .La **psychanalyse** implique souvent de discuter des expériences de l'enfance pour découvrir des problèmes sous-jacents.
febrile
[Adjectif]

having the symptoms of a fever, such as high temperature, sweating, shivering, etc.

fébrile

fébrile

Ex: The febrile state was accompanied by chills and general weakness .L'état **fébrile** était accompagné de frissons et d'une faiblesse générale.
Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE
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